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现代地质 ›› 2014, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 915-927.

• 地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

珠江三角洲经济区生态地球化学评价

窦磊1,杜海燕2,游远航1,赖启宏1,3   

  1. (1.广东省地质调查院,广东 广州510080; 2.广东省地质局,广东 广州510080;3.广东省佛山地质局,广东 佛山528000)
  • 出版日期:2014-10-25 发布日期:2014-12-29
  • 作者简介:窦磊,男,高级工程师,博士,1979年出生,地球化学专业,主要从事生态地球化学调查及相关研究工作。 Email:ggsdl@163.com。
  • 基金资助:

    中国地质调查局与广东省人民政府合作项目“广东省珠江三角洲经济区农业地质与生态地球化学调查”(1212010511216)。

Eco-geochemical Survey and Assessment in Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, Guangdong Province, China

DOU Lei1, DU Hai-yan2, YOU Yuan-hang1, LAI Qi-hong1,3   

  1. (1.Guangdong Institute of Geological Survey, Guangzhou, Guangdong510080, China;2.Guangdong Geological Bureau, Guangzhou,Guangdong510080,China;3.Foshan Geological Bureau of Guangdong Province,Foshan, Guangdong528000, China)
  • Online:2014-10-25 Published:2014-12-29

摘要:

土壤重金属污染是珠江三角洲地区主要的生态环境问题之一,直接影响到区域生态系统的稳定和食品安全。通过开展多目标区域地球化学调查、区域生态地球化学评价、局部生态地球化学评价和总体综合评价,系统完成了珠江三角洲经济区47954 km2(包括10 m水深以浅的近岸海域)的生态地球化学调查与评价。按照双层网格化方法系统采集了陆域土壤、近岸海域和珠江水系的主要河流沉积物表层和深层样品,测试了71项元素和指标,建立了珠江三角洲经济区土壤、沉积物地球化学背景值和基准值,首次对珠江三角洲地区区域地球化学特征进行了系统全面的调查,全面查明了珠江三角洲经济区土壤环境质量状况,区内一级和二级土壤分别占总面积的19.9%和57.3%,三级和三级以上土壤占22.8%。定量计算了镉、铅、汞等主要异常元素经河流、成土过程等自然来源和大气干湿沉降、施肥、灌溉、使用农药等人为来源贡献量,阐明了其迁移转化途径及生态安全性。结合研究区特点,系统开展了三角洲形成演化过程的地球化学研究,并在国内首次制定了符合地区特点的珠江三角洲经济区土壤环境质量地方标准。

关键词: 土壤, 浅海沉积物, 地球化学特征, 生态地球化学评价, 珠江三角洲经济区

Abstract:

Soil heavy metal pollution is one of the main environmental problems in Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, which directly threatens the stability of regional ecosystem and food safety, and has profound influences on economic sustainability, especially for sustainable agriculture and people’s health. Consequently, soil environment quality and food safety in this region have receiving extensive attention from all around China. Based on multi-purpose regional geochemical survey, regional eco-geochemical assessment, local eco-geochemical assessment and comprehensive appraisal, the eco-geochemical survey and assessment in Pearl River Delta Economic Zone of 47,954 km2(including the area of 10 m depth in shallow inshore waters) was completed. Samples of soil, sediments of intertidal and major rivers in the region were collected in accordance with the two-layer grid method.Totally 71 elements and indicators for soils and sediments were determined and it is the first time to study the geochemical characteristics of the Pearl River Delta region. On the basis of the regional survey,the samples of rock, soil, sediment, dust, water, biology, human hair and other types of media samples in significant zone were systemic collected.The composition, distribution characteristics, sources, impact mechanisms and ecological security, migration and transformation process of toxic elements and nutrition elements in significant zone were investigated through case research and general analysis. According to the characteristics of the area, we firstly carried out the study of geochemical character of delta formation evolution and formulation of environmental quality standards for soils in the Pearl River Delta region.

Key words: soil, offshore sediment, geochemical characteristic, eco-geochemical assessment, Pearl River Delta Economic Zone

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