中天山卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的成因及其构造意义:元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素约束

现代地质 ›› 2017, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (06): 1147-1156.

中天山卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的成因及其构造意义:元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素约束

麦地娜·努尔太¹(), 尼加提·阿布都逊¹^,², 木合塔尔·扎日¹^,²(), 吴兆宁¹, 张龙¹

1.新疆大学地质与矿业工程学院,新疆乌鲁木齐 830046
2.新疆大学中亚造山带大陆动力学与成矿预测自治区重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐 830046

收稿日期:2016-11-29 修回日期:2017-05-18 出版日期:2017-12-10 发布日期:2017-12-25
通讯作者: 木合塔尔·扎日,男,教授,1960年出生,构造地质学专业,主要从事区域大地构造方面的研究。Email: 1205215168@qq.com。
作者简介:麦地娜·努尔太,女,硕士研究生,1990年出生,矿物学、岩石学、矿床学专业,主要从事火成岩地球化学研究。Email: madina711@163.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41562010);国家自然科学基金项目(41502213);国家自然科学基金项目(41162006)

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of Intermediate Basic Rocks from Kawabulak Complex in Central Tianshan: Constraints from Elemental Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb Isotopes

MADINA Nurtay¹(), NIJAT Abdurusul¹^,², MUHTAR Zari¹^,²(), WU Zhaoning¹, ZHANG Long¹

1. College of Geology and Mining Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
2. Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Geodynamic Processes and Metallogenic Prognosis of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China

Received:2016-11-29 Revised:2017-05-18 Online:2017-12-10 Published:2017-12-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究中天山地块卡瓦布拉克杂岩带的成因,对重建中天山南缘古生代洋陆构造格局及其演变过程具有重要意义。在查明杂岩带中-基性岩主体岩类矿物学及岩石学特征的基础上,分析了该岩类的主、微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素组成。结果显示:其属于偏基性的富钠、低钾岩石系列,富集大离子亲石元素(Rb、U、Sr)和轻稀土元素(LREE),亏损高场强元素(Nb、Ta、Zr)和重稀土元素(HREE)。全岩Sr-Nd同位素组成具有较低的锶初始比值(I_Sr=0.706~0.709)和较高的ε_Nd(t)值(6.84~9.76),并具有较低的放射性成因铅同位素组成,初始铅同位素比值(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=18.015~18.239、(²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=15.573~15.593、(²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=37.871~38.207。结合前人研究成果和区域地质资料,认为其母岩浆应该来自被交代的年轻富集岩石圈地幔,代表岛弧岩浆,说明卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩可能代表该区晚古生代岩浆弧的一部分。

关键词: 中天山, 卡瓦布拉克, 中-基性岩类, Sr-Nd-Pb同位素, 岩石成因

Abstract:

The study of the petrogenesis of Kawabulak Complex has great significance to reconstruct Paleozoic oceanic-continental framework and tectonic evolution processes of southern central Tianshan. On the basis of mineralogical and petrological examinations,major and trace elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes of the intermediate basic components from Kawabulack Complex are studied. The rock samples are mainly of low-K-tholeiite series with relatively high contents of Na. These rocks are relatively enriched in LREEs (Rb, U, Sr) and LILEs, and are depleted in HREE and HFSE (Nb, Ta, Zr). Sr-Nd-Pb isotopic geochemistry shows that the values of I_Sr range from 0.706 to 0.709, while ε_Nd(t)values change from 6.84 to 9.76. They have relatively low Pb isotopic compositions characterized by (²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=18.015-18.239, (²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=15.573-15.593 and (²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i=37.871-38.207. Combining with previous studies and regional geology, the authors have come to the conclusion that the parent magma of intermediate-basic rocks from Kawabulak Complex, as a product of island arc magmatism, is originated from a juvenile lithospheric mantle that was previously metasomatized by subduction zone fluids/melts in the Paleozoic, representing a section of Late Paleozoic magmatic arc of this region.

Key words: central Tianshan, Kawabulak, medium-basis rock, Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes, lithology

中图分类号:

P588.1

麦地娜·努尔太, 尼加提·阿布都逊, 木合塔尔·扎日, 吴兆宁, 张龙. 中天山卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的成因及其构造意义:元素地球化学和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素约束[J]. 现代地质, 2017, 31(06): 1147-1156.

