云南老厂雨汪煤层气区块气水成因及产能响应

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.076

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为提高云南老厂雨汪区块煤层气(CBM)产能,基于6口煤层气先导试验井的气体样品组分、甲烷碳同位素、产出水氢氧同位素及微量元素测试结果,结合研究区煤层气地质条件和产能特征,分析了气体组分、水的氢氧同位素特征及微量元素成分对产能的指示意义。结果表明:研究区煤层气气体组分以CH₄为主,含少量C₂H₆、N₂和CO₂,不含重烃,为热成因气,并经过了后期的次生改造。煤层气井产出水的氢氧同位素特征说明产出水来源于大气降水,呈现明显的¹⁸O漂移特征。主成分分析结果显示产出水微量元素成分可以归纳为两个主成分,分别反映气井的产气和产水情况。根据煤层气井气水产出情况、产出水的氢氧同位素特征、微量元素成分综合分析表明,当前雨汪区块除LC-C3井外其他井产出水主要为压裂液,储层降压受限,导致气井产量较低。

关键词: 雨汪区块, 煤层气, 氢氧同位素, 微量元素, 产能

Abstract:

To improve the productivity of coalbed methane (CBM) in Yuwang Block at Laochang(Yunnan province), we analyzed the composition of gas samples, methane, carbon isotopes, hydrogen-oxygen (H-O) isotopes of produced water and trace elements in 6 CBM pilot test wells, combined with the geological conditions and productivity characteristics of CBM. And we discussed the productivity indicating significance from isotopes and trace elements of the gas and water. The results show that CH₄ is the main component of local CBM, which accounts for over 97%. There are minor amounts of C₂H₆, N₂ and CO₂ but no heavy hydrocarbons, and the coalbed methane is mainly of thermal origin and has undergone later-stage secondary transformation. The H-O isotope characteristics of the CBM produced water indicate that the produced water was sourced from meteoric water, which show a clear ¹⁸O drift. The result of principal component analysis shows that trace elements in the produced water can be divided into two principal components, which reflect the gas and water production of gas wells, respectively. Integrating the comprehensive gas and water production, hydrogen-oxygen isotopes and trace elements data of the produced water from CBM wells, we suggested that the produced water of other wells in the Yuwang block is mainly fracturing fluid (except LC-C3 well), and that the reservoir pressure drop is limited, causing low gas well production.

Key words: Yuwang block, coalbed methane, hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, trace element, productivity

中图分类号:

翟佳宇, 张松航, 唐书恒, 郭慧秋, 刘冰, 纪朝琪. 云南老厂雨汪煤层气区块气水成因及产能响应[J]. 现代地质, 2022, 36(05): 1341-1350.

ZHAI Jiayu, ZHANG Songhang, TANG Shuheng, GUO Huiqiu, LIU Bing, JI Chaoqi. Origin and Productivity Response of Gas and Water in Coalbed Methane Field of Yuwang Block at Laochang, Yunnan Province[J]. Geoscience, 2022, 36(05): 1341-1350.

图/表 10

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样号	最大日产气量 /(m³/d)	最大日产水量 /(m³/d)	累计产水量/ m³	压裂液量/ m³	气体组分/%				稳定同位素含量/‰				干燥系数	R_o/%
					气体组分/%				甲烷		二氧化碳
					CH₄	C₂H₆	N₂	CO₂	δ¹³C	δD	δ¹³C	δ¹⁸O
LC-S1	120.675	1.977	582.97	1 086.3	97.70	0.05	1.13	1.12	-34.2	-111.7	-11.7	-5.3	0.999	3.11
LC-C4	692.258	4.756	722.50	1 400^*	97.25	0.03	1.47	1.25	-33.3	-112.6	-10.0	-5.6	0.999	3.08
LC-S2	808.957	5.221	549.38	1 116.9	98.07	0.04	0.65	1.24	-34.0	-113.1	-10.4	-6.9	0.999	3.16
LC-C1	335.938	4.532	410.08	1 400^*	/	/	/	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
LC-C3	423.063	9.854	4133.03	1 400^*	98.33	0.04	1.09	0.24	-34.0	-113.5	-13.8	-6.7	0.996	3.09
LC-C2	402.429	5.381	537.53	1 400^*	95.84	0.06	1.78	2.32	-34.5	-117.3	-12.9	-7.0	0.999	3.28

