海域孔隙型储层天然气水合物赋存模式定量化表征:声波和电阻率测井的约束

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.066

现代地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (01): 127-137.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.066

海域孔隙型储层天然气水合物赋存模式定量化表征:声波和电阻率测井的约束

王圣宜¹(), 邹长春¹(), 彭诚¹, 王红才², 陆敬安³, 康冬菊³, 伍操为¹, 蓝茜茜¹, 谢莹峰³

1.中国地质大学(北京) 地球物理与信息技术学院,北京 100083
2.中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081
3.中国地质调查局广州海洋地质调查局,广东广州 510760

收稿日期:2022-04-20 修回日期:2022-07-22 出版日期:2023-02-10 发布日期:2023-03-20
通讯作者: 邹长春,男,博士生导师,1969年出生,地球探测与信息技术专业,主要从事岩石物理、测井与井中物探、油气勘察和科学钻探领域的教学和科研工作。Email: zoucc@cugb.edu.cn。
作者简介:王圣宜,女,硕士研究生,1998年出生,地球探测与信息技术专业,主要从事岩石物理建模与反演方面的研究。Email: edhhwu@163.com。
基金资助:
广东省重点领域研发计划“海洋高端装备制造及资源保护与利用”重点专项(2020B1111030003);自然资源部中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190231)

Quantitative Characterization of Hydrate Occurrence Mode in Marine Pore-filling Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Constraints from Acoustic and Resistivity Log Data

WANG Shengyi¹(), ZOU Changchun¹(), PENG Cheng¹, WANG Hongcai², LU Jingan³, KANG Dongju³, WU Caowei¹, LAN Xixi¹, XIE Yingfeng³

1. School of Geophysics and Information Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083,China
2. Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081,China
3. Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, China Geological Survey, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510760,China

Received:2022-04-20 Revised:2022-07-22 Online:2023-02-10 Published:2023-03-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

海域孔隙型天然气水合物储层中,水合物主要以颗粒胶结、包裹胶结、骨架支撑、孔隙悬浮4种赋存模式充填沉积物孔隙,水合物饱和度与赋存模式的不同导致了储层弹性和电性的差异,利用声波和电阻率测井资料联合处理可以进行水合物赋存模式的定量表征。首先利用Simandoux公式计算水合物饱和度,然后通过有效介质模型构建的岩石物理模板识别水合物赋存模式,最后计算储层中不同赋存模式水合物的相对占比。以全球范围内三个典型区域(中国南海神狐海域、北美Blake海台、新西兰Hikurangi边缘)为例,利用水合物储层的实际钻探资料,对水合物赋存模式进行定量分析:(1)中国南海神狐海域SH2站位储层中,水合物主要以骨架支撑模式产出,约占水合物总量的64%;(2)Blake海台994C站位储层中,水合物主要为颗粒胶结和包裹胶结模式,分别占总量的27%和51%;(3)Hikurangi边缘U1518B站位的水合物储层中,水合物主要为包裹胶结和骨架支撑模式,分别占总量的32%和47%。前人针对水合物形成和赋存模式的实验研究显示,水合物更易以颗粒胶结、包裹胶结和骨架支撑模式赋存,从侧面验证了上述分析结果的可靠性。本研究使用的声波和电阻率测井资料联合处理方法可实现海域孔隙型储层水合物赋存模式定量化评价。

关键词: 天然气水合物, 赋存模式, 测井评价, 饱和度

Abstract:

In marine pore-filling natural gas hydrate reservoirs, hydrates are mainly produced in four occurrence modes: contact-cemented, grain-coated, matrix-supported, pore-suspended. Discrepancies in reservoir elastic-electrical properties are caused by different hydrate occurrence modes, and integrated acoustic and resistivity log data processing can effectively identify the hydrate occurrence mode. We used petrophysical models to simulate the reservoir acoustic and electrical responses, based on common log data (incl. resistivity and longitudinal velocity), and identified hydrate occurrence modes and calculated hydrate saturation. We also quantitatively characterized the occurrence modes, via calculating the relative proportion of the four hydrate occurrence modes. Actual drilling data from three typical marine hydrate reservoirs (i.e., Shenhu area of the South China Sea, Blake Ridge in North America, Hikurangi margin in New Zealand) were used as examples to quantify the hydrate reservoir occurrence mode: (1) In the hydrate reservoir at Shenhu Site SH2, hydrates are predominantly matrix-supported, accounting for ~64% of the total; (2) In the reservoir at Blake Ridge Site 994C, the hydrates are mainly of contact-cemented (27%) and grain-coated (51%) modes; (3) In the hydrate reservoir at Hikurangi Site U1518B, the hydrates are mainly of grain-coated (32%) and matrix-supported (47%) modes. Previous experimental studies on hydrate formation and occurrence mode show that the hydrates are more likely to be stored as contact-cemented, grain-coated and matrix-supported mode, which supports the analytical reliability. The integrated acoustic and electrical log data processing here enables the quantitative evaluation of hydrate reservoir occurrence mode in marine pore-filling gas hydrate reservoirs.