MADINA Nurtay, NIJAT Abdurusul, MUHTAR Zari, WU Zhaoning, ZHANG Long. Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of Intermediate Basic Rocks from Kawabulak Complex in Central Tianshan: Constraints from Elemental Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb Isotopes[J]. Geoscience, 2017, 31(06): 1147-1156.

图/表 14

图1 中亚造山带大地构造位置图(a)与研究区大地构造位置图(b)(据参考文献[8]修编) 1.吐哈地块;2.觉罗塔格构造带;3.康古尔塔格碰撞带;4.阿奇山—雅满苏构造带;5.中天山地块;6.南天山造山带;7.塔里木地块;8.敦煌地块北部活动陆缘;9.红柳河—玉石山碰撞带;10.区域性断裂:①康古尔塔格—黄山—镜儿泉断裂;②雅满苏断裂;③阿其克库都克—沙泉子断裂;④卡瓦布拉克断裂;⑤塞里克沙依—星星峡断裂;⑥辛格尔断裂;⑦红柳河断裂

Fig.1 Tectonic location of central Asian orogenic belt (a) and tectonic map of the study area (b)

图2 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带地质简图(据参考文献[4]修编) 1.超基性杂岩;2.断裂;3.中基性岩体(群)编号;4.地名;5.采样点

Fig.2 Schematic geological map of the Kawabulak complex

图3 研究区中-基性岩镜下显微照片 (a)-(c)为正交偏光,(d)为单偏光,10×10;(a)角闪石中包有半自形板状的中长石; (b)中长石显环带结构,在中长石环带中心有次生绢云母和细粒绿帘石;(c)角闪石在一起有半自形粒状的黄铁矿,黄铁矿多呈褐铁矿化;(d)角闪石边缘被绿泥石交代;Pl.中长石;Amp.角闪石;Py.黄铁矿

Fig.3 Photomicrographs of intermediate basic rocks in the study area

表1 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的主量元素(%)、稀土元素和微量元素(10-6)分析结果

Table 1 Chemical composition of major (%),REE and trace elements(10-6) of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

