滇西南把边江断裂带流域地貌特征与构造活动的关系

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.129

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

把边江断裂位于滇西南地震多发区,为非边界断裂且历史上未曾发生过大地震,对其构造活动特征认识不足。在野外调查基础上,基于数字高程模型提取把边江断裂区域地形参数和流域盆地面积-高程积分(HI)值,探讨研究区地形地貌的主控因素,定量分析把边江断裂带流域地貌特征与构造活动的关系。结果表明:构造活动是区域地貌特征的主要控制因素,研究区地形起伏度和面积-高程积分(HI)值反映把边江断裂构造活动存在分段差异,北段活动性较强,中段相对最弱。断裂东西两侧HI值呈现“东高西低”的差异特征,指示东盘相对西盘构造抬升,反映断裂的逆断活动。研究认为把边江断裂活动特征主要为逆断兼右旋走滑,地貌参数对构造活动形成响应。

关键词: 把边江断裂, 地貌参数, 面积-高程积分, 构造活动, 滇西南

Abstract:

The Babianjiang Fault is located in a seismically active region of southwestern Yunnan. As a non-boundary fault with no historical records of major earthquakes, its tectonic activity remains poorly understood. Based on field investigations, this study extracts topographic parameters and hypsometric integral (HI) values of drainage basins in the Babianjiang Fault Zone using a digital elevation model (DEM). It aims to explore the dominant factors controlling regional topography and geomorphology, and quantitatively analyze the relationship between fluvial geomorphic characteristics and tectonic activity in the Babianjiang Fault Zone. The results indicate that tectonic activity is the primary control on regional geomorphic features. Spatial variations in topographic relief and HI values reveal significant along-strike segmentation in the fault’s tectonic activity: the northern segment is more active, whereas the central segment is relatively weaker. Notably, HI values across the fault show an “east-high, west-low” asymmetric pattern, suggesting that the eastern block has experienced relative tectonic uplift compared to the western block-indicating reverse faulting activity. This study concludes that the Babianjiang Fault is primarily characterized by reverse faulting with a dextral strike-slip component, and geomorphic parameters clearly respond to its tectonic activity.

Key words: Babianjiang fault, geomorphic parameters, hypsometric integral, tectonic activity, SouthwestYunnan

中图分类号:

P54
P512.31

田鹏, 周青云, 白仙富, 罗伟东, 刘婧楠. 滇西南把边江断裂带流域地貌特征与构造活动的关系[J]. 现代地质, 2025, 39(04): 898-907.

TIAN Peng, ZHOU Qingyun, BAI Xianfu, LUO Weidong, LIU Jingnan. Fluvial Geomorphological Characteristics and Their Relationship with Tectonic Activity in the Babianjiang Fault Zone, Southwest Yunnan[J]. Geoscience, 2025, 39(04): 898-907.

图/表 10

图1 把边江断裂区域构造地貌图(据文献[2]和[3]修改)

Fig.1 Regional tectonic geomorphological map of the Babianjiang Fault Zone (after references [2] and [3])

图2 断裂发育的典型地貌特征 (a)研究区线性槽谷;(b)研究区鞍状地貌;(c)大文海村断层三角面

Fig.2 Typical geomorphic features of the active fault zone

图3 Hack地貌演化模型(改自文献[6])

Fig.3 Hack’s geomorphic evolution model (modified from reference [6])

图4 研究区地形起伏度

Fig.4 Topographic relief amplitude of the study area

图5 条带状地形剖面

Fig.5 Swath topographic profiles

图6 流域盆地分级图

Fig.6 Classification map of drainage basins

图7 研究区流域盆地HI值分布图

Fig.7 Distribution map of hypsometric integral (HI) values of drainage basins in the study area

图8 把边江断裂带流域面积-高程积分曲线形态

Fig.8 Morphology of hypsometric curves in the Babianjiang Fault Zone drainage basins

图9 研究区地层岩性分布图

Fig.9 Distribution map of stratigraphic lithology in the study area

图10 研究区年降雨量分布图

Fig.10 Distribution map of annual precipitation in the study area

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