现代地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (06): 1713-1726.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.126
陈澍民1(), 缪宇2, 廖驾1(
), 贺前平1, 成明1, 张珍力1, 吴绍安1, 章志明1
收稿日期:
2021-08-19
修回日期:
2021-12-13
出版日期:
2021-12-10
发布日期:
2022-02-14
通讯作者:
廖驾
作者简介:
廖 驾,男,工程师,1987年出生,构造地质学专业,主要从事基础地质工作。Email: liaojia@mail.cgs.gov.cn。基金资助:
CHEN Shumin1(), MIAO Yu2, LIAO Jia1(
), HE Qianping1, CHENG Ming1, ZHANG Zhenli1, WU Shaoan1, ZHANG Zhiming1
Received:
2021-08-19
Revised:
2021-12-13
Online:
2021-12-10
Published:
2022-02-14
Contact:
LIAO Jia
摘要:
拉萨地块晚白垩世岩浆岩的研究集中于南北两缘,中部的岩浆-构造演化对班公湖—怒江洋或新特提斯洋演化过程的响应及地幔贡献度仍然缺乏精确约束。本次研究报道了中拉萨地块南缘孔隆地区发现的一套流纹质火山岩。锆石U-Pb年代学、全岩地球化学及Hf同位素分析结果显示,孔隆火山岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为(88.0±1.7)Ma,形成于晚白垩世早期。主量元素SiO2及Al2O3含量较高,Mg#较低;轻、重稀土分馏明显,表现为轻稀土相对富集,重稀土相对亏损;相对富集Rb、Th、K,相对亏损Ba、Eu、Sr、P、Ti;与周缘埃达克岩区别明显。锆石εHf(t)在-10.2~-5.3之间,TDM2模式年龄为1 492~1 804 Ma,结合Nb/La平均值(0.21)及Nb/Ta平均值(10.1)分析,认为孔隆火山岩可能直接源于古老的下地壳深熔,未经幔源物质混染而形成,其主要驱动力为新特提斯洋壳北向俯冲。本项研究为印亚大陆碰撞前拉萨地块演化提供了新的约束。
中图分类号:
陈澍民, 缪宇, 廖驾, 贺前平, 成明, 张珍力, 吴绍安, 章志明. 中拉萨地块南缘孔隆晚白垩世火山岩成因及对地壳演化的约束[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(06): 1713-1726.
CHEN Shumin, MIAO Yu, LIAO Jia, HE Qianping, CHENG Ming, ZHANG Zhenli, WU Shaoan, ZHANG Zhiming. Crustal Evolution Constraints from the Petrogenesis of Late Cretaceous Konglong Volcanics on Southern Margin of Central Lhasa Subterrane[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(06): 1713-1726.
图1 拉萨地块构造格架图(a)和孔隆地区地质简图(b)(修改自文献[8,27],拉萨地块年龄据文献[4,6-8,10-15,21-23,30-32]) BNSZ.班公湖—怒江缝合带;SNMZ. 狮泉河—纳木错蛇绿混杂岩带;LMF. 洛巴堆—米拉山断裂带;YZSZ. 雅鲁藏布缝合带;STDS. 藏南拆离系;MCT. 主中央断裂;MBT. 主边界逆冲断裂
Fig.1 Geotectonic map of the Lhasa terrane (a) and geological map of the Konglong area (b)(modified from references[8,27],ages data of the Lhasa terrane after refs.[4,6-8,10-15,21-23,30-32] )
图2 西藏孔隆晚白垩世火山岩露头及镜下照片 (a)火山岩全景; (b)流纹质熔结凝灰岩; (c)岩屑、玻屑(+); (d)凝灰质(+)
Fig.2 Outcrops and thin-section microscopic photos of the Konglong volcanic rocks in Tibet
图3 西藏孔隆晚白垩世火山岩锆石阴极发光(CL)图(a)与U-Pb谐和图和加权年龄(b)(CL图中实线圆为U-Pb测点,虚线圆为Hf测点)
Fig.3 Zircon cathodoluminescence (CL) image (a) and U-Pb concordia ages and weighted-mean ages (b) for the Konglong volcanic samples in Tibet (solid circle in CL image denotes U-Pb analysis spot, dashed circle denotes Hf analysis spot)
编号 | 含量/10-6 | Th/U | 同位素比值 | 年龄/Ma | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pb | Th | U | 207Pb/206Pb ±1σ | 207Pb/235U ±1σ | 206Pb/238U ±1σ | 207Pb/206Pb ±1σ | 207Pb/235U ±1σ | 206Pb/238U ±1σ | |||
1 | 15 | 833 | 931 | 0.89 | 0.047 2 ±0.007 2 | 0.094 9±0.014 0 | 0.014 6±0.000 5 | 60.1±364.3 | 92.0±13.6 | 93.3±3.3 | |
2 | 3 | 137 | 196 | 0.70 | 0.047 5±0.005 9 | 0.096 1±0.011 0 | 0.014 7±0.000 6 | 74.1±293.8 | 93.1±10.7 | 93.9±3.7 | |
3 | 3 | 138 | 163 | 0.85 | 0.049 3±0.011 3 | 0.096 3±0.014 1 | 0.014 2±0.000 7 | 161.5±535.2 | 93.4±13.6 | 90.7±4.5 | |
4 | 3 | 123 | 182 | 0.68 | 0.049 2±0.005 3 | 0.097 9±0.010 5 | 0.014 4±0.000 5 | 155.5±254.7 | 94.8±10.2 | 92.4±3.0 | |