样品号	SiO₂	TiO₂		Al₂O₃			TFe₂O₃			MgO			MnO			CaO			Na₂O			K₂O			P₂O₅			LOl			Mg^#			Na₂O/ K₂O			Na₂O+ K₂O			σ			A/CNK			A/NK
KB111	55.84	0.58		14.83			5.47			1.85			0.11			7.77			6.50			0.40			0.20			5.82			25.27			16.14			6.90			3.71			0.591			1.342
KB211	49.36	0.52		18.26			5.98			7.96			0.10			13.81			1.74			0.30			0.05			1.23			57.09			5.70			2.04			0.66			0.649			5.764
KB221	49.68	0.55		14.30			7.76			10.35			0.12			13.14			1.27			0.39			0.04			1.71			57.15			3.24			1.66			0.41			0.545			5.731
KB411	52.00	1.07		17.66			9.21			4.38			0.16			8.03			2.98			1.86			0.36			1.46			32.24			1.60			4.84			2.60			0.826			2.572
KB421	44.41	1.36		17.99			11.55			6.00			0.16			12.23			2.31			1.13			0.23			2.04			34.20			2.04			3.45			8.45			0.664			3.596
KB611	43.80	1.54		17.02			11.51			7.35			0.17			12.68			1.99			0.68			0.51			2.19			38.99			2.93			2.68			8.93			0.630			4.263
样品号	La	Ce			Pr			Nd			Sm			Eu			Gd			Tb			Dy			Ho			Er			Tm			Yb			Lu			LREE			HREE
KB111	29.755	28.722			26.737			24.775			20.941			19.093			17.100			14.904			13.528			12.693			12.290			11.373			11.489			11.630			150.024			105.006
KB211	24.624	24.023			22.295			21.126			17.556			16.190			14.676			12.850			11.654			10.756			10.138			9.035			8.746			8.315			125.814			86.170
KB221	17.232	17.056			16.093			15.593			13.804			13.562			11.825			10.845			10.150			9.633			9.275			8.573			8.359			8.094			93.339			76.753
KB411	81.848	74.020			62.189			52.934			37.176			28.128			26.706			21.727			18.780			17.286			16.580			15.333			15.118			14.992			336.295			146.522
KB421	42.608	41.601			38.358			36.158			28.967			24.621			22.316			18.524			15.992			14.647			13.680			12.055			11.500			10.929			212.313			119.643
KB611	48.979	53.301			52.968			52.505			42.654			33.031			32.983			26.594			22.772			20.618			18.937			16.196			15.071			13.850			283.438			167.020
样品号	ΣREE		LREE/ HREE			Rb			Ba			Th			U			Nb			Ta			K			La			Ce			Pb			Pr			Sr			P			Nd
KB111	255.029		1.428			20.953			6.148			12.400			23.034			6.100			6.476			19.275			10.883			10.494			17.987			10.000			8.216			15.484			9.256
KB211	211.984		1.46			10.313			19.582			7.286			16.167			5.720			7.040			10.935			9.006			8.777			23.453			8.339			27.095			2.978			7.893
KB221	170.092		1.216			20.033			15.476			3.698			10.266			3.678			5.016			14.288			6.302			6.232			24.213			6.019			18.513			2.120			5.826
KB411	482.817		2.295			134.533			56.273			65.535			81.330			13.185			14.638			67.958			29.935			27.045			50.360			23.260			34.513			19.251			19.776
KB421	331.956		1.774			55.200			27.897			33.484			47.616			8.100			9.297			41.295			15.583			15.200			59.693			14.346			35.668			12.051			13.509
KB611	450.458		1.697			21.567			21.091			16.994			21.911			9.660			9.956			24.353			17.914			19.475			40.813			19.811			34.191			27.022			19.616
样品号	Zr	Hf		Sm			Eu			Ti			Gd			Tb			Dy			Y			Ho			Er			Tm			Yb			Lu			Sr/Y			La/Yb			Lu/Yb
KB111	6.434	5.825		7.892			7.191			4.357			6.460			5.630			5.098			4.963			4.821			4.644			4.265			4.429			4.376			7.66			3.61			0.15
KB211	4.234	4.040		6.616			6.097			3.255			5.544			4.855			4.392			3.661			4.086			3.831			3.388			3.371			3.129			34.25			3.93			0.14
KB221	2.399	2.675		5.202			5.108			3.371			4.467			4.097			3.825			3.235			3.659			3.505			3.215			3.222			3.046			26.48			2.87			0.14
KB411	13.078	10.551		14.010			10.594			6.496			10.088			8.208			7.077			6.070			6.566			6.265			5.750			5.828			5.641			26.31			7.55			0.15
KB421	7.056	6.266		10.916			9.273			8.269			8.430			6.998			6.027			4.981			5.564			5.169			4.521			4.433			4.113			33.14			5.17			0.14
KB611	5.378	5.455		16.074			12.440			9.316			12.460			10.046			8.582			6.926			7.832			7.155			6.074			5.810			5.212			22.85			4.53			0.14

表1 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的主量元素(%)、稀土元素和微量元素(10-6)分析结果

Table 1 Chemical composition of major (%),REE and trace elements(10-6) of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

