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现代地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (03): 667-680.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.109

• 机器学习与矿物学应用 • 上一篇    下一篇

胶东半岛牟平—乳山成矿带金矿黄铁矿成因矿物学特征及地质意义

何江涛1(), 李俊建2, 石光耀1, 王晨光1, 满荣浩1   

  1. 1.河北地质大学河北省战略性关键矿产资源重点实验室,河北 石家庄 050031
    2.中国地质调查局天津地质调查中心,天津 300170
  • 出版日期:2025-06-10 发布日期:2025-07-03
  • 作者简介:何江涛,男,助理研究员,1990年出生,主要从事矿床学、构造地质学研究工作。Email:jiangtaohe@yeah.net
  • 基金资助:
    河北地质大学国家预研项目(KY2024QN25);河北地质大学博士科研启动基金项目(BQ2024006);河北省青年科学基金项目(D2022403027)

Genetic Mineralogy and Geological Significance of Pyrites from the Muping-Rushan gold belt, Jiaodong Peninsula

HE Jiangtao1(), LI Junjian2, SHI Guangyao1, WANG Chenguang1, MAN Ronghao1   

  1. 1. Hebei Key Laboratory of Strategic Critical Mineral Resources, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050031, China
    2. Tianjin Geological Survey Center, China Geological Survey, Tianjin 300170, China
  • Published:2025-06-10 Online:2025-07-03

摘要:

黄铁矿是地壳中最为普遍存在的金属硫化物,广泛发育在各类金属矿床中,更是金矿床中重要的载金矿物。本文以牟平—乳山成矿带典型金矿中黄铁矿为研究对象,利用偏光显微镜与电子探针相结合的方法,对研究区金矿四个成矿阶段不同期次的黄铁矿成分标型开展了系统研究。黄铁矿镜下和面分析表明,各成矿阶段的黄铁矿晶形与粒度存在明显区别,其中Ⅰ阶段为粗粒自形-半自形立方体黄铁矿(Py1),Ⅱ阶段为细粒半自形-他形五角十二面体黄铁矿(Py2),Ⅳ阶段为细粒自形-半自形立方体黄铁矿(Py3)。Ⅰ阶段黄铁矿(Py1)晶体边缘及裂隙、Ⅱ阶段黄铁矿(Py2)晶体As含量较高;自然金和银主要呈细脉状充填在Ⅰ阶段立方体黄铁矿(Py1)裂隙或围绕Ⅱ阶段细粒五角十二面体黄铁矿(Py2)发育。电子探针主微量元素分析也显示出了显著的差异,Ⅰ阶段黄铁矿Fe、S含量最接近理论值,而Ⅱ阶段黄铁矿存在明显的硫亏损,Ⅳ阶段黄铁矿则存在铁亏损。此外,金赋存状态的研究表明研究区金矿的不可见金为Au0纳米颗粒金。从成矿早期阶段到晚期阶段,黄铁矿晶形呈现从立方体→细粒五角十二面体→细粒立方体的变化趋势,指示成矿流体温度呈逐渐降低的演化趋势,主成矿阶段具有中低温、较高硫逸度的特点。

关键词: 胶东半岛, 牟平—乳山成矿带, 电子探针, 黄铁矿, 赋存状态

Abstract:

Pyrite is the most prevalent metal sulfide in the Earth’s crust, widely distributed in various types of metal deposits and serving as a crucial gold-bearing mineral in gold deposits. This study focuses on pyrite from typical gold deposits in the Muping-Rushan metallogenic belt. Through integrated polarized microscopy and electron probe microanalysis, we systematically investigated the typomorphic composition of pyrite in different stages of four metallogenic stages of gold deposits in the study area. Polarizing microscope analysis and electron microprobe elemental mapping showed that there are obvious differences in crystal form and grain size of pyrite in different mineralization stages. Stage Ⅰ pyrite (Py1) is coarse-grained panidiomorphic-hypidiomorphic cubic pyrite. Stage Ⅱ pyrite (Py2) is fine-grained hypidiomorphic-allomorphic pentagonal-dodecahedral crystal. Stage Ⅳ pyrite (Py3) is fine-grained panidiomorphic-hypidiomorphic cubic pyrite. The arsenic contents are higher at the rims and in cracks of stage I cube pyrite (Py1) and around stage Ⅱ fine-grained pentagonal dodecahedral pyrite (Py2). Native gold and silver occur mainly as thin veins in cracks in stage Ⅰ pyrite (Py1) or around stage Ⅱ pyrite (Py2). Electron microprobe analysis of major and trace elements also shows significant differences. The content of Fe and S in stage Ⅰ pyrite is the closest to the theoretical value, while stage Ⅱ pyrite has an obvious sulfur deficit, and stage Ⅳ pyrite has a ferrum deficit. In addition, the study of gold occurrence state indicates that the invisible gold in the gold deposits from the Muping-Rushan gold belt is Au0 nanoparticle gold. From the early to late mineralization stages, pyrite exhibits a crystal morphology transition from cubic → fine-grained pentagonal dodecahedral → fine-grained cubic forms, indicating a progressive cooling trend of ore-forming fluids. The main mineralization stage is characterized by moderate-low temperatures with elevated sulfur fugacity.

Key words: Jiaodong Peninsula, Muping-Rushan gold belt, electron probe microanalysis, Pyrite, occurrencestate

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