5 | 4 | 181 | 199 | 0.91 | 0.048 1±0.006 8 | 0.099 6±0.010 9 | 0.015 0±0.000 5 | 104.3±336.5 | 96.4±10.5 | 96.1±3.2 | |
6 | 5 | 236 | 226 | 1.04 | 0.050 2±0.006 2 | 0.101 2±0.011 3 | 0.014 6±0.000 4 | 204.8±285.5 | 97.9±10.9 | 93.6±2.8 | |
7 | 6 | 212 | 325 | 0.65 | 0.048 0±0.005 3 | 0.088 8±0.007 6 | 0.013 4±0.000 4 | 99.3±262.7 | 86.4±7.4 | 85.9±2.5 | |
8 | 8 | 244 | 449 | 0.54 | 0.048 5±0.003 9 | 0.089 4±0.006 6 | 0.013 4±0.000 3 | 123.5±191.5 | 86.9±6.4 | 85.6±2.2 | |
9 | 10 | 439 | 515 | 0.85 | 0.048 3±0.005 1 | 0.090 2±0.008 5 | 0.013 6±0.000 4 | 112.9±250.5 | 87.7±8.3 | 86.8±2.6 | |
10 | 1 | 59 | 86 | 0.69 | 0.053 7±0.003 5 | 0.100 1±0.006 4 | 0.013 7±0.000 3 | 366.7±143.5 | 96.8±5.9 | 87.7±1.9 | |
11 | 2 | 96 | 125 | 0.77 | 0.053 7±0.004 0 | 0.095 1±0.006 3 | 0.013 2±0.000 4 | 366.7±163.9 | 92.3±5.9 | 84.5±2.3 | |
12 | 3 | 103 | 156 | 0.66 | 0.048 1±0.002 4 | 0.088 7±0.004 5 | 0.013 4±0.000 2 | 101.9±114.8 | 86.3±4.2 | 85.8±1.3 | |
13 | 5 | 267 | 277 | 0.96 | 0.053 1±0.002 2 | 0.097 5±0.004 2 | 0.013 4±0.000 2 | 331.5±99.1 | 94.4±3.9 | 85.7±1.4 | |
14 | 3 | 119 | 173 | 0.69 | 0.055 0±0.002 3 | 0.099 1±0.003 6 | 0.013 2±0.000 2 | 413.0±92.6 | 95.9±3.3 | 84.6±1.5 | |
15 | 7 | 298 | 380 | 0.78 | 0.050 6±0.001 7 | 0.099 1±0.002 9 | 0.014 3±0.000 2 | 220.4±77.8 | 95.9±2.7 | 91.5±1.3 | |
16 | 13 | 445 | 770 | 0.58 | 0.053 1±0.001 7 | 0.096 7±0.003 0 | 0.013 3±0.000 2 | 331.5±104.6 | 93.7±2.7 | 84.9±1.1 | |
17 | 3 | 128 | 189 | 0.67 | 0.047 8±0.002 6 | 0.091 3±0.004 5 | 0.014 2±0.000 3 | 87.1±125.9 | 88.7±4.2 | 90.8±2.0 | |
18 | 3 | 105 | 149 | 0.70 | 0.053 4±0.003 1 | 0.106 1±0.005 8 | 0.014 6±0.000 3 | 346.4±131.5 | 102.4±5.3 | 93.5±2.0 | |
19 | 3 | 122 | 179 | 0.68 | 0.052 4±0.002 6 | 0.102 0±0.005 0 | 0.014 3±0.000 4 | 305.6±112.9 | 98.6±4.6 | 91.5±2.2 |
表1 西藏孔隆晚白垩世火山岩(PN-Q)锆石U-Pb同位素数据
Table 1 Zircon U-Pb isotopic data of the Late Cretaceous Konglong volcanic rocks (sample PN-Q) in Tibet
编号 | 含量/10-6 | Th/U | 同位素比值 | 年龄/Ma | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pb | Th | U | 207Pb/206Pb ±1σ | 207Pb/235U ±1σ | 206Pb/238U ±1σ | 207Pb/206Pb ±1σ | 207Pb/235U ±1σ | 206Pb/238U ±1σ | |||
1 | 15 | 833 | 931 | 0.89 | 0.047 2 ±0.007 2 | 0.094 9±0.014 0 | 0.014 6±0.000 5 | 60.1±364.3 | 92.0±13.6 | 93.3±3.3 | |
2 | 3 | 137 | 196 | 0.70 | 0.047 5±0.005 9 | 0.096 1±0.011 0 | 0.014 7±0.000 6 | 74.1±293.8 | 93.1±10.7 | 93.9±3.7 | |
3 | 3 | 138 | 163 | 0.85 | 0.049 3±0.011 3 | 0.096 3±0.014 1 | 0.014 2±0.000 7 | 161.5±535.2 | 93.4±13.6 | 90.7±4.5 | |
4 | 3 | 123 | 182 | 0.68 | 0.049 2±0.005 3 | 0.097 9±0.010 5 | 0.014 4±0.000 5 | 155.5±254.7 | 94.8±10.2 | 92.4±3.0 | |
5 | 4 | 181 | 199 | 0.91 | 0.048 1±0.006 8 | 0.099 6±0.010 9 | 0.015 0±0.000 5 | 104.3±336.5 | 96.4±10.5 | 96.1±3.2 | |
6 | 5 | 236 | 226 | 1.04 | 0.050 2±0.006 2 | 0.101 2±0.011 3 | 0.014 6±0.000 4 | 204.8±285.5 | 97.9±10.9 | 93.6±2.8 | |
7 | 6 | 212 | 325 | 0.65 | 0.048 0±0.005 3 | 0.088 8±0.007 6 | 0.013 4±0.000 4 | 99.3±262.7 | 86.4±7.4 | 85.9±2.5 | |
8 | 8 | 244 | 449 | 0.54 | 0.048 5±0.003 9 | 0.089 4±0.006 6 | 0.013 4±0.000 3 | 123.5±191.5 | 86.9±6.4 | 85.6±2.2 | |
