柴达木盆地英雄岭构造带油气藏地质特征

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.02.16

现代地质 ›› 2020, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (02): 378-389.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.02.16

柴达木盆地英雄岭构造带油气藏地质特征

伍坤宇¹^,²(), 廖春¹, 李翔³, 张成娟¹, 张强¹, 李贵梅¹, 张静¹, 谭秀成²

1.中国石油天然气集团公司青海油田分公司,甘肃敦煌 736202
2.西南石油大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都 610500
3.中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,甘肃兰州 730020

收稿日期:2018-12-10 修回日期:2019-06-20 出版日期:2020-05-25 发布日期:2020-05-25
作者简介:伍坤宇,男,博士,工程师,1986年出生,油气勘探专业,主要从事沉积储层研究工作。Email: wukunyu1986@126.com。
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项(2016E-0102);中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项(2016E-0105);国家科技重大专项(2016ZX05046);国家科技重大专项(0201001009269);青海油田科技项目(研2017-内部-勘探-07)

Geological Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Pool in Yingxiongling Structural Zone, Qaidam Basin

WU Kunyu¹^,²(), LIAO Chun¹, LI Xiang³, ZHANG Chengjuan¹, ZHANG Qiang¹, LI Guimei¹, ZHANG Jing¹, TAN Xiucheng²

1. Qinghai Oil Field Company, CNPC, Dunhuang,Gansu 736202, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu,Sichuan 610500, China
3. Northwest Branch of Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, PetroChina, Lanzhou,Gansu 730020, China

Received:2018-12-10 Revised:2019-06-20 Online:2020-05-25 Published:2020-05-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为总结柴英雄岭构造带油气藏地质特征和主控因素,以该区深层和浅层油气藏为研究对象,对油气藏的构造、储层、油气源和成藏演化模式等方面进行了对比研究。结果表明:(1)英雄岭构造带构造样式自西向东变化显著,英西—英中纵向上表现为“双层结构”,而英东构造样式相对简单;(2)英西—英中碳酸盐岩储层主要储集空间为白云岩晶间孔,局部发育溶蚀孔和裂缝集中区,英东碎屑岩储层,主要发育粒间孔、少量粒间溶孔和裂缝;(3)油源对比表明,下干柴沟组上段为区内主力烃源岩;(4)天然气组分及同位素指标表明英西和英中的CH₄主要来源于原油伴生气,而英东为凝析油伴生气;(5)由于岩盐层封盖作用,英西—英中深层形成自生自储的异常高压油气藏,而英东虽缺乏盐岩盖层,由深至浅地表现为幕式充注成藏。

关键词: 构造样式, 储层, 油气源, 油气藏地质特征, 英雄岭构造带

Abstract:

To understand the geological features and controlling factors on hydrocarbon accumulation in the Yingxiongling area, we systemically studied the structures, reservoir, and the oil & gas origin and accumulation evolution model. Our results showed that the structural styles of the Yingxiongling structural zone change significantly from west to east. The middle-western Yingxiongling area has a vertical ‘double-layer’ structure. The structural style in eastern Yingxiongling was simpler than that in middle-western Yingxiongling. The main pore type of carbonate reservoirs in middle-western Yingxiongling is inter-crystal pore, together with local development of dissolution pores and fracture aggregates. Pore space developed in clastic reservoirs in eastern Yingxiongling is mainly interparticle pore, with some interparticle dissolution pores and fractures. The upper member of the Xiaganchaigou Formation is the main source rock. The composition and isotopic factors of the natural gas indicated that the CH₄ in middle-western Yingxiongling was originated as crude oil associated gas, and the CH₄ in eastern Yingxiongling was associated gas of condensate oil. Due to the existence of halite seal layers, abnormally high-pressure hydrocarbon pools were formed in the deeper parts of middle-western Yingxiongling. In contrast, halite seal layers are absent in eastern Yingxiongling, and the hydrocarbon pool there is characterized by episodic accumulation from the deeper to the shallower parts.

