湘南大义山地区中—新生代变形序列及其动力学背景

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.063

现代地质 ›› 2024, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (04): 1092-1108.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.063

• 构造物理化学控矿机理与找矿应用 • 上一篇下一篇

湘南大义山地区中—新生代变形序列及其动力学背景

陈志友¹(), 曾广乾²(), 柏道远², 姚泽钰¹, 王灵珏², 文春华², 陈旭², 王勇²^,³, 李彬²^,³, 黄乐清²^,⁴^,⁵, 陈剑锋², 梁恩云², 许若潮², 马慧英², 向轲²

1.西南能矿建设工程有限公司,贵州贵阳 550081
2.湖南省地质调查所,湖南长沙 410014
3.中南大学地球科学与信息物理学院,湖南长沙 410083
4.古生物与地质环境演化湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉 430205
5.中国地质大学(武汉)地质调查研究院,湖北武汉 430074

出版日期:2024-08-10 发布日期:2024-10-16
通信作者: 曾广乾, 男, 博士, 高级工程师, 1990年出生, 主要从事区域构造地质学与矿田构造地质学研究。Email: 408164602@qq.com。
作者简介:陈志友, 男, 高级工程师, 1980年出生, 主要从事矿产勘查及相关研究。Email: 389424086@qq.com。
基金资助:
湖南省地质院科研项目(HNGSTP202323);湖南省地质院科研项目(HNGSTP202317);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20230055);湖南省自然资源厅科研项目(20230102DZ)

Mesozoic and Cenozoic Deformation Sequences and Their Dynamic Background in the Danyishan Area, Southern Hunan

CHEN Zhiyou¹(), ZENG Guangqian²(), BAI Daoyuan², YAO Zeyu¹, WANG Lingjue², WEN Chunhua², CHEN Xu², WANG Yong²^,³, LI Bin²^,³, HUANG Leqing²^,⁴^,⁵, CHEN Jianfeng², LIANG Enyun², XU Ruochao², MA Huiying², XIANG Ke²

1. Southwest Energy and Mine Construction Engineering Co., Ltd., Guiyang, Guizhou 550081, China
2. Geological Survey Institute of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan 410014, China
3. School of Geosciences and Info-physics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China
4. Hubei Key Laboratory of Paleontology and Geological Environment Evolution, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, China
5. Institute of Geological Survey, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China

Published:2024-08-10 Online:2024-10-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大义山地区处于南岭构造带与钦杭构造带结合部位,自早中生代以来发育多方向、不同类型的构造,这些变形的先后序次对理解湘南及邻区的构造演化过程具有基础性意义,然而目前其构造变形特征和应力场演替过程仍缺乏精细剖析。本文运用构造解析方法对大义山地区地表基岩中的剪切破裂和褶皱等构造要素进行分期和配套,利用赤平投影法恢复剪切破裂的古构造应力场,结合中—新生代华南大地构造演化历史,厘定了研究区5期构造变形事件及其动力学背景:第1期NEE—SWW向挤压(D₁)发生于中三叠世晚期印支运动早幕,其动力学背景可能为多板块围限下的扬子克拉通与华夏地块间继发性陆内俯冲汇聚,而局部与区域挤压方向的差异性,可能与NW向邵阳—郴州断裂左行走滑派生的近E—W向挤压应力场及走滑所产生的逆时针牵引作用有关;第2期近S—N向挤压(D₂)形成于晚三叠世—早侏罗世印支运动晚幕,可能与华北克拉通向南的挤压和思茅—印支地块向北的挤压有关;第3期 NWW—SEE向挤压(D₃)为中侏罗世晚期早燕山运动的产物,其动力来源于古太平洋板块(或伊泽奈崎板块)对华南大陆的西向俯冲;第4期与岩浆作用相关变形(D₄)包括褶皱、挤压面理、肿缩构造和张剪性破裂等,可能受制于早燕山运动后造山阶段晚侏罗世花岗质岩浆沿不同方向基底断裂的幕式上侵和侧向流动;第5期 N(N)E—S(S)W向挤压(D₅)发生于古近纪中晚期,可能与先存NNE向断裂带右行走滑所派生的局部挤压应力场有关,其动力学机制可能为印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞而引发的青藏高原物质东向逃逸。进一步分析认为,NW向邵阳—郴州断裂最强烈的走滑活动可能发生在印支运动早幕,并由此奠定了断裂周缘中—新生代构造格架。