9 | 10 | 439 | 515 | 0.85 | 0.048 3±0.005 1 | 0.090 2±0.008 5 | 0.013 6±0.000 4 | 112.9±250.5 | 87.7±8.3 | 86.8±2.6 | |
10 | 1 | 59 | 86 | 0.69 | 0.053 7±0.003 5 | 0.100 1±0.006 4 | 0.013 7±0.000 3 | 366.7±143.5 | 96.8±5.9 | 87.7±1.9 | |
11 | 2 | 96 | 125 | 0.77 | 0.053 7±0.004 0 | 0.095 1±0.006 3 | 0.013 2±0.000 4 | 366.7±163.9 | 92.3±5.9 | 84.5±2.3 | |
12 | 3 | 103 | 156 | 0.66 | 0.048 1±0.002 4 | 0.088 7±0.004 5 | 0.013 4±0.000 2 | 101.9±114.8 | 86.3±4.2 | 85.8±1.3 | |
13 | 5 | 267 | 277 | 0.96 | 0.053 1±0.002 2 | 0.097 5±0.004 2 | 0.013 4±0.000 2 | 331.5±99.1 | 94.4±3.9 | 85.7±1.4 | |
14 | 3 | 119 | 173 | 0.69 | 0.055 0±0.002 3 | 0.099 1±0.003 6 | 0.013 2±0.000 2 | 413.0±92.6 | 95.9±3.3 | 84.6±1.5 | |
15 | 7 | 298 | 380 | 0.78 | 0.050 6±0.001 7 | 0.099 1±0.002 9 | 0.014 3±0.000 2 | 220.4±77.8 | 95.9±2.7 | 91.5±1.3 | |
16 | 13 | 445 | 770 | 0.58 | 0.053 1±0.001 7 | 0.096 7±0.003 0 | 0.013 3±0.000 2 | 331.5±104.6 | 93.7±2.7 | 84.9±1.1 | |
17 | 3 | 128 | 189 | 0.67 | 0.047 8±0.002 6 | 0.091 3±0.004 5 | 0.014 2±0.000 3 | 87.1±125.9 | 88.7±4.2 | 90.8±2.0 | |
18 | 3 | 105 | 149 | 0.70 | 0.053 4±0.003 1 | 0.106 1±0.005 8 | 0.014 6±0.000 3 | 346.4±131.5 | 102.4±5.3 | 93.5±2.0 | |
19 | 3 | 122 | 179 | 0.68 | 0.052 4±0.002 6 | 0.102 0±0.005 0 | 0.014 3±0.000 4 | 305.6±112.9 | 98.6±4.6 | 91.5±2.2 |
样号及测点号 | (年龄±1σ)/Ma | 176Yb/177Hf±2σ | 176Lu/177Hf±2σ | 176Hf/177Hf±2σ | εHf(t) | TDM1 | TDM2 | fLu/Hf |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PN-Q.1 | 93.3±3.3 | 0.047 9±0.000 3 | 0.001 2±0.000 002 | 0.282 509±0.000 021 | -7.3 | 1 057 | 1 618 | -0.96 |
PN-Q.2 | 93.9±3.7 | 0.025 7±0.000 2 | 0.000 6±0.000 002 | 0.282 433±0.000 022 | -10.0 | 1 147 | 1 786 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.3 | 90.7±4.5 | 0.043 5±0.000 4 | 0.001 0±0.000 012 | 0.282 449±0.000 020 | -9.5 | 1 135 | 1 752 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.4 | 92.4±3.0 | 0.040 4±0.000 3 | 0.000 9±0.000 007 | 0.282 469±0.000 022 | -8.8 | 1 106 | 1 707 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.5 | 96.1±3.2 | 0.036 8±0.000 1 | 0.000 8±0.000 003 | 0.282 424±0.000 022 | -10.2 | 1 164 | 1 804 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.6 | 93.6±2.8 | 0.036 6±0.000 2 | 0.000 9±0.000 002 | 0.282 565±0.000 021 | -5.3 | 969 | 1 492 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.7 | 85.9±2.5 | 0.031 6±0.000 2 | 0.000 7±0.000 004 | 0.282 488±0.000 016 | -8.2 | 1 073 | 1 667 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.8 | 85.6±2.2 | 0.039 1±0.000 3 | 0.000 9±0.000 005 | 0.282 489±0.000 021 | -8.2 | 1 076 | 1 666 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.9 | 86.8±2.6 | 0.038 3±0.000 6 | 0.000 9±0.000 016 | 0.282 434±0.000 025 | -10.1 | 1 154 | 1 788 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.10 | 87.7±1.9 | 0.040 6±0.000 2 | 0.000 9±0.000 002 | 0.282 472±0.000 018 | -8.7 | 1 099 | 1 702 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.11 | 84.5±2.3 | 0.036 4±0.000 1 | 0.000 8±0.000 003 | 0.282 491±0.000 019 | -8.1 | 1 071 | 1 661 