Key words: structural style, reservoir, hydrocarbon source, geology of hydrocarbon pool, Yingxiongling structural zone

中图分类号:

TE122.3

伍坤宇, 廖春, 李翔, 张成娟, 张强, 李贵梅, 张静, 谭秀成. 柴达木盆地英雄岭构造带油气藏地质特征[J]. 现代地质, 2020, 34(02): 378-389.

WU Kunyu, LIAO Chun, LI Xiang, ZHANG Chengjuan, ZHANG Qiang, LI Guimei, ZHANG Jing, TAN Xiucheng. Geological Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Pool in Yingxiongling Structural Zone, Qaidam Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2020, 34(02): 378-389.

图/表 10

图1 英雄岭地区区域地质概况((a)柴达木盆地大地构造单元划分;(b)英雄岭构造带数字高程模型及油气田分布)

Fig.1 Regional geological setting of the Yingxiongling area

表1 柴西地区地层划分

Table 1 Stratigraphic division of western Qaidam Basin

图2 研究区构造特征((a)T4构造图,(b)、 (c)、 (d)分别为英西、英中、英东构造解释剖面;文字和数字为断层编号))

Fig.2 Structural characteristics of study area: ((a)T4 structural map; (b), (c), (d) Seismic profiles of western, middle and eastern parts of the Yingxiongling structural zone, respectively. Words and numbers are ID of faults)

图3 英雄岭构造带储层岩石分类

Fig.3 Petrological classification of reservoirs in the Yingxiongling structural zone

图4 英雄岭构造带储层储集空间类型、成因及期次划分

Fig.4 Pore types, origin and formation periods of reservoirs in the Yingxiongling structural zone

图5 英雄岭构造带储层物性分布特征

Fig.5 Physical property distribution of reservoirs in the Yingxiongling structural zone

图6 英雄岭构造带原油和烃源岩抽提物m/z 217和m/z 191质量色谱图

Fig.6 m/z 217 and m/z 191 mass chromatogram of extracts from oil and source rock in the Yingxionging structural zone

表2 英雄岭构造带天然气组分及同位素特征

Table 2 Components and isotopic characteristics of natural gas in the Yingxiongling structural zone

油藏	井号	层位	CH₄	C₂H₆	C₃H₈	iC₄H₁₀	C₄H₁₀	干燥系数	δ¹³CH₄	δ¹³C₂H₆/	δ¹³C₃H₈
油藏	井号	层位			%			干燥系数		‰(PDB)
英西浅层	狮中18	E₃-N₁sg	77.25	17.92	0.98	0.12	0.51	79.82	-41.79	-28.6	-23.5
	狮中10	E₃-N₁sg	73.37	21.75	1.12	0.23	0.49	75.67	-40.58	-26.8	-23.0
	狮中13	E₃-N₁sg	85.73	12.22	0.32	0.08	0.16	87.03	-41.38	-33.2	-27.2
英西深层	狮新28	E_2-3xg²	88.4	9.12	0.93	0.11	0.32	89.40	-41.75	-30.6	-26.7
英西深层	狮29	E_2-3xg²	88.2	9.14	0.87	0.12	0.39	89.34	-41.54	-30.3	-25.9
英中	狮58	E_2-3xg²	78.77	5.98	3.54	0.79	1.92	86.56	-40	-27.7	-23.8
英东	砂40	N₁xy	91.31	8.02	0.25	0.02	0.05	91.63	-37.1	-27.7	-24.6
	砂40	N₁xy	90.84	8.51	0.21	0.00	0.02	91.22	-36.6	-27.8	-24.8
	砂37	N₁sy	89.46	10.04	0.12	0.00	0.00	89.80	-32.5	-25.6	-23.8
	英东105	N₁xy	92.55	7.01	0.31	0.00	0.01	92.66	-37	-27.3	-24.5

图7 英雄岭构造带天然气来源和成因判别图(图版据文献[29])

Fig.7 Origin and source discrimination diagrams of natural gas in the Yingxiongling structural zone (base map after reference[29])

图8 英雄岭构造带油气藏成藏演化模式

Fig.8 Evolution model of hydrocarbon pool accumulation in the Yingxiongling structural zone

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柴达木盆地英雄岭构造带油气藏地质特征

Geological Characteristics of Hydrocarbon Pool in Yingxiongling Structural Zone, Qaidam Basin

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