关键词: 中—新生代, 构造变形, 构造应力场, 变形序列, 构造演化, 大义山地区

Abstract:

The Dayishan area is located at the junction of the Nanling tectonic belt and the Qinhang tectonic belt.It has developed multi-directional and different types of structural systems since the Early Mesozoic.Studying the deformation sequences is essential for better understanding of the tectonic evolution along and adjacent to South Hunan.However, detailed analysis of the deformation characteristics and evolution of the stress field remains unsolved.This study employs structural analysis to correlate structural elements such as shear fractures and folds in the bedrock of the Dayishan area.The paleo-stress field of shear fractures is reconstructed using the lower hemisphere stereographic projection method.Combining the regional tectonic evolution history of South China in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, this study defines five deformation events based on their dynamic backgrounds.The first phase (D₁) of NEE-SWW compression, occurring during the early stages of the Indosinian Movement (late Middle Triassic), resulted from the oblique intraplate under-thrusting of the Yangtze Craton beneath the Cathaysia Block in a multi-plate confining setting.The difference in local and regional shortening directions may be related to the E-W compressional stress field derived from the NW-trending Shao-yang-Chenzhou fault and the sinistral drag caused by strike-slip motion.The second phase (D₂) of S-N compression formed during the late stage of the Indosinian Movement (Late Triassic to Early Jurassic).This phase may be related to the southward compression of the North China Craton and northward compression of the Simao-Indochina Block.The third phase (D₃) of NWW-SEE compression occurred during the Early Yanshanian Movement (latest Middle Jurassic).This phase was driven by the westward subduction of the Palaeo-Pacific Plate, or the Izanazaki Plate, beneath the South China Block.The fourth phase (D₄) of magmatism-related deformation includes folding, tectonic foliations, pinch-and-swell structures, and tension-shear fractures.These structures are possibly related to episodic upward invasion and lateral flow of Late Jurassic granitic magmas along variously orientated basement faults during the post-orogenic stage of the Early Yanshanian Movement.The fifth phase (D₅) of N(N)E-S(S)W compression occurred during the Middle and Late Paleogene.This phase may be related to the local compressive stress field derived from dextral strike-slip motion along previous NNE-trending fault zones.Its dynamic mechanism may be the eastward escape of the Tibetan Plateau caused by the collision between the Indian and Eurasian plates.Further analysis suggests that the strongest strike-slip motion of the Shaoyang-Chenzhou fault zone might have occurred in the early stage of the Indosinian Movement, thereby establishing the tectonic framework of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic in the surrounding area of this fault zone.

Key words: Mesozoic and Cenozoic, structural deformation, tectonic stress field, deformation sequence, tectonic evolution, Dayishan area

中图分类号:

陈志友, 曾广乾, 柏道远, 姚泽钰, 王灵珏, 文春华, 陈旭, 王勇, 李彬, 黄乐清, 陈剑锋, 梁恩云, 许若潮, 马慧英, 向轲. 湘南大义山地区中—新生代变形序列及其动力学背景[J]. 现代地质, 2024, 38(04): 1092-1108.

CHEN Zhiyou, ZENG Guangqian, BAI Daoyuan, YAO Zeyu, WANG Lingjue, WEN Chunhua, CHEN Xu, WANG Yong, LI Bin, HUANG Leqing, CHEN Jianfeng, LIANG Enyun, XU Ruochao, MA Huiying, XIANG Ke. Mesozoic and Cenozoic Deformation Sequences and Their Dynamic Background in the Danyishan Area, Southern Hunan[J]. Geoscience, 2024, 38(04): 1092-1108.

