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现代地质 ›› 2012, Vol. 26 ›› Issue (1): 114-124.

• 水文地质学与环境地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国东部主要入海河流As元素分布、来源及影响因素分析

 柳青青1, 杨忠芳1, 周国华2, 夏学齐1, 侯青叶1, 余涛1, 翟大兴3   

  1. 1中国地质大学 地球科学与资源学院，北京，100083；2中国地质科学院 地球物理地球化学勘查研究所，河北 廊坊，065000；3浙江省地质调查院，浙江 杭州，311203
  • 收稿日期:2011-10-28 修回日期:2011-12-21 出版日期:2012-02-22 发布日期:2012-02-25
  • 通讯作者: 杨忠芳，女，教授，博士生导师，1961年出生，地球化学专业，主要从事环境地球化学与生态地球化学研究工作。Email：zfyang@up.point.com。
  • 作者简介:柳青青，女，硕士研究生，1986年出生，地球化学专业，主要从事环境地球化学与生态地球化学研究工作。Email：liuxuxuan221@sina.cn。
  • 基金资助:

    国家专项“全国土壤现状调查及污染防治”下属工作项目“沿海经济带区域生态地球化学评价”项目(GZTR20060206)。

Distribution, Sources and Impact Factors of Arsenic in the Major Rivers of Eastern China

 LIU  Jing-Jing-1, YANG  Zhong-Fang-1, ZHOU  Guo-Hua-2, JIA  Hua-Ji-1, HOU  Jing-Xie-1, TU  Chao-1, DI  Da-Xin-3   

  1. 1School of Earth Sciences and Resources，China University of Geosciences，Beijing,100083，China；
    2Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration，Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences，Langfang，Hebei,065000，China；3Zhejiang Institute of Geological Survey，Hangzhou，Zhejiang,311203，China
  • Received:2011-10-28 Revised:2011-12-21 Online:2012-02-22 Published:2012-02-25

PDF (PC)

2344

被引次数

46

摘要：

为查明中国河流中As等重金属元素的分布规律，于2007—2008年分丰水期和枯水期对中国东部30余条入海河流水体、悬浮物统一进行采样分析。结果表明：东部河流中As元素溶解态含量均值为3.1 μg/L，同世界河流相比，明显偏高；且频率分布直方图具有多个峰值，反映出明显的人为污染。利用富集系数的研究表明，悬浮物同样受到较明显的人为污染。As在河水中的迁移形式以溶解态为主，pH值和温度对As的迁移形式有明显影响。流域内岩石类型对河流中As含量影响显著，火山岩、火山碎屑岩类广泛分布的流域河水中As含量明显偏高，花岗岩及中、深变质岩广泛分布的流域河流中As含量则偏小。利用生活、工业污水作为As元素人为来源端元，对海河、黄河、长江、珠江等河流人为源进行了估算，分别为46.7%、18.7%、13.5%、8.3%。

关键词: 砷元素, 分布, 来源, 人为污染, 中国东部河流

Abstract:

This paper aims to investigate the concentration, partitioning and sources of As in the major rivers of eastern China.Samples of filtered water and suspended particulate matter were sampled, from more than 30 rivers at the lower reaches in 2007 and 2008.The results indicated that the concentration of dissolved As is averaged to 3.1 μg/L, significantly higher than most other rivers in the world.The frequency distribution histogram with more than one peak showed that most of the rivers have been obviously polluted by anthropogenic activities, which was also confirmed by the enrichment factors (EF) of the suspended particulate matter samples.The partitioning of As in the river was dominated by the dissolved phase other than the particulate one.The distribution of As in the two phases was controlled by water pH and temperature.The concentration of As is also influenced by rock type in the river basins and is significantly higher in the rivers whose catchments were mostly covered by volcanic and pyroclactic rocks, whereas the content was relatively lower in the rivers with their catchments covered by the granite and metamorphic rocks.The sources of anthropogenic pollution of typical rivers were presumed mainly coming from industrial and domestic waste water. The order of main four rivers contribution was that, Haihe(46.7%)＞Huanghe(18.7%)＞Changjiang(13.5%)＞Zhujiang(8.3%)

 

Key words: arsenic(As), distribution, source, anthropogenic pollution, rivers of eastern China

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