样品号	SiO₂	TiO₂		Al₂O₃			TFe₂O₃			MgO			MnO			CaO			Na₂O			K₂O			P₂O₅			LOl			Mg^#			Na₂O/ K₂O			Na₂O+ K₂O			σ			A/CNK			A/NK
KB111	55.84	0.58		14.83			5.47			1.85			0.11			7.77			6.50			0.40			0.20			5.82			25.27			16.14			6.90			3.71			0.591			1.342
KB211	49.36	0.52		18.26			5.98			7.96			0.10			13.81			1.74			0.30			0.05			1.23			57.09			5.70			2.04			0.66			0.649			5.764
KB221	49.68	0.55		14.30			7.76			10.35			0.12			13.14			1.27			0.39			0.04			1.71			57.15			3.24			1.66			0.41			0.545			5.731
KB411	52.00	1.07		17.66			9.21			4.38			0.16			8.03			2.98			1.86			0.36			1.46			32.24			1.60			4.84			2.60			0.826			2.572
KB421	44.41	1.36		17.99			11.55			6.00			0.16			12.23			2.31			1.13			0.23			2.04			34.20			2.04			3.45			8.45			0.664			3.596
KB611	43.80	1.54		17.02			11.51			7.35			0.17			12.68			1.99			0.68			0.51			2.19			38.99			2.93			2.68			8.93			0.630			4.263
样品号	La	Ce			Pr			Nd			Sm			Eu			Gd			Tb			Dy			Ho			Er			Tm			Yb			Lu			LREE			HREE
KB111	29.755	28.722			26.737			24.775			20.941			19.093			17.100			14.904			13.528			12.693			12.290			11.373			11.489			11.630			150.024			105.006
KB211	24.624	24.023			22.295			21.126			17.556			16.190			14.676			12.850			11.654			10.756			10.138			9.035			8.746			8.315			125.814			86.170
KB221	17.232	17.056			16.093			15.593			13.804			13.562			11.825			10.845			10.150			9.633			9.275			8.573			8.359			8.094			93.339			76.753
KB411	81.848	74.020			62.189			52.934			37.176			28.128			26.706			21.727			18.780			17.286			16.580			15.333			15.118			14.992			336.295			146.522
KB421	42.608	41.601			38.358			36.158			28.967			24.621			22.316			18.524			15.992			14.647			13.680			12.055			11.500			10.929			212.313			119.643
KB611	48.979	53.301			52.968			52.505			42.654			33.031			32.983			26.594			22.772			20.618			18.937			16.196			15.071			13.850			283.438			167.020
样品号	ΣREE		LREE/ HREE			Rb			Ba			Th			U			Nb			Ta			K			La			Ce			Pb			Pr			Sr			P			Nd
KB111	255.029		1.428			20.953			6.148			12.400			23.034			6.100			6.476			19.275			10.883			10.494			17.987			10.000			8.216			15.484			9.256
KB211	211.984		1.46			10.313			19.582			7.286			16.167			5.720			7.040			10.935			9.006			8.777			23.453			8.339			27.095			2.978			7.893
KB221	170.092		1.216			20.033			15.476			3.698			10.266			3.678			5.016			14.288			6.302			6.232			24.213			6.019			18.513			2.120			5.826
KB411	482.817		2.295			134.533			56.273			65.535			81.330			13.185			14.638			67.958			29.935			27.045			50.360			23.260			34.513			19.251			19.776
KB421	331.956		1.774			55.200			27.897			33.484			47.616			8.100			9.297			41.295			15.583			15.200			59.693			14.346			35.668			12.051			13.509
KB611	450.458		1.697			21.567			21.091			16.994			21.911			9.660			9.956			24.353			17.914			19.475			40.813			19.811			34.191			27.022			19.616
样品号	Zr	Hf		Sm			Eu			Ti			Gd			Tb			Dy			Y			Ho			Er			Tm			Yb			Lu			Sr/Y			La/Yb			Lu/Yb
KB111	6.434	5.825		7.892			7.191			4.357			6.460			5.630			5.098			4.963			4.821			4.644			4.265			4.429			4.376			7.66			3.61			0.15
KB211	4.234	4.040		6.616			6.097			3.255			5.544			4.855			4.392			3.661			4.086			3.831			3.388			3.371			3.129			34.25			3.93			0.14
KB221	2.399	2.675		5.202			5.108			3.371			4.467			4.097			3.825			3.235			3.659			3.505			3.215			3.222			3.046			26.48			2.87			0.14
KB411	13.078	10.551		14.010			10.594			6.496			10.088			8.208			7.077			6.070			6.566			6.265			5.750			5.828			5.641			26.31			7.55			0.15
KB421	7.056	6.266		10.916			9.273			8.269			8.430			6.998			6.027			4.981			5.564			5.169			4.521			4.433			4.113			33.14			5.17			0.14
KB611	5.378	5.455		16.074			12.440			9.316			12.460			10.046			8.582			6.926			7.832			7.155			6.074			5.810			5.212			22.85			4.53			0.14

图4 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的SiO2-(Na2O+K2O)图(底图据文献[9])

Fig.4 SiO2-(Na2O+K2O) diagram of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

图5 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的SiO2-K2O图(底图据文献[10])

Fig.5 SiO2-K2O diagram of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

图6 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图(标准化数值据文献[11])