样号	最大日产气量 /(m³/d)	最大日产水量 /(m³/d)	累计产水量/ m³	压裂液量/ m³	气体组分/%				稳定同位素含量/‰				干燥系数	R_o/%
					气体组分/%				甲烷		二氧化碳
					CH₄	C₂H₆	N₂	CO₂	δ¹³C	δD	δ¹³C	δ¹⁸O
LC-S1	120.675	1.977	582.97	1 086.3	97.70	0.05	1.13	1.12	-34.2	-111.7	-11.7	-5.3	0.999	3.11
LC-C4	692.258	4.756	722.50	1 400^*	97.25	0.03	1.47	1.25	-33.3	-112.6	-10.0	-5.6	0.999	3.08
LC-S2	808.957	5.221	549.38	1 116.9	98.07	0.04	0.65	1.24	-34.0	-113.1	-10.4	-6.9	0.999	3.16
LC-C1	335.938	4.532	410.08	1 400^*	/	/	/	/	/	/	/	/	/	/
LC-C3	423.063	9.854	4133.03	1 400^*	98.33	0.04	1.09	0.24	-34.0	-113.5	-13.8	-6.7	0.996	3.09
LC-C2	402.429	5.381	537.53	1 400^*	95.84	0.06	1.78	2.32	-34.5	-117.3	-12.9	-7.0	0.999	3.28

样号	微量元素含量/10^-6										水氢氧同位素/‰
样号	Li	Ba	Cu	Mn	Mo	Rb	Sr	Ti	W	Zn	δD	δ¹⁸O
LC-S1	320	670	3	16	3	17	3 140	86	5	3	-83.5	-9.7
LC-C4	430	1 920	5	22	3	35	5 680	116	7	4	-78.0	-9.6
LC-S2	620	1 090	5	9	5	28	4 140	111	8	4	-81.4	-10.2
LC-C1	480	250	3	0.8	9	58	3 520	75	3	4	-71.9	-9.4
LC-C3	160	10	1	26	5	5	750	49	2	3	-84.4	-10.8
LC-C2	290	440	3	8	7	39	4 380	84	7	5	-85.7	-10.5

样号	微量元素含量/10^-6										水氢氧同位素/‰
样号	Li	Ba	Cu	Mn	Mo	Rb	Sr	Ti	W	Zn	δD	δ¹⁸O
LC-S1	320	670	3	16	3	17	3 140	86	5	3	-83.5	-9.7
LC-C4	430	1 920	5	22	3	35	5 680	116	7	4	-78.0	-9.6
LC-S2	620	1 090	5	9	5	28	4 140	111	8	4	-81.4	-10.2
LC-C1	480	250	3	0.8	9	58	3 520	75	3	4	-71.9	-9.4
LC-C3	160	10	1	26	5	5	750	49	2	3	-84.4	-10.8
LC-C2	290	440	3	8	7	39	4 380	84	7	5	-85.7	-10.5

主成分	F₁	F₂	F₃	F₄	F₅
Li	0.801	0.166	-0.539	-0.137	0.148
Ba	0.788	-0.558	0.004	0.250	0.077
Cu	0.964	-0.205	-0.162	-0.012	0.049
Mn	-0.408	-0.843	0.202	0.191	0.215
Mo	-0.074	0.983	0.004	0.015	0.166
Rb	0.572	0.735	-0.036	0.358	-0.055
Sr	0.952	-0.018	0.194	0.203	-0.119
Ti	0.947	-0.311	-0.069	-0.023	-0.033
W	0.862	-0.236	0.255	-0.367	-0.034
Zn	0.625	0.525	0.557	-0.090	0.127
特征值	5.628	3.026	0.776	0.430	0.140
方差贡献率/%	56.277	30.264	7.757	4.304	1.398
累计方差贡献率/%	56.277	86.541	94.298	98.602	100.000