图/表 10

图1 大义山地区大地构造位置图(a)(据李剑锋等[42]修改)、湘南主要断裂系统图(b)(据柏道远等[21]修改)及大义山区域地质简图(c) 图1(b):ACF.安化—城步断裂; CAF.常德—安仁断裂; CCF.茶陵—郴州断裂; HSF.灰汤—邵阳断裂; LHF.连云山—衡阳断裂; SCF.邵阳—郴州断裂; XLF.新宁—蓝山断裂; YTF.阳明山—塔山断裂。图1(c):F1.邵阳—郴州断裂; F2.阳明山—塔山断裂; F3.茶陵—郴州断裂; F4.陈坪断裂; F5.泗洲山断裂; F6.大宝上—南沅岭断裂; F7.党田—天堂断裂; F8.黄狮堰断裂; F9.悦来圩断裂; F10.南阳断裂

Fig. 1 Maps showing the tectonic location (a)(modified after Li et al.[42]), positioning in the fault system in southern Hunan (b)(modified after Bai et al.[21])and regional geological sketch (c)of Dayishan area

图2 大义山地区地质图及构造观测点分布[42]

Fig.2 Geological map of the Dayishan area with the distribution of structural observation sites[42]

表1 大义山地区中、新生代构造应力场统计

Table 1 Statistics of Mesozoic to Cenozoic stress field in the Dayishan area

构造点	经度(E)	纬度(N)	岩性	σ₁	σ₂	σ₃	构造体制
D15	112°37'33″	26°11'10″	泥盆系灰岩	71°∠11°	199°∠72°	337°∠13°	NEE—SWW 向挤压
D34	112°36'38″	26°12'14″	石炭系灰岩	56°∠3°	154°∠79°	325°∠10°
SC03-1	112°35'26″	26°15'08″	泥盆系灰岩	250°∠24°	56°∠64°	156°∠6°
SC08	112°36'40″	26°11'26″	泥盆系灰岩	66°∠6°	278°∠72°	156°∠3°
SC11-1	112°37'37″	26°10'40″	泥盆系矽卡岩化灰岩	245°∠3°	126°∠85°	335°∠4°
D05	112°36'05″	26°12'22″	石炭系灰岩	331°∠11°	212°∠68°	64°∠18°	近S—N 向挤压
SC01-1	112°33'38″	26°17'06″	石炭系灰岩	8°∠17°	217°∠70°	101°∠9°
SC03-2	112°35'26″	26°15'08″	泥盆系灰岩	188°∠21°	41°∠65°	283°∠12°
SC06-1	112°36'09″	26°12'03″	石炭系灰岩	181°∠7°	309°∠80°	90°∠8°
SC11-2	112°37'37″	26°10'40″	泥盆系矽卡岩化灰岩	181°∠6°	312°∠82°	90°∠5°
SC03-3	112°35'26″	26°15'08″	泥盆系灰岩	299°∠7°	90°∠83°	209°∠3°	NWW—SEE 向挤压
SC06-2	112°36'09″	26°12'03″	石炭系灰岩	273°∠36°	71°∠50°	174°∠11°
SC11-3	112°37'37″	26°10'40″	泥盆系矽卡岩化灰岩	95°∠26°	196°∠17°	312°∠57°
D24	112°37'30″	26°10'59″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	5°∠56°	182°∠33°	273°∠2°	岩浆动力
SC09	112°36'49″	26°11'20″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	139°∠62°	352°∠21°	256°∠16°
SC10-1	112°37'06″	26°11'49″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	222°∠48°	349°∠30°	98°∠27°
SC12	112°39'57″	26°07'38″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	174°∠71°	58°∠9°	324°∠16°
SC13	112°40'03″	26°07'41″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	294°∠47°	46°∠20°	152°∠37°
D30	112°36'29″	26°11'59″	石炭系灰岩	34°∠31°	240°∠57°	132°∠22°	N(N)E— S(S)W 向挤压
SC01-2	112°33'38″	26°17'06″	石炭系灰岩	50°∠18°	320°∠0°	230°∠72°
SC04-1	112°35'18″	26°14'46″	泥盆系灰岩	26°∠22°	218°∠67°	118°∠4°
SC04-2	112°35'18″	26°14'46″	泥盆系灰岩	57°∠13°	184°∠69°	324°∠17°
SC06-3	112°36'09″	26°12'03″	石炭系灰岩	207°∠16°	38°∠66°	300°∠7°
SC07	112°36'22″	26°11'56″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	46°∠25°	276°∠54°	149°∠24°
SC10-2	112°37'06″	26°11'49″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	52°∠3°	281°∠86°	142°∠3°
SC10-3	112°37'06″	26°11'49″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	52°∠9°	250°∠81°	143°∠4°
SC15	112°34'56″	26°14'06″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	49°∠1°	316°∠85°	140°∠6°
SC16	112°29'00″	26°16'12″	石炭系砂岩	20°∠31°	251°∠48°	128°∠28°