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.12 | 85.8±1.3 | 0.039 9±0.000 3 | 0.000 9±0.000 011 | 0.282 479±0.000 017 | -8.5 | 1 090 | 1 689 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.13 | 85.7±1.4 | 0.043 8±0.000 6 | 0.000 9±0.000 005 | 0.282 493±0.000 019 | -8.0 | 1 071 | 1 656 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.14 | 84.6±1.5 | 0.040 2±0.000 7 | 0.001 1±0.000 006 | 0.282 457±0.000 021 | -9.4 | 1 126 | 1 739 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.15 | 91.5±1.3 | 0.031 1±0.000 4 | 0.000 7±0.000 002 | 0.282 479±0.000 017 | -8.4 | 1 083 | 1 683 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.16 | 84.9±1.1 | 0.051 4±0.000 7 | 0.001 0±0.000 007 | 0.282 461±0.000 019 | -9.2 | 1 119 | 1 728 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.17 | 90.8±2.0 | 0.040 9±0.000 3 | 0.001 0±0.000 003 | 0.282 511±0.000 019 | -7.3 | 1 047 | 1 613 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.18 | 93.5±2.0 | 0.039 4±0.000 2 | 0.000 8±0.000 001 | 0.282 457±0.000 015 | -9.1 | 1 118 | 1 732 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.19 | 91.5±2.2 | 0.035 3±0.000 8 | 0.000 8±0.000 011 | 0.282 474±0.000 017 | -8.6 | 1 094 | 1 695 | -0.98 |
表2 西藏孔隆晚白垩世火山岩锆石Hf同位素数据(样品PN-Q)
Table 2 Zircon Hf isotopic data of the Late Cretaceous Konglong volcanic rocks (sample PN-Q) in Tibet
样号及测点号 | (年龄±1σ)/Ma | 176Yb/177Hf±2σ | 176Lu/177Hf±2σ | 176Hf/177Hf±2σ | εHf(t) | TDM1 | TDM2 | fLu/Hf |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PN-Q.1 | 93.3±3.3 | 0.047 9±0.000 3 | 0.001 2±0.000 002 | 0.282 509±0.000 021 | -7.3 | 1 057 | 1 618 | -0.96 |
PN-Q.2 | 93.9±3.7 | 0.025 7±0.000 2 | 0.000 6±0.000 002 | 0.282 433±0.000 022 | -10.0 | 1 147 | 1 786 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.3 | 90.7±4.5 | 0.043 5±0.000 4 | 0.001 0±0.000 012 | 0.282 449±0.000 020 | -9.5 | 1 135 | 1 752 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.4 | 92.4±3.0 | 0.040 4±0.000 3 | 0.000 9±0.000 007 | 0.282 469±0.000 022 | -8.8 | 1 106 | 1 707 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.5 | 96.1±3.2 | 0.036 8±0.000 1 | 0.000 8±0.000 003 | 0.282 424±0.000 022 | -10.2 | 1 164 | 1 804 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.6 | 93.6±2.8 | 0.036 6±0.000 2 | 0.000 9±0.000 002 | 0.282 565±0.000 021 | -5.3 | 969 | 1 492 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.7 | 85.9±2.5 | 0.031 6±0.000 2 | 0.000 7±0.000 004 | 0.282 488±0.000 016 | -8.2 | 1 073 | 1 667 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.8 | 85.6±2.2 | 0.039 1±0.000 3 | 0.000 9±0.000 005 | 0.282 489±0.000 021 | -8.2 | 1 076 | 1 666 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.9 | 86.8±2.6 | 0.038 3±0.000 6 | 0.000 9±0.000 016 | 0.282 434±0.000 025 | -10.1 | 1 154 | 1 788 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.10 | 87.7±1.9 | 0.040 6±0.000 2 | 0.000 9±0.000 002 | 0.282 472±0.000 018 | -8.7 | 1 099 | 1 702 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.11 | 84.5±2.3 | 0.036 4±0.000 1 | 0.000 8±0.000 003 | 0.282 