滨海平原区深层高氟地下水富集机理:以滦河三角洲为例

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.029

现代地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (04): 925-932.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.029

滨海平原区深层高氟地下水富集机理:以滦河三角洲为例

张卓¹^,²(), 陈社明¹^,²(), 柳富田¹^,², 高志鹏³, 牛笑童¹

1.中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津 300170
2.华北地质科技创新中心,天津 300170
3.中国地质大学(北京)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,北京 100083

收稿日期:2022-02-18 修回日期:2022-06-20 出版日期:2023-08-10 发布日期:2023-09-02
通讯作者: 陈社明,男,博士,高级工程师,1985年出生,水文学及水资源专业,主要从事水资源及水文地质方面的研究。Email: tjdzdczx2013@126.com。
作者简介:陈社明,男,博士,高级工程师,1985年出生,水文学及水资源专业,主要从事水资源及水文地质方面的研究。Email: tjdzdczx2013@126.com。
张卓,男,博士,助理研究员,1991年出生,水文地质学专业,主要从事水文地球化学研究。Email: zhangzhuo@mail.cgs.gov.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(42102298);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190338)

Enrichment Mechanism of Deep Groundwater with High Fluoride in Coastal Plains: A Case Study of the Luanhe Delta

ZHANG Zhuo¹^,²(), CHEN Sheming¹^,²(), LIU Futian¹^,², GAO Zhipeng³, NIU Xiaotong¹

1. Tianjin Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China
2. North China Geological Science and Technology Innovation Center, Tianjin 300170, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China

Received:2022-02-18 Revised:2022-06-20 Online:2023-08-10 Published:2023-09-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

河北滨海平原区深层含水层存在高氟地下水,严重威胁居民用水安全。为查明其富集机理,本研究在现场采集69个深层地下水样品,对比分析低氟和高氟地下水的水化学和同位素特征。结果表明,高氟地下水主要存在于HCO₃-Na型地下水中,而低氟地下水化学类型以HCO₃-Ca·Na为主。PHREEQC饱和指数计算结果表明,地下水中萤石多为不饱和状态,方解石多为过饱和状态,这说明Ca²⁺形成方解石沉淀有助于萤石的溶解,后者是地下水中F^-的主要来源。线性回归结果表明,深层地下水Ca²⁺和Na⁺之间发生阳离子交换作用,这一过程能够减少地下水中Ca²⁺含量,进一步促进CaF₂溶解。深层地下水中F^-与pH和 $HCO 3 -$ 有较好的正相关性,表明微碱性环境和高含量 $HCO 3 -$ 有利于F^-发生解吸附。此外,深层地下水中F^-和Li含量呈显著的正相关,说明研究区地热水的混合作用可能直接影响深层地下水F^-的富集。对比深层地下水与海水的水化学和同位素特征,发现研究区深层地下水氟富集不受海水入侵影响。

关键词: 滨海平原区, 高氟地下水, 分布特征, 水岩相互作用, 河北省

Abstract:

High F^- groundwater has been found in deep aquifers of the coastal plain region, which seriously threatens the domestic water safety. To ascertain its enrichment mechanism, sixty-nine groundwater samples on site were collected for hydrochemical and isotopic analyses of the low- and high-fluoride groundwater. The results show that high fluoride groundwater mainly exists in Na-HCO₃-type groundwater, while the chemical type of low-fluoride groundwater is mainly Ca·Na-HCO₃. Saturation index calculation shows that the groundwater samples are mostly fluorite undersaturated but calcite oversaturated. This indicates that fluorite dissolution is favored with precipitations of Ca²⁺ as calcite, thus leading to higher F^- level in the groundwater. The linear regression results show that cation exchange occurred between Ca²⁺ and Na⁺ in deep groundwater, which could decrease the groundwater Ca²⁺ content and further promote the CaF₂ dissolution. There is good positive correlations between F^- and pH and $HCO 3 -$ in deep groundwater, indicating that the slightly alkaline environment and high $HCO 3 -$ content are beneficial to F^- desorption. In addition, there is strong positive F^- vs. Li correlation in deep groundwater, which also indicates that the local mixing of geothermal water may directly affect the F^- enrichment in deep groundwater. Comparing the hydrochemical and isotopic characteristics of deep groundwater with seawater, we found that the local F^- enrichment of deep groundwater is unaffected by seawater intrusion.

Key words: coastal plain, fluoride groundwater, distribution characteristic, water-rock interaction, Hebei Province

中图分类号:

P641.1

张卓, 陈社明, 柳富田, 高志鹏, 牛笑童. 滨海平原区深层高氟地下水富集机理:以滦河三角洲为例[J]. 现代地质, 2023, 37(04): 925-932.

ZHANG Zhuo, CHEN Sheming, LIU Futian, GAO Zhipeng, NIU Xiaotong. Enrichment Mechanism of Deep Groundwater with High Fluoride in Coastal Plains: A Case Study of the Luanhe Delta[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(04): 925-932.

图/表 7

图1 地下水采样点分布

Fig.1 Distribution of groundwater sampling spots

图2 Piper三线图(单位: %)

Fig.2 Piper ternary diagrams(unit: %)

图3 δD-δ18O散点图

Fig.3 Bivariate plot of δD vs. δ18O

图4 地下水方解石和萤石饱和指数的关系图(a)、地下水中F-活度和Ca2+活度的关系图((b),底图据文献[16])

Fig.4 Plots of SIfluorite vs. SIcalcite(a)and activities of Ca2+ with F- concentrations((b), basemap after ref.[16])

图5 Ca2++Mg2+- SO 4 2 -- HCO 3 -和Na++K+-Cl-的散点图

Fig.5 Bivariate plot of Ca2++Mg2+- SO 4 2 -- HCO 3 - vs.Na++K+-Cl-

图6 地下水F-含量和Na+/(Ca2+)0.5(物质的量比)(a)、pH(b)、 HCO 3 -(c)以及Li(d)的关系图

Fig.6 Relationships between groundwater F- and Na+/(Ca2+)0.5 (a), pH (b), HCO 3 - (c), and Li (d)

图7 Cl-/ HCO 3 -质量浓度比值和Cl-质量浓度的散点图

Fig.7 Bivariate plot of the Cl-/ HCO 3 - vs. Cl-

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滨海平原区深层高氟地下水富集机理:以滦河三角洲为例

Enrichment Mechanism of Deep Groundwater with High Fluoride in Coastal Plains: A Case Study of the Luanhe Delta

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