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现代地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (05): 1209-1220.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.098

• 沉积盆地油气勘探与关键技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴达木盆地东部尕海南山地区新生代叠加褶皱与油气运移

马立成1,2,3,4(), 江万2,4, 施辉2,3,4, 胡俊杰2,3,4, 张浩2,3,4, 陈程3,4, 董敏3,4, 彭博2,3,4, 方欣欣2,3,4   

  1. 1.自然资源部古地磁与古构造重建重点实验室,北京 100081
    2.自然资源部深地科学与探测技术实验室,北京 100094
    3.中国地质调查局油气地质力学重点实验室,北京 100081
    4.中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081
  • 出版日期:2024-10-10 发布日期:2024-11-13
  • 作者简介:马立成,男,博士,正高级工程师,1977年出生,主要从事中—新生代构造变形对资源的控制作用研究。Email: malicheng2000@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20242211)

Relationship Between Cenozoic Superimposed Folds and Hydrocarbon Migration in the Gahainanshan Area, Eastern Qaidam Basin, China

MA Licheng1,2,3,4(), JIANG Wan2,4, SHI Hui2,3,4, HU Junjie2,3,4, ZHANG Hao2,3,4, CHEN Cheng3,4, DONG Min3,4, PENG Bo2,3,4, FANG Xinxin2,3,4   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Paleomagnetism and Tectonic Reconstruction,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100081, China
    2. Sinoprobe Laboratory, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100094, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Geomechanics, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100081, China
    4. Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Published:2024-10-10 Online:2024-11-13

摘要:

柴达木盆地石炭系主要分布于盆地东部地区,石炭系油气勘探已获重大发现,为柴达木盆地古生代油气勘探开启了新局面。柴达木盆地石炭系烃源岩在早二叠世进入生烃门限,以生油为主;古新世—上新世为石炭系主力生烃期,以产气为主。前人针对该盆地石炭系油气的赋存条件和成藏机理研究较少,为揭示柴达木盆地石炭系油气的有利成藏条件,本次选择柴达木盆地东部德令哈坳陷尕海南山地区开展石炭系油气成藏机理研究,在青德参1井中发现了石炭系克鲁克组和古近系上干柴沟组两套含油气层。依据区内构造要素统计分析、叠加构造填图、地震综合解释和油气成藏条件分析,揭示柴达木盆地东部尕海南山地区晚新生代发育早期北西—北西西向和晚期北北东—南南西向的叠加褶皱,北西—北西西向褶皱及断裂活动形成了石炭系晚期生烃的有利圈闭,北北东—南南西向构造挤压激活了先存的北西—北西西向断裂,并导致石炭系油气沿该断层向上运移至上干柴沟组形成次级含油气层,最终造就了尕海南山地区上下两套油气组合并存的特征。本研究对柴达木盆地石炭系油气勘探具有借鉴意义。

关键词: 柴达木盆地, 石炭系, 新生代, 叠加褶皱, 油气运移

Abstract:

The Carboniferous system in the Qaidam Basin is primarily distributed in the basin’s eastern region.Significant findings have been made in the exploration of Carboniferous hydrocarbons, ushering in a new era for Paleozoic hydrocarbon exploration in the Qaidam Basin.The Carboniferous source rocks in the Qaidam Basin exceeded the threshold for hydrocarbon generation during the Early Permian, with oil generation being the primary outcome.The Paleocene-Pliocene period was the primary hydrocarbon generation phase for the Carboniferous system, with a predominant focus on gas production.The Qingdecan First Well, deployed in the Gahainanshan area of the Delingha Depression in the eastern Qaidam area, encountered hydrocarbon displays in two layers: the Carboniferous Keluke Formation and the Paleogene Upper Ganchaigou Formation.Based on the statistical analysis of structural elements, mapping of superimposed structures, comprehensive seismic interpretation, and analysis of hydrocarbon reservoir conditions in the basin, we determined that the superimposed folds, formed by early northwest (northwest-west) trending folds and later northeast (northeast-east) trending folds, developed in the Gahainanshan area during the Late Cenozoic.The northwest (northwest-west) trending folds and fault structures have created favorable traps for the Carboniferous source rocks.The northeast (northeast-east) trending structural compression reactivated pre-existing faults, causing Carboniferous oil and gas to migrate upward along the fault, forming secondary hydrocarbon reservoirs in the Shangganchaigou Formation.Ultimately, we established the signature of the coexistence of two oil and gas combinations in the Gahainanshan area.This study has reference significance for the exploration of Carboniferous hydrocarbon in the Qaidam Basin.

Key words: Qaidam Basin, Carboniferous, Cenozoic, superimposed folds, hydrocarbon migration

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