491±0.000 019 | -8.1 | 1 071 | 1 661 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.12 | 85.8±1.3 | 0.039 9±0.000 3 | 0.000 9±0.000 011 | 0.282 479±0.000 017 | -8.5 | 1 090 | 1 689 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.13 | 85.7±1.4 | 0.043 8±0.000 6 | 0.000 9±0.000 005 | 0.282 493±0.000 019 | -8.0 | 1 071 | 1 656 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.14 | 84.6±1.5 | 0.040 2±0.000 7 | 0.001 1±0.000 006 | 0.282 457±0.000 021 | -9.4 | 1 126 | 1 739 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.15 | 91.5±1.3 | 0.031 1±0.000 4 | 0.000 7±0.000 002 | 0.282 479±0.000 017 | -8.4 | 1 083 | 1 683 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.16 | 84.9±1.1 | 0.051 4±0.000 7 | 0.001 0±0.000 007 | 0.282 461±0.000 019 | -9.2 | 1 119 | 1 728 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.17 | 90.8±2.0 | 0.040 9±0.000 3 | 0.001 0±0.000 003 | 0.282 511±0.000 019 | -7.3 | 1 047 | 1 613 | -0.97 |
PN-Q.18 | 93.5±2.0 | 0.039 4±0.000 2 | 0.000 8±0.000 001 | 0.282 457±0.000 015 | -9.1 | 1 118 | 1 732 | -0.98 |
PN-Q.19 | 91.5±2.2 | 0.035 3±0.000 8 | 0.000 8±0.000 011 | 0.282 474±0.000 017 | -8.6 | 1 094 | 1 695 | -0.98 |
样号 | SiO2 | TiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3T | MnO | MgO | CaO | Na2O | K2O | P2O5 | LOI | 总量 | Mg# |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P20-1-DH1 | 75.23 | 0.18 | 12.45 | 1.35 | 0.04 | 0.22 | 0.68 | 3.16 | 5.03 | 0.09 | 1.13 | 99.56 | 12 |
P20-1-DH2 | 73.19 | 0.30 | 13.01 | 1.41 | 0.05 | 0.57 | 1.11 | 3.26 | 5.14 | 0.10 | 1.34 | 99.48 | 26 |
P20-1-DH3 | 73.99 | 0.28 | 12.80 | 1.38 | 0.04 | 0.28 | 1.06 | 3.39 | 5.09 | 0.04 | 1.14 | 99.49 | 15 |
P20-1-DH4 | 75.15 | 0.21 | 12.33 | 1.39 | 0.03 | 0.32 | 0.81 | 3.22 | 5.04 | 0.04 | 0.98 | 99.52 | 16 |
P20-1-DH5 | 74.25 | 0.17 | 12.73 | 1.41 | 0.04 | 0.27 | 0.90 | 3.45 | 5.06 | 0.04 | 1.14 | 99.46 | 14 |
PN-Q1 | 72.12 | 0.17 | 11.84 | 2.01 | 0.03 | 0.23 | 3.87 | 0.12 | 4.22 | 0.04 | 5.49 | 100.14 | 9 |
PN-Q2 | 72.64 | 0.18 | 11.73 | 1.97 | 0.03 | 0.22 | 3.68 | 0.14 | 4.45 | 0.03 | 5.25 | 100.32 | 9 |
PN-Q3 | 72.35 | 0.17 | 12.02 | 1.98 | 0.02 | 0.26 | 3.59 | 0.13 | 4.37 | 0.04 | 5.13 | 100.06 | 10 |
样号 | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb |
P20-1-DH1 | 59.50 | 108.00 | 12.70 | 43.60 | 7.16 | 0.69 | 6.89 | 0.96 | 5.74 | 1.19 | 3.71 | 0.63 | 3.47 |
P20-1-DH2 | 61.50 | 121.00 | 13.40 | 51.70 | 8.16 | 0.80 | 7.04 | 1.06 | 5.81 | 1.19 | 3.48 | 0.62 | 3.33 |
P20-1-DH3 | 63.10 | 117.00 | 13.50 | 47.30 | 7.99 | 0.79 | 7.62 | 1.12 | 6.39 | 1.28 | 3.85 | 0.67 | 3.63 |
P20-1-DH4 | 55.20 | 104.00 | 11.70 | 41.50 | 6.90 | 0.69 | 6.43 | 0.91 | 5.43 | 1.11 | 3.43 | 0.62 | 3.34 |
P20-1-DH5 | 54.90 | 104.00 | 11.90 | 41.90 | 6.99 | 0.68 | 7.07 | 1.04 | 5.82 | 1.17 | 3.48 | 0.61 | 3.44 |
PN-Q1 | 45.69 | 78.88 | 9.96 | 35.41 | 6.74 | 0.91 | 6.03 | 0.89 | 4.9 | 0.96 | 2.73 | 0.39 | 2.45 |
PN-Q2 | 47.34 | 80.23 | 10.34 | 36.75 | 6.84 | 0.87 | 6.12 | 1.04 | 5.11 | 0.91 | 2.83 | 0.37 | 2.48 |
PN-Q3 | 46.18 | 79.15 | 9.54 | 34.76 | 7.03 | 0.94 | 6.20 | 0.82 | 5.04 | 1.04 | 2.67 | 0.38 | 2.36 |