表1 大义山地区中、新生代构造应力场统计

Table 1 Statistics of Mesozoic to Cenozoic stress field in the Dayishan area

构造点	经度(E)	纬度(N)	岩性	σ₁	σ₂	σ₃	构造体制
D15	112°37'33″	26°11'10″	泥盆系灰岩	71°∠11°	199°∠72°	337°∠13°	NEE—SWW 向挤压
D34	112°36'38″	26°12'14″	石炭系灰岩	56°∠3°	154°∠79°	325°∠10°
SC03-1	112°35'26″	26°15'08″	泥盆系灰岩	250°∠24°	56°∠64°	156°∠6°
SC08	112°36'40″	26°11'26″	泥盆系灰岩	66°∠6°	278°∠72°	156°∠3°
SC11-1	112°37'37″	26°10'40″	泥盆系矽卡岩化灰岩	245°∠3°	126°∠85°	335°∠4°
D05	112°36'05″	26°12'22″	石炭系灰岩	331°∠11°	212°∠68°	64°∠18°	近S—N 向挤压
SC01-1	112°33'38″	26°17'06″	石炭系灰岩	8°∠17°	217°∠70°	101°∠9°
SC03-2	112°35'26″	26°15'08″	泥盆系灰岩	188°∠21°	41°∠65°	283°∠12°
SC06-1	112°36'09″	26°12'03″	石炭系灰岩	181°∠7°	309°∠80°	90°∠8°
SC11-2	112°37'37″	26°10'40″	泥盆系矽卡岩化灰岩	181°∠6°	312°∠82°	90°∠5°
SC03-3	112°35'26″	26°15'08″	泥盆系灰岩	299°∠7°	90°∠83°	209°∠3°	NWW—SEE 向挤压
SC06-2	112°36'09″	26°12'03″	石炭系灰岩	273°∠36°	71°∠50°	174°∠11°
SC11-3	112°37'37″	26°10'40″	泥盆系矽卡岩化灰岩	95°∠26°	196°∠17°	312°∠57°
D24	112°37'30″	26°10'59″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	5°∠56°	182°∠33°	273°∠2°	岩浆动力
SC09	112°36'49″	26°11'20″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	139°∠62°	352°∠21°	256°∠16°
SC10-1	112°37'06″	26°11'49″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	222°∠48°	349°∠30°	98°∠27°
SC12	112°39'57″	26°07'38″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	174°∠71°	58°∠9°	324°∠16°
SC13	112°40'03″	26°07'41″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	294°∠47°	46°∠20°	152°∠37°
D30	112°36'29″	26°11'59″	石炭系灰岩	34°∠31°	240°∠57°	132°∠22°	N(N)E— S(S)W 向挤压
SC01-2	112°33'38″	26°17'06″	石炭系灰岩	50°∠18°	320°∠0°	230°∠72°
SC04-1	112°35'18″	26°14'46″	泥盆系灰岩	26°∠22°	218°∠67°	118°∠4°
SC04-2	112°35'18″	26°14'46″	泥盆系灰岩	57°∠13°	184°∠69°	324°∠17°
SC06-3	112°36'09″	26°12'03″	石炭系灰岩	207°∠16°	38°∠66°	300°∠7°
SC07	112°36'22″	26°11'56″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	46°∠25°	276°∠54°	149°∠24°
SC10-2	112°37'06″	26°11'49″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	52°∠3°	281°∠86°	142°∠3°
SC10-3	112°37'06″	26°11'49″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	52°∠9°	250°∠81°	143°∠4°
SC15	112°34'56″	26°14'06″	晚侏罗世花岗岩	49°∠1°	316°∠85°	140°∠6°
SC16	112°29'00″	26°16'12″	石炭系砂岩	20°∠31°	251°∠48°	128°∠28°

图3 不同构造观测点的古构造应力特征 (a)第1期NEE—SWW向挤压(D1);(b)第2期近S—N向挤压(D2);(c)第3期NWW—SEE向挤压(D3);(d)第4期岩浆作用相关变形(D4);(e)第5期N(N)E—S(S)W向挤压(D5);σ1、σ2和σ3分别为最大、中间和最小应力轴; PDZ.主位移带; R.里德尔剪裂; S.压性面理(劈理)

