滇西双江县勐库地区退变质榴辉岩的岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

滇西双江勐库地区新发现的退变质榴辉岩呈构造透镜体产于奥陶纪湾河蛇绿混杂岩的白云母构造片岩内,勐库地区是目前云南省境内唯一退变质榴辉岩产地。岩石地球化学分析结果显示,退变质榴辉岩的SiO₂含量为47.22%~50.40%,全碱(Na₂O+K₂O)含量为2.28%~4.15%,Al₂O₃含量为13.70%~15.58%,TiO₂含量为1.39%~3.95%,可分为中Ti(1.39%~1.83%)和高Ti(3.30%~3.95%)两种类型。退变质榴辉岩的主要原岩是拉班玄武岩,少部分具碱性玄武岩特征。多数原岩为拉斑玄武岩的样品具TiO₂含量高、Eu异常不明显及缓右倾稀土元素配分模式特征,其稀土元素配分模式和微量元素蛛网图特征均与E-MORB相似而与N-MORB不同,投在MORB和E-MORB范围,推测其原岩很可能形成于E-MORB环境;少部分原岩为碱性玄武岩的样品,其TiO₂含量中等,较原岩为拉斑玄武岩样品具更高的ΣREE和ΣLREE含量,投在OIB范围,推测其原岩可能形成于OIB环境。勐库地区退变质榴辉岩样品的岩石地球化学特征与其赋存的奥陶纪湾河蛇绿岩颇为相似,暗示可能是其俯冲消减作用的产物。此外,研究样品同时具有E-MORB和OIB的特征,且与青藏高原羌塘中部榴辉岩相似,表明在特提斯洋演化过程中地幔柱岩浆和正常洋中脊亏损地幔岩浆的相互作用可能是广泛存在的。

关键词: 退变质榴辉岩, 岩石地球化学特征, 地质意义, 滇西双江县勐库区

Abstract:

The newly found retrograde eclogite in Mengku in Yunnan Province occurs as lenses within muscovite schist. The results of geochemical analysis show that the contents of SiO₂, total alkali (Na₂O+K₂O), Al₂O₃ and TiO₂ range from 47.22% to 50.40%, 2.28% to 4.15%, 13.70% to 15.58% and from 1.39% to 3.95%, respectively, and the TiO₂ can be divided into medium (1.39% to 1.83%) and high (3.30% to 3.95%) groups. Most samples with protolith as tholeiitic basalt are characterized by high contents of TiO₂, inconspicuous Eu anomaly and slight LREE enrichment. The characteristics of REE patterns and trace elements spider diagrams of this type of samples are similar to those of E-MORB but different from N-MORB, and these samples are plotted into the fields of MORB and E-MORB in tectonic discrimination diagrams, suggesting that the protolith was formed under the environment of oceanic basin. Some samples with protolith as alkaline basalt are characterized by medium contents of TiO₂ and higher contents of ΣREE and ΣLREE than those samples metamorphosed from tholeiitic basalt. This type of samples is plotted into the field of OIB, indicating that the protolith was formed under the setting of OIB. The geochemical characteristics of retrograde eclogite are similar to those of their hosting Ordovician Wanhe ophiolite in Mengku area, implying that the retrograde eclogite is the product of the Ordovician oceanic subduction. Additionally, the samples from the study area have both characteristics of E-MORB and OIB, which are similar to those of the central Qiangtang eclogite, implying that a interaction between mantle plume magma and normal mid-oceanic ridge magma existed widely during the evolution of Tethys ocean.

Key words: retrograde eclogite, lithogeochemistrical characteristic, geological significance, Mengku area, Shuangjiang County, Western Yunnan Province

中图分类号:

P585
P595

孙载波, 李静, 周坤, 曾文涛, 段向东, 赵江泰, 徐桂香, 樊岳华. 滇西双江县勐库地区退变质榴辉岩的岩石地球化学特征及其地质意义[J]. 现代地质, 2017, 31(04): 746-756.

SUN Zaibo, LI Jing, ZHOU Kun, ZENG Wentao, DUAN Xiangdong, ZHAO Jiangtai, XU Guixiang, FAN Yuehua. Geochemical Characteristics and Geological Significance of Retrograde Eclogite in Mengku Area, Shuangjiang County, Western Yunnan Province, China[J]. Geoscience, 2017, 31(04): 746-756.