样号 | Lu | Sc | V | Cr | Co | Ni | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Ba | Hf |
P20-1-DH1 | 0.61 | 5.13 | 6.12 | <5 | 11.1 | 2.47 | 187 | 90.4 | 34.9 | 179 | 10.5 | 527 | 3.30 |
P20-1-DH2 | 0.61 | 5.09 | 7.66 | 10.50 | 12.9 | 5.28 | 204 | 95.2 | 31.8 | 177 | 12.1 | 557 | 3.79 |
P20-1-DH3 | 0.63 | 5.03 | 4.63 | <5 | 12.4 | 1.83 | 186 | 99.5 | 37.9 | 166 | 12.0 | 507 | 3.77 |
P20-1-DH4 | 0.59 | 4.75 | 7.11 | 6.20 | 10.1 | 2.46 | 191 | 90.5 | 32.4 | 171 | 11.5 | 515 | 3.69 |
P20-1-DH5 | 0.63 | 5.23 | 5.94 | 9.90 | 11.9 | 2.04 | 188 | 91.7 | 36.3 | 163 | 11.9 | 519 | 3.57 |
PN-Q1 | 0.36 | 6.39 | 18.88 | 15.30 | 1.9 | 3.20 | 165 | 91.0 | 26.8 | 134 | 10.8 | 397 | 4.24 |
PN-Q2 | 0.34 | 6.08 | 16.75 | 13.80 | 2.0 | 3.32 | 158 | 93.3 | 24.2 | 139 | 10.9 | 413 | 4.13 |
PN-Q3 | 0.36 | 6.46 | 17.96 | 16.40 | 1.8 | 3.11 | 175 | 89.9 | 27.3 | 133 | 10.8 | 388 | 4.27 |
样号 | Ta | Pb | Th | U | Li | Cu | Zn | W | |||||
P20-1-DH1 | 0.94 | 30.00 | 22.4 | 4.35 | 27.00 | 1.88 | 58.00 | 102.00 | |||||
P20-1-DH2 | 1.21 | 25.80 | 25.5 | 4.80 | 23.70 | 3.20 | 136.00 | 124.00 | |||||
P20-1-DH3 | 1.19 | 46.80 | 24.2 | 5.02 | 27.20 | 3.04 | 43.80 | 123.00 | |||||
P20-1-DH4 | 1.14 | 13.00 | 22.4 | 4.56 | 23.60 | 2.42 | 32.00 | 98.20 | |||||
P20-1-DH5 | 1.16 | 25.20 | 22.3 | 4.48 | 26.00 | 2.95 | 66.50 | 112.00 | |||||
PN-Q1 | 1.01 | 24.44 | 20.7 | 3.06 | 34.15 | 3.83 | 45.06 | 1.68 | |||||
PN-Q2 | 1.12 | 25.60 | 19.8 | 3.22 | 33.85 | 3.64 | 42.14 | 2.23 | |||||
PN-Q3 | 1.18 | 21.50 | 21.3 | 2.90 | 35.67 | 3.91 | 47.43 | 1.54 |
表3 西藏孔隆晚白垩世火山岩全岩地球化学分析结果
Table 3 Whole-rock geochemical data of the Late Cretaceous Konglong volcanic rocks in Tibet
样号 | SiO2 | TiO2 | Al2O3 | Fe2O3T | MnO | MgO | CaO | Na2O | K2O | P2O5 | LOI | 总量 | Mg# |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
P20-1-DH1 | 75.23 | 0.18 | 12.45 | 1.35 | 0.04 | 0.22 | 0.68 | 3.16 | 5.03 | 0.09 | 1.13 | 99.56 | 12 |
P20-1-DH2 | 73.19 | 0.30 | 13.01 | 1.41 | 0.05 | 0.57 | 1.11 | 3.26 | 5.14 | 0.10 | 1.34 | 99.48 | 26 |
P20-1-DH3 | 73.99 | 0.28 | 12.80 | 1.38 | 0.04 | 0.28 | 1.06 | 3.39 | 5.09 | 0.04 | 1.14 | 99.49 | 15 |
P20-1-DH4 | 75.15 | 0.21 | 12.33 | 1.39 | 0.03 | 0.32 | 0.81 | 3.22 | 5.04 | 0.04 | 0.98 | 99.52 | 16 |
P20-1-DH5 | 74.25 | 0.17 | 12.73 | 1.41 | 0.04 | 0.27 | 0.90 | 3.45 | 5.06 | 0.04 | 1.14 | 99.46 | 14 |
PN-Q1 | 72.12 | 0.17 | 11.84 | 2.01 | 0.03 | 0.23 | 3.87 | 0.12 | 4.22 | 0.04 | 5.49 | 100.14 | 9 |
PN-Q2 | 72.64 | 0.18 | 11.73 | 1.97 | 0.03 | 0.22 | 3.68 | 0.14 | 4.45 | 0.03 | 5.25 | 100.32 | 9 |
PN-Q3 | 72.35 | 0.17 | 12.02 | 1.98 | 0.02 | 0.26 | 3.59 | 0.13 | 4.37 | 0.04 | 5.13 | 100.06 | 10 |
样号 | La | Ce | Pr | Nd | Sm | Eu | Gd | Tb | Dy | Ho | Er | Tm | Yb |
P20-1-DH1 | 59.50 | 108.00 | 12.70 | 43.60 | 7.16 | 0.69 | 6.89 | 0.96 | 5.74 | 1.19 | 3.71 | 0.63 | 3.47 |
P20-1-DH2 | 61.50 | 121.00 | 13.40 | 51.70 | 8.16 | 0.80 | 7.04 | 1.06 | 5.81 | 1.19 | 3.48 | 0.62 | 3.33 |
P20-1-DH3 | 63.10 | 117.00 | 13.50 | 47.30 | 7.99 | 0.79 | 7.62 | 1.12 | 6.39 | 1.28 | 3.85 | 0.67 | 3.63 |
