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现代地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (02): 353-374.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.062

• 岩石学 • 上一篇    下一篇

藏南古堆地区岩浆岩岩石地球化学特征、构造环境分析及成矿响应

娄元林1,2,3(), 成明1, 唐侥1, 张潮明1, 蓝景周1, 袁永盛4, 杨桃5   

  1. 1.中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心,湖南 长沙 410600
    2.中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京 100037
    3.中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
    4.中国地质调查局昆明自然资源综合调查中心,云南 昆明 650100
    5.常德职业技术学院,湖南 常德 415000
  • 收稿日期:2022-03-04 修回日期:2022-09-29 出版日期:2023-04-10 发布日期:2023-05-23
  • 作者简介:娄元林,男,博士研究生,工程师,1988年出生,矿产普查与勘探专业,主要从事矿产地质调查及矿产勘查工作。Email:420418599@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局“西藏古堆地区金锑多金属矿产远景调查”项目(1212011121236);“西藏哲古—日当一带铅锌锑多金属矿产调查评价”项目(12120114083501);“湖南怀化—邵阳金矿重点调查区调查评价”项目(DD20230386)

Geochemical Characteristics,Tectonic Setting, and Mineralization of Magmatic Rocks in Gudui Area, Southern Tibet

LOU Yuanlin1,2,3(), CHENG Ming1, TANG Yao1, ZHANG Chaoming1, LAN Jingzhou1, YUAN Yongsheng4, YANG Tao5   

  1. 1. Changsha Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha, Hunan 410600, China
    2. Institute of Mineral Resource, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China
    3. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    4. Kunming Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Kunming, Yunnan 650100, China
    5. Changde Vocational Technical College, Changde, Hunan 415000, China
  • Received:2022-03-04 Revised:2022-09-29 Online:2023-04-10 Published:2023-05-23

摘要:

藏南古堆地区属于北喜马拉雅成矿带,该区发育有大量金锑铅锌多金属矿床。受印度板块向欧亚大陆碰撞造山作用的影响,藏南地区的岩浆活动极为强烈,古堆地区广泛发育中生代—新生代岩浆岩。在野外调查的基础上,重点围绕印支期—燕山期与喜山期构造岩浆活动,简述了区内岩浆岩的空间分布特征及其形成时代。随后详细分析典型侵入岩、火山岩与脉岩的主量元素、微量元素及稀土元素地球化学特征,讨论了区内岩浆岩的构造环境及成因。该区岩浆活动为成矿物质提供了初始热源及运移动力,地幔热液的上涌及中酸性次火山岩侵入作用,产生动力热液变质作用并汲取多种成矿元素,使之活化成含矿热液,并且迁移、沉淀,在区内一系列近 EW 向主断裂与近 SN 向次级断裂交汇处富集成矿。本次研究为今后探讨区内乃至整个藏南地区的岩浆活动-构造演化以及与成矿作用的关系提供了新思路,为准确地建立区内新的成矿模式和找矿模型提供了初始的基础地质资料。

关键词: 岩浆岩, 岩石地球化学特征, 构造环境, 成岩与成矿, 古堆地区, 藏南

Abstract:

Many Au-Sb-Pb-Zn polymetallic deposits are developed in Gudui area of southern Tibet, which is located in the North Himalayan metallogenic belt. Magmatism in southern Tibet was likely intense in response to the India-Asia collision, and Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatic rocks are widely exposed in Gudui area. Based on field investigation, we focused on the Indosinian-Yanshanian and Himalayan tectono-magmatic activities, and described the spatial distribution characteristics and age of local magmatic rocks. We analyzed the characteristics of major, trace, and rare earth elements of typical intrusive and volcanic rocks, and discussed the tectonic setting and petrogenesis of these magmatic rocks. We concluded that the magmatism at Gudui area provided the initial heat source and drove the transport of ore-forming material. Upwelling of the mantle-derived hydrothermal fluids and the intrusion of the intermediate-felsic sub-volcanic rocks may have caused dynamic metasomatism and concentrated various ore-forming elements into the ore fluid, and then migrated and precipitated them along near EW-trending major faults and near NS-trending secondary faults to form the ore deposits. This study provides a new idea for exploring the relationship between the tectono-magmatic evolution and mineralization at Gudui area, which may also be applicable for the whole southern Tibet. Moreover, we provide fundamental geological data to establish new and accurate metallogenic models and ore prospecting patterns for the region.

Key words: magmatic rock, lithogeochemical characteristic, tectonic environment, magmatism and metallogeny, Gudui area, southern Tibet

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