图/表 8

图1 青藏高原榴辉岩分布(a)[14]和研究区退变质榴辉岩的出露位置地质简图(b)[27] 1.第四系; 2.新近系; 3.侏罗系; 4.上三叠统; 5.西部上古生界被动陆缘沉积; 6.东部上古生界被动-主动陆缘沉积; 7.西部下古生界大陆边缘沉积(勐统群及相当地层); 8.东部下古生界大陆边缘沉积(澜沧岩群); 9.古元古界崇山岩群; 10.古近纪正长花岗岩; 11.中三叠世二长花岗岩; 12.二叠纪花岗闪长岩; 13.石炭纪铜厂街蛇绿混杂岩; 14.奥陶纪湾河蛇绿混杂岩; 15.同位素采样位置及年龄值; 16.正长花岗岩; 17.二长花岗岩; 18.花岗闪长岩; 19.地质界线; 20.角度不整合界线; 21.断层; 22.双江勐库地区退变质榴辉岩出露位置;23.忙那河剖面;24.控角剖面;25.青藏高原榴辉岩出露位置

Fig.1 Geological map of eclogite distribution in Tibetan Plateau (a)[14] and outcrop location of retrograde eclogite in the study area(b)[27]

图2 退变质榴辉岩的野外及显微照片 Omp.绿辉石;Grt.石榴子石;Hb.角闪岩

Fig.2 Photographs and photomicrographs of retrograde eclogite

图3 勐库地区榴辉岩稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分模式图(a)和原始地幔标准化微量元素蛛网图(b) 羌塘数据据张修政等[14];球粒陨石和原始地幔标准化值分别据Talyor等[34],1985和Sun等[35],1989

Fig.3 Chondrite-normalized REE distribution diagram (a) and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagram (b) of retrograde eclogite in Mengku area

表1 退变质榴辉岩的主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素分析结果

Table 1 Major elements, trace elements and REE composition of retrograde eclogite

样品号	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	TFeO	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	P₂O₅	烧失量	总量
D1549-2-1	50.04	1.83	14.34	2.07	10.30	0.22	7.52	9.35	3.31	0.84	0.18	3.09	100.00
D1549-4-1	47.55	1.77	15.28	3.16	9.27	0.21	5.25	14.78	2.19	0.10	0.21	1.42	99.77
D1549-4-2	47.75	1.50	15.58	3.36	9.35	0.22	5.37	13.83	2.45	0.19	0.21	1.10	99.81
D1552-1-3	47.77	1.39	15.34	2.99	8.30	0.15	5.32	15.62	2.47	0.19	0.12	1.30	99.66
D1552-1-5	50.40	3.36	13.70	2.89	11.27	0.51	5.86	7.47	3.55	0.46	0.54	0.44	100.01
D1502-9-1	47.22	3.31	14.76	4.28	10.76	0.24	5.82	9.42	2.90	0.63	0.62	2.08	99.96
D1502-9-3	47.83	3.30	14.84	4.27	10.32	0.21	6.37	8.37	3.20	0.58	0.62	2.02	99.91
D1552-1-1	48.90	3.95	14.43	4.39	10.57	0.26	4.35	8.88	3.15	0.50	0.61	0.43	99.99
样品号	Zr	Zn	V	Th	Sc	Sr	Rb	Ni	Nb	Cu	Cr	Co	Ba
D1549-2-1	128.0	89.3	297	1.97	60.5	199	29.10	67.5	6.26	19.9	190	47.9	239.0
D1549-4-1	121.0	132.0	256	0.94	55.3	986	1.76	49.3	8.54	87.8	116	41.1	13.2
D1549-4-2	99.4	90.4	258	1.40	55.0	480	5.76	161.0	4.77	40.9	399	46.6	46.4
D1552-1-3	80.4	53.2	251	0.84	60.0	454	2.36	63.6	6.66	42.8	139	39.3	14.8
D1552-1-5	176.0	159.0	310	4.36	33.5	134	13.30	80.8	48.10	46.1	158	40.3	95.6
D1502-9-1	169.0	81.4	320	3.07	36.6	506	18.60	84.8	26.40	78.6	108	53.2	2 080.0
D1502-9-3	164.0	92.2	319	3.21	36.6	401	19.10	91.7	25.50	114.0	107	58.2	770.0
D1552-1-1	263.0	103.0	340	5.32	37.1	169	17.50	49.5	31.70	111.0	128	40.9	124.0
样品号	Hf	Ta	U	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho
D1549-2-1	3.43	0.38	0.44	7.73	21.2	2.78	14.0	4.24	1.67	4.73	0.96	6.66	1.44
D1549-4-1	3.11	0.48	0.55	6.95	19.2	2.62	13.7	4.24	1.50	4.74	0.99	7.00	1.56
D1549-4-2	2.65	0.27	0.58	5.49	15.5	2.19	11.5	3.70	1.39	4.14	0.89	6.31	1.40
D1552-1-3	2.18	0.38	1.10	5.74	15.0	2.04	10.5	3.34	1.30	3.80	0.80	5.62	1.20
D1552-1-5	4.39	1.47	1.26	27.5	68.9	8.20	37.4	8.59	2.88	7.73	1.24	7.31	1.39
D1502-9-1	4.14	1.40	0.78	29.2	71.6	8.25	36.2	7.20	2.74	6.30	1.00	5.84	1.11
D1502-9-3	4.06	1.41	0.85	30.7	74.3	8.73	39.4	8.04	3.20	7.03	1.07	6.00	1.14
D1552-1-1	6.55	1.81	1.37	31.3	78.2	9.39	42.7	9.61	3.35	8.87	1.44	8.15	1.54
样品号	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	Y	ΣREE	LREE	HREE	LREE/ HREE	(La/Yb)_N	(La/Sm)_N	(Gd/Yb)_N	δEu
D1549-2-1	3.87	0.62	4.01	0.55	33.0	107.46	51.62	55.84	0.92	1.27	1.11	0.94	1.15
D1549-4-1	4.28	0.69	4.54	0.64	37.0	109.65	48.21	61.44	0.78	1.01	1.00	0.84	1.03
D1549-4-2	3.84	0.63	4.10	0.57	32.4	94.05	39.77	54.28	0.73	0.88	0.90	0.81	1.10
D1552-1-3	3.23	0.5	3.27	0.46	28.4	85.20	37.92	47.28	0.80	1.16	1.05	0.93	1.12
D1552-1-5	3.56	0.52	3.21	0.44	32.2	211.07	153.47	57.60	2.66	5.64	1.95	1.93	1.07
D1502-9-1	2.82	0.40	2.57	0.36	25.2	200.79	155.19	45.60	3.40	7.50	2.47	1.97	1.22
D1502-9-3	2.86	0.40	2.60	0.36	26.0	211.83	164.37	47.46	3.46	7.81	2.32	2.17	1.28
D1552-1-1	3.86	0.55	3.47	0.45	34.5	237.38	174.55	62.83	2.78	5.96	1.98	2.05	1.10