P20-1-DH4 | 55.20 | 104.00 | 11.70 | 41.50 | 6.90 | 0.69 | 6.43 | 0.91 | 5.43 | 1.11 | 3.43 | 0.62 | 3.34 |
P20-1-DH5 | 54.90 | 104.00 | 11.90 | 41.90 | 6.99 | 0.68 | 7.07 | 1.04 | 5.82 | 1.17 | 3.48 | 0.61 | 3.44 |
PN-Q1 | 45.69 | 78.88 | 9.96 | 35.41 | 6.74 | 0.91 | 6.03 | 0.89 | 4.9 | 0.96 | 2.73 | 0.39 | 2.45 |
PN-Q2 | 47.34 | 80.23 | 10.34 | 36.75 | 6.84 | 0.87 | 6.12 | 1.04 | 5.11 | 0.91 | 2.83 | 0.37 | 2.48 |
PN-Q3 | 46.18 | 79.15 | 9.54 | 34.76 | 7.03 | 0.94 | 6.20 | 0.82 | 5.04 | 1.04 | 2.67 | 0.38 | 2.36 |
样号 | Lu | Sc | V | Cr | Co | Ni | Rb | Sr | Y | Zr | Nb | Ba | Hf |
P20-1-DH1 | 0.61 | 5.13 | 6.12 | <5 | 11.1 | 2.47 | 187 | 90.4 | 34.9 | 179 | 10.5 | 527 | 3.30 |
P20-1-DH2 | 0.61 | 5.09 | 7.66 | 10.50 | 12.9 | 5.28 | 204 | 95.2 | 31.8 | 177 | 12.1 | 557 | 3.79 |
P20-1-DH3 | 0.63 | 5.03 | 4.63 | <5 | 12.4 | 1.83 | 186 | 99.5 | 37.9 | 166 | 12.0 | 507 | 3.77 |
P20-1-DH4 | 0.59 | 4.75 | 7.11 | 6.20 | 10.1 | 2.46 | 191 | 90.5 | 32.4 | 171 | 11.5 | 515 | 3.69 |
P20-1-DH5 | 0.63 | 5.23 | 5.94 | 9.90 | 11.9 | 2.04 | 188 | 91.7 | 36.3 | 163 | 11.9 | 519 | 3.57 |
PN-Q1 | 0.36 | 6.39 | 18.88 | 15.30 | 1.9 | 3.20 | 165 | 91.0 | 26.8 | 134 | 10.8 | 397 | 4.24 |
PN-Q2 | 0.34 | 6.08 | 16.75 | 13.80 | 2.0 | 3.32 | 158 | 93.3 | 24.2 | 139 | 10.9 | 413 | 4.13 |
PN-Q3 | 0.36 | 6.46 | 17.96 | 16.40 | 1.8 | 3.11 | 175 | 89.9 | 27.3 | 133 | 10.8 | 388 | 4.27 |
样号 | Ta | Pb | Th | U | Li | Cu | Zn | W | |||||
P20-1-DH1 | 0.94 | 30.00 | 22.4 | 4.35 | 27.00 | 1.88 | 58.00 | 102.00 | |||||
P20-1-DH2 | 1.21 | 25.80 | 25.5 | 4.80 | 23.70 | 3.20 | 136.00 | 124.00 | |||||
P20-1-DH3 | 1.19 | 46.80 | 24.2 | 5.02 | 27.20 | 3.04 | 43.80 | 123.00 | |||||
P20-1-DH4 | 1.14 | 13.00 | 22.4 | 4.56 | 23.60 | 2.42 | 32.00 | 98.20 | |||||
P20-1-DH5 | 1.16 | 25.20 | 22.3 | 4.48 | 26.00 | 2.95 | 66.50 | 112.00 | |||||
PN-Q1 | 1.01 | 24.44 | 20.7 | 3.06 | 34.15 | 3.83 | 45.06 | 1.68 | |||||
PN-Q2 | 1.12 | 25.60 | 19.8 | 3.22 | 33.85 | 3.64 | 42.14 | 2.23 | |||||
PN-Q3 | 1.18 | 21.50 | 21.3 | 2.90 | 35.67 | 3.91 | 47.43 | 1.54 |
图4 西藏孔隆地区晚白垩世火山岩地球化学图解 (a)Nb/Y-Zr/TiO2图解[36];(b)Co-Th图解[37];(c)YbN-(La/Yb)N[38];(d)Y-Sr/Y图解[38];中拉萨地块数据据文献[12,15,23]
Fig.4 Geochemical discrimination plots for the Late Cretaceous Konglong volcanic rocks in Tibet
图5 西藏孔隆晚白垩世火山岩微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图(a)及稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图(b)(标准化数据据文献[41],拉萨地块数据据文献[4,7-8,10-15,23],麦多弄巴岩体数据未发表)
Fig. 5 Primitive-mantle-normalized trace element (a) and chondrite-normalized REE (b) patterns for the Late Cretaceous Konglong volcanic rocks (normalizing value from ref.[41]; data of the Lhasa terrane after refs.[4,7-8,10-15,23]; data of Maiduonongba granite are unpublished)
位置 | 区位 | 岩石类型 | 时代/Ma | 地球化学亲缘性 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
班公湖 | 北拉萨地块西 | 花岗闪长岩 | 90.7~82.9 | 高Sr、低Y,埃达克岩 | [ |
Zhuogapu | 北拉萨地块 | 安山岩 | 91 | 高Mg#,低Sr、高Y;εHf>0 | [ |
Azhang | 北拉萨地块 | 英安流纹岩、英安岩 | 90~87 | 高Sr、低Y,埃达克岩;εHf>0 | [ |
尼玛南东 | 北拉萨地块 | 英安岩、安山岩 | 91 | 负Eu异常,弱负Ce异常 | [ |