Fig.3 Features of paleo-stress at different structural observation sites

图4 NEE—SWW向挤压应力场形成的变形特征 (a)—(c)泥盆系—石炭系中NE向破裂面上缓倾擦痕与正阶步示右行剪切;(d)泥盆系中NWW向破裂面上水平擦痕与正、反阶步示左行走滑;(e)泥盆系矽卡岩化灰岩中NE向剪切破裂右行切错NNW向劈理,二者均被矽卡岩同期方解石充填;箭头代表擦痕和对盘运动方向(下图同)

Fig.4 Typical deformation features under the NEE-SWW compression

图5 近S—N向挤压应力场形成的变形特征 (a)石炭系中NW向破裂面上水平擦痕与正阶步示右行剪切;(b)石炭系中NE向破裂面上缓倾擦痕与正阶步示左行走滑;(c)(d)泥盆系—石炭系NW向破裂面上水平擦痕与正阶步(P-R组合)示右行剪切,该组破裂被D3期破裂穿切;(e)沿NW向剪切破裂面发育矽卡岩化;(f)循D3期NE向破裂发育矽卡岩化;(g)泥盆系矽卡岩化灰岩中NE向破裂左行错移NNW向劈理,二者均被矽卡岩化同期方解石充填

Fig.5 Typical deformation features under the S-N compression

图6 NWW—SEE向挤压应力场形成的变形特征 (a)(b)泥盆系—石炭系中NEE向破裂面上缓倾擦痕与正阶步示右行走滑为主的剪切指向;(c)(d)泥盆系中NNE向破裂面上陡倾矿物生长线理示上盘向西逆冲

Fig.6 Typical deformation features under the NWW-SEE compression

图7 岩浆作用相关构造变形特征 (a)岩浆向围岩侧向扩展形成的肿缩构造及共轴递进变形导致的揉皱状横张节理;(b)(c)岩浆侧向挤压形成的枢纽水平、轴面斜歪褶皱;(d)晚侏罗世花岗质岩体边部形成的挤压面理;(e)—(g)晚侏罗世花岗岩中发育的近S—N向张剪性破裂;(h)(i)晚侏罗世花岗岩中发育的NE向张剪性破裂

Fig.7 Deformation characteristics related to magmatism

图8 N(N)E—S(S)W向挤压应力场形成的变形特征 (a)石炭系中NEE向破裂面上缓倾擦痕与正阶步示左行剪切;(b)石炭系中NW向破裂面上倾向擦痕与正阶步示上盘向南西方向逆冲;(c)泥盆系中NNE向破裂面上缓倾擦痕与正阶步示右行剪切;(d)石炭系中S—N向破裂面上缓倾矿物生长线理示右行剪切运动;(e)晚侏罗世花岗岩中NNE向破裂面上近水平擦痕与正阶步示右行剪切;(f)晚侏罗世花岗岩中NNE向右行剪切破裂和NEE向左行剪切破裂组成共轭剪裂;(g)晚侏罗世花岗岩中NWW向破裂旁侧派生R破裂指示主滑移面为左行剪切性质;(h)晚侏罗世花岗岩中NNE向破裂面上水平擦痕与正阶步示右行剪切;(i)石炭系中NEE向破裂末端派生的压性面理指示主滑移面左行剪切的运动学特征

Fig.8 Typical deformation features under the N(N)E-S(S)W compression

图9 剪切破裂交切关系及对地质体的改造特征 (a)D5期NW向逆冲剪切破裂切割D2期NE向左行剪切破裂;(b)D5期S—N向右行剪切破裂穿切矽卡岩;(c)NE向锡矿化破裂叠加左行剪切活动;(d)D5期NWW向左行剪切破裂穿切D4期近S—N向高陡逆冲剪切破裂

Fig.9 Characteristics of shear fractures intersection and its modification on geological bodies

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湘南大义山地区中—新生代变形序列及其动力学背景

Mesozoic and Cenozoic Deformation Sequences and Their Dynamic Background in the Danyishan Area, Southern Hunan

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