Fig.6 Chondrite-normalized REE patterns diagram of intermediate basic rocks from the Kawabulak complex

图7 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩的微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图(标准化数值据文献[11])

Fig.7 Primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagram of intermediate basic rocks from the Kawabulak complex

表2 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩Sr-Nd同位素组成

Table 2 Sr-Nd isotopic data of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

样品号	Rb/(μg/g)	Sr/(μg/g)	⁸⁷Rb/ ⁸⁶Sr	⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr ±2σ	(⁸⁷Sr/ ⁸⁶Sr)_i	¹⁴³Nd/ ¹⁴⁴Nd	¹⁴⁷Sm/ ¹⁴⁴Nd	(¹⁴³Nd/ ¹⁴⁴Nd)_i	ε_Nd(0)	ε_Nd(_t₎	T_DM /Ma
KB2-2-1	12.02	368.40	0.095 6	0.709 4±0.000 005	0.709	0.512 5	0.018 4	0.513	-1.06	7.45	449
KB2-1-1	6.19	539.20	0.033 6	0.705 8±0.000 004	0.706	0.512 6	0.013 0	0.513	-0.57	8.21	418
KB6-1-1	12.94	680.40	0.055 7	0.706 4±0.000 005	0.706	0.512 5	0.009 9	0.512	-2.08	6.84	469
KB4-1-1	80.72	686.80	0.344 6	0.707 6±0.000 004	0.706	0.512 5	0.008 0	0.513	-1.90	7.11	458
KB4-2-1	33.12	709.80	0.136 8	0.706 8±0.000 005	0.706	0.512 6	0.005 7	0.513	0.64	9.76	358

表3 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩Pb同位素组成

Table 3 Pb isotopic compositions of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

样品号	Pb/(μg/g)	Th/(μg/g)	U/(μg/g)	²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb	(²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i	(²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i	(²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb)_i
KB2-2-1	3.63	0.29	0.21	18.478 3	15.604 4	38.315 4	18.235	15.591	38.207
KB2-1-1	3.52	0.58	0.33	18.474 2	15.601 1	38.257 5	18.078	15.580	38.037
KB6-1-1	6.12	1.35	0.44	18.547 9	15.607 3	38.399 2	18.239	15.591	38.104
KB4-1-1	7.55	5.21	1.65	18.943 4	15.623 7	38.793 1	18.015	15.573	37.871
KB4-2-1	8.95	2.66	0.97	18.669 4	15.617 4	38.482 8	18.211	15.593	38.085

图8 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩Sr-Nd同位素成分变化图

Fig.8 Sr-Nd isotopic compositions diagram of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

图9 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩La-La/Sm图解(底图据文献[13])

Fig.9 La-La/Sm diagram of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

图10 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩Pb同位素图解 (a)206Pb/204Pb-207Pb/204Pb构造图解(底图据Zartman等 [15]);(b)206Pb/204Pb-207Pb/204Pb源区判别图;(c)206Pb/204Pb-208Pb/204Pb源区判别图;Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ分区引自文献[16];A、B、C、D分区引自文献[17],分别代表地幔、造山带、上部地壳和下部地壳;UC.上地壳;LC.下地壳;OR.造山带;OIV.洋岛火山岩

Fig.10 Pb isotopic compositions diagram of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

图11 卡瓦布拉克杂岩带中-基性岩微量元素构造环境判别图 (a)底图据文献[18]:IAB.岛弧拉斑玄武岩;MORB.大洋中脊玄武岩;WPB.板内玄武岩。 (b) 底图据文献[21]:A.岛弧拉斑玄武岩;B.MORB、岛弧拉斑玄武岩和钙碱性玄武岩;C.钙碱性玄武岩;D.板内玄武岩。 (c) 底图据文献[21]:A.N-MORB;B.E-MORB和板内拉斑玄武岩;C.板内碱性玄武岩;D.火山弧玄武岩。(d) 底图据文献[21];AI区,板内碱性玄武岩;AII区,板内碱性和拉斑玄武岩;B区,E-MORB;C区,火山弧玄武岩和板内拉斑玄武岩;D区,火山弧玄武岩

Fig.11 Trace element diagrams for discrimination of structural environments of intermediate basic rocks in the Kawabulak complex

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