Zhongcang | 北拉萨地块 | 花岗闪长岩 | 90.7 | 偏铝质端,高Mg#埃达克岩;过铝质端, 负Eu、Sr异常,高Mg#、Cr | [ |
雄梅 | 北拉萨地块 | 安山质、英安质火山岩, 流纹质火山岩 | 85.1 | 安山质、英安质火山岩为埃达克岩, 流纹岩低Sr、高Y,低地幔相容 元素;εHf>0 | [ |
尕尔穷 | 北拉萨地块西 | 安山岩、闪长岩 | 84.6 | 高Mg#埃达克岩 | [ |
拔扎拉 | 中拉萨地块北缘 | 含矿斑岩 | 90~88 | 高Mg#埃达克岩 | [ |
措勤南东 | 中拉萨地块南 | 含铜二长花岗斑岩、辉绿玢岩 | 90.1~87.2 | 双峰式火山岩 | [ |
孔隆 | 中拉萨地块南缘 | 英安流纹质、流纹质火山岩 | 88 | 低Sr、高Y,低地幔相容 元素;εHf<0 | 本文 |
门巴 | 中拉萨地块南缘 | 花岗闪长岩 | 88.3 | 高Sr、低Y,埃达克岩, 弱负Eu异常,εHf<0 | [ |
白堆 | 南拉萨地块 | 中-基性岩脉 | 85~68 | 高Mg#,无Eu异常,高Sr、低Y | [ |
米林 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 花岗岩 | 84~78 | 高Sr、低Y,埃达克岩,低相容元, εHf>0,无Eu异常 | [ |
米林 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 苏长岩、角闪岩 | 93 | 镁铁质,εHf>10,负Nd异常, | [ |
米林 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 紫苏花岗岩 | 86.6~88.3 | 高Sr、低Y、Yb,埃达克岩, | [ |
朗县 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 花岗闪长岩 | 82.7~80.4 | 埃达克岩,高La/Yb,Sr/Y | [ |
朗县 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 煌斑岩、石英闪长岩、 二云母花岗岩 | 96~76 | 埃达克岩,低MgO、Cr、Ni | [ |
表4 拉萨地块晚白垩世早期(100~80 Ma)岩浆作用对比
Table 4 Correlation of the early Late Cretaceous (100-80 Ma) magmatism in the Lhasa terrane
位置 | 区位 | 岩石类型 | 时代/Ma | 地球化学亲缘性 | 参考文献 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
班公湖 | 北拉萨地块西 | 花岗闪长岩 | 90.7~82.9 | 高Sr、低Y,埃达克岩 | [ |
Zhuogapu | 北拉萨地块 | 安山岩 | 91 | 高Mg#,低Sr、高Y;εHf>0 | [ |
Azhang | 北拉萨地块 | 英安流纹岩、英安岩 | 90~87 | 高Sr、低Y,埃达克岩;εHf>0 | [ |
尼玛南东 | 北拉萨地块 | 英安岩、安山岩 | 91 | 负Eu异常,弱负Ce异常 | [ |
Zhongcang | 北拉萨地块 | 花岗闪长岩 | 90.7 | 偏铝质端,高Mg#埃达克岩;过铝质端, 负Eu、Sr异常,高Mg#、Cr | [ |
雄梅 | 北拉萨地块 | 安山质、英安质火山岩, 流纹质火山岩 | 85.1 | 安山质、英安质火山岩为埃达克岩, 流纹岩低Sr、高Y,低地幔相容 元素;εHf>0 | [ |
尕尔穷 | 北拉萨地块西 | 安山岩、闪长岩 | 84.6 | 高Mg#埃达克岩 | [ |
拔扎拉 | 中拉萨地块北缘 | 含矿斑岩 | 90~88 | 高Mg#埃达克岩 | [ |
措勤南东 | 中拉萨地块南 | 含铜二长花岗斑岩、辉绿玢岩 | 90.1~87.2 | 双峰式火山岩 | [ |
孔隆 | 中拉萨地块南缘 | 英安流纹质、流纹质火山岩 | 88 | 低Sr、高Y,低地幔相容 元素;εHf<0 | 本文 |
门巴 | 中拉萨地块南缘 | 花岗闪长岩 | 88.3 | 高Sr、低Y,埃达克岩, 弱负Eu异常,εHf<0 | [ |
白堆 | 南拉萨地块 | 中-基性岩脉 | 85~68 | 高Mg#,无Eu异常,高Sr、低Y | [ |
米林 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 花岗岩 | 84~78 | 高Sr、低Y,埃达克岩,低相容元, εHf>0,无Eu异常 | [ |
米林 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 苏长岩、角闪岩 | 93 | 镁铁质,εHf>10,负Nd异常, | [ |
米林 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 紫苏花岗岩 | 86.6~88.3 | 高Sr、低Y、Yb,埃达克岩, | [ |
朗县 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 花岗闪长岩 | 82.7~80.4 | 埃达克岩,高La/Yb,Sr/Y | [ |
朗县 | 南拉萨地块南东 | 煌斑岩、石英闪长岩、 二云母花岗岩 | 96~76 | 埃达克岩,低MgO、Cr、Ni | [ |
图7 拉萨地块113~88 Ma地球动力学演化示意图(修改自文献[27]) LMF.洛巴唯—米粒山断裂带;SNMZ.狮泉河—纳木错蛇绿混杂岩带;BNSZ.班公湖—怒江缝合带
Fig.7 Schematic geodynamic evolution model of the Lhasa terrane during ca.113 to ca.88 Ma (modified after ref.[27])
图8 拉萨地块晚白垩世火山岩(Y+Nb)-Rb(a)及Yb-Ta(b)构造环境图解 (底图据文献[52])
Fig.8 (Y+Nb)-Rb (a) and Yb-Ta (b) tectonic discrimination plots of the Late Cretaceous volcanic rocks in Lhasa terrane (base map after ref.[52])
图6 拉萨地块晚白垩世火山岩t-εHf(t)图解(拉萨地块数据据文献[4,6-8,14,22-23])
Fig.6 Plot of εHf(t) vs.age for the Late Cretaceous volcanic rocks in Lhasa terrane (Lhasa terrane data from refs.[4,6-8,14,22-23])
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