北京市东南郊不同灌区表层土壤中PAHs来源解析

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用正三角形布点法在北京市东南郊污灌区、再生水灌区、清灌区分别进行了3个表土的样品采集，采样间隔为1 m，共采集9个样品，分别测试了样品中16种多环芳烃的质量分数。测试结果表明：大部分PAHs在3个灌区表土中均有检出，污灌区除了蒽和苯并[a]蒽外，其余均有检出；再生水灌区除二氢苊和苯并[a]蒽外，其余均有检出；清灌区16种PAHs均有检出。其中，污灌区的Σ_PAHs大约为730 μg/kg，再生水灌区Σ_PAHs大约为207 μg/kg，清灌区PAHs大约为43 μg/kg。分别利用比值法、聚类分析法和主成分分析法对研究区土壤中PAHs的可能来源进行解析，通过比值法和聚类分析法可以得出：污灌区表土PAHs污染主要来源于石油源，而再生水灌区和清灌区的PAHs主要来源于燃烧源。由主成分分析法可以定量地计算出各个污染源对PAHs的贡献率：在污灌区采样点，燃烧源/汽车尾气和焦炭源/石油源的贡献率分别为30％和70％；在再生水灌区，PAHs的主要来源为煤的燃烧、汽车尾气的排放和部分石油源的输入，贡献率分别为83.2％和16.8％；在清灌区，PAHs的主要来源为煤的燃烧和汽车尾气的排放，贡献率分别为83.6％和16.4％。

关键词: PAHs, 源解析, 聚类分析法, 主成分分析法, 表层土壤, 灌区, 北京市东南郊

Abstract:

Using triangular distribution method, three sampling points were drilled in the sewage irrigation area, reclaimed water irrigation area and irrigation area respectively in the southeast suburb of Beijing. The interval between drill holes is 1 m. Totally 9 samples were collected in the same time, of which 16 kinds of PAHs were analyzed in the lab. The results showed that most of the PAHs were detected in the surface soil of the three irrigation areas mentioned above. Anthracene and benzo [a] anthracene were not found in the sewage irrigation area; dihydro acenaphthylene and benzo [a] anthracene were not found in the reclaimed water irrigation area; 16 PAHs were all detected in the irrigation area. ΣPAHs were approximately 730 μg/kg, 207 μg/kg and 43 μg/kg respectively in sewage irrigation area, reclaimed water irrigation area and irrigation area. Ratio method, cluster analysis and principal component analysis(PCA) were employed respectively for the PAHs sources apportionment of the study area. The results obtained through ratio method and cluster analysis indicated that PAHs pollution of wastewater irrigation area mostly came from petrogenic source and PAHs pollution of reclaimed water irrigation and the irrigation area was mainly from pyrogenic source. Through the PCA, the contribution rate of various sources of PAHs quantitatively can be calculated. In the sewage irrigation area, the rate of the pyrogenic source/vehicle exhaust and coke source/petrogenic source were 30% and 70% respectively; in the reclaimed water irrigation area, coal combustion, vehicle exhaust emissions and some petrogenic source were the main pollution source of PAHs, of which the contribution rates were respectively 83.2% and 16.8%; in the irrigation area, coal combustion and vehicle exhaust emissions were the main source of PAHs, of which the contribution rates were respectively 83.% and 16.4%.

Key words: PAHs, source apportionment, cluster analysis, principal component analysis, surface soil, irrigation area, southeast suburb of Beijing

中图分类号:

X131
X143

石钰婷,何江涛,金爱芳. 北京市东南郊不同灌区表层土壤中PAHs来源解析[J]. 现代地质, 2011, 25(2): 393-400.

SHI Yu-Ting,HE Jiang-Tao,JIN Ai-Fang. Sources Apportionment of PAHs in the Surface Soil of Different Irrigation Areas in Southeast Suburb of Beijing[J]. Geoscience, 2011, 25(2): 393-400.

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