Key words: natural gas hydrate, occurrence mode, logging evaluation, saturation

中图分类号:

P631.8

王圣宜, 邹长春, 彭诚, 王红才, 陆敬安, 康冬菊, 伍操为, 蓝茜茜, 谢莹峰. 海域孔隙型储层天然气水合物赋存模式定量化表征:声波和电阻率测井的约束[J]. 现代地质, 2023, 37(01): 127-137.

WANG Shengyi, ZOU Changchun, PENG Cheng, WANG Hongcai, LU Jingan, KANG Dongju, WU Caowei, LAN Xixi, XIE Yingfeng. Quantitative Characterization of Hydrate Occurrence Mode in Marine Pore-filling Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Constraints from Acoustic and Resistivity Log Data[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(01): 127-137.

图/表 10

图1 海域孔隙型水合物储层赋存模式分类及微观分布特征

Fig.1 Four typical occurrence models in marine pore-filling hydrate reservoirs and microscopic distributions

图2 海域孔隙型水合物储层岩石物理模版

Fig.2 Petrophysics template between P-wave velocity and hydrate saturation

表1 含水合物松散沉积物矿物组分含量[45??-48]

Table 1 Mineral fraction and content of hydrate reservoirs[45??-48]

区域	石英含量/%	黏土含量/%	方解石含量/%	长石含量/%
中国南海神狐海域	60	25	15	-
北美Blake海台	18	75	7	-
新西兰Hikurangi边缘	25	45	17	13

表2 水合物储层赋存模式定量计算结果

Table 2 Calculation results of hydrate occurrence model in hydrate reservoirs

区域	站位	储层范围/mbsf	电阻率/ (Ω·m)	纵波速度 /(m/s)	饱和度/%		赋存模式相对含量/%
区域	站位	储层范围/mbsf	电阻率/ (Ω·m)	纵波速度 /(m/s)	平均值	最大值	①	②	③	④
神狐海域	SH2	192~224	1.4~3.3	1770~2480	27.6	48.3	2	15	64	19
Blake海台	994C	212~429	0.6~1.2	1580~1980	8.4	21.1	27	51	6	16
Hikurangi边缘	U1518B	33~317	1.4~4.9	1710~2300	18.7	37.2	9	32	47	12

图3 神狐海域SH2站位电阻率曲线(a)和电阻率、氯离子浓度计算的水合物饱和度(b)(1 mbsf示海底面以下深度1 m,下同)

Fig.3 Resistivity logging data (a) and hydrate saturation from resistivity calculation and chlorine ion concentration analysis (b) for site SH2 in Shenhu area

图4 神狐海域SH2站位测井数据及各赋存模式水合物含量

Fig.4 Well-log data from site SH2 in Shenhu area and saturation for each hydrate occurrence model

图5 Blake海台994C站位电阻率曲线(a)和电阻率、氯离子浓度计算的水合物饱和度(b)

Fig.5 Resistivity logging data (a) and hydrate saturation from resistivity calculation and chlorine ion concentration analysis (b) for site 994C in Blake ridge

图6 Blake海台994C站位测井数据及各赋存模式水合物含量(5点平滑结果)

Fig.6 Well-log data from site 994C in Blake ridge and saturation for each hydrate occurrence model (5-point smoothing results)

图7 Hikurangi边缘U1518B站位电阻率曲线(a)和电阻率、氯离子浓度计算的水合物饱和度(b)

Fig.7 Resistivity logging data (a) and hydrate saturation from resistivity calculation and chlorine ion concentration analysis (b) for site U1518B in Hikurange margin

图8 Hikurangi边缘D1815B井测井数据及各赋存模式水合物含量(3点平滑结果)

Fig.8 Well-log data from site U1518B in Hikurange margin and saturation for each hydrate occurrence model (3-point smoothing results)

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海域孔隙型储层天然气水合物赋存模式定量化表征:声波和电阻率测井的约束

Quantitative Characterization of Hydrate Occurrence Mode in Marine Pore-filling Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Constraints from Acoustic and Resistivity Log Data

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