表1 退变质榴辉岩的主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素分析结果

Table 1 Major elements, trace elements and REE composition of retrograde eclogite

样品号	SiO₂	TiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	TFeO	MnO	MgO	CaO	Na₂O	K₂O	P₂O₅	烧失量	总量
D1549-2-1	50.04	1.83	14.34	2.07	10.30	0.22	7.52	9.35	3.31	0.84	0.18	3.09	100.00
D1549-4-1	47.55	1.77	15.28	3.16	9.27	0.21	5.25	14.78	2.19	0.10	0.21	1.42	99.77
D1549-4-2	47.75	1.50	15.58	3.36	9.35	0.22	5.37	13.83	2.45	0.19	0.21	1.10	99.81
D1552-1-3	47.77	1.39	15.34	2.99	8.30	0.15	5.32	15.62	2.47	0.19	0.12	1.30	99.66
D1552-1-5	50.40	3.36	13.70	2.89	11.27	0.51	5.86	7.47	3.55	0.46	0.54	0.44	100.01
D1502-9-1	47.22	3.31	14.76	4.28	10.76	0.24	5.82	9.42	2.90	0.63	0.62	2.08	99.96
D1502-9-3	47.83	3.30	14.84	4.27	10.32	0.21	6.37	8.37	3.20	0.58	0.62	2.02	99.91
D1552-1-1	48.90	3.95	14.43	4.39	10.57	0.26	4.35	8.88	3.15	0.50	0.61	0.43	99.99
样品号	Zr	Zn	V	Th	Sc	Sr	Rb	Ni	Nb	Cu	Cr	Co	Ba
D1549-2-1	128.0	89.3	297	1.97	60.5	199	29.10	67.5	6.26	19.9	190	47.9	239.0
D1549-4-1	121.0	132.0	256	0.94	55.3	986	1.76	49.3	8.54	87.8	116	41.1	13.2
D1549-4-2	99.4	90.4	258	1.40	55.0	480	5.76	161.0	4.77	40.9	399	46.6	46.4
D1552-1-3	80.4	53.2	251	0.84	60.0	454	2.36	63.6	6.66	42.8	139	39.3	14.8
D1552-1-5	176.0	159.0	310	4.36	33.5	134	13.30	80.8	48.10	46.1	158	40.3	95.6
D1502-9-1	169.0	81.4	320	3.07	36.6	506	18.60	84.8	26.40	78.6	108	53.2	2 080.0
D1502-9-3	164.0	92.2	319	3.21	36.6	401	19.10	91.7	25.50	114.0	107	58.2	770.0
D1552-1-1	263.0	103.0	340	5.32	37.1	169	17.50	49.5	31.70	111.0	128	40.9	124.0
样品号	Hf	Ta	U	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho
D1549-2-1	3.43	0.38	0.44	7.73	21.2	2.78	14.0	4.24	1.67	4.73	0.96	6.66	1.44
D1549-4-1	3.11	0.48	0.55	6.95	19.2	2.62	13.7	4.24	1.50	4.74	0.99	7.00	1.56
D1549-4-2	2.65	0.27	0.58	5.49	15.5	2.19	11.5	3.70	1.39	4.14	0.89	6.31	1.40
D1552-1-3	2.18	0.38	1.10	5.74	15.0	2.04	10.5	3.34	1.30	3.80	0.80	5.62	1.20
D1552-1-5	4.39	1.47	1.26	27.5	68.9	8.20	37.4	8.59	2.88	7.73	1.24	7.31	1.39
D1502-9-1	4.14	1.40	0.78	29.2	71.6	8.25	36.2	7.20	2.74	6.30	1.00	5.84	1.11
D1502-9-3	4.06	1.41	0.85	30.7	74.3	8.73	39.4	8.04	3.20	7.03	1.07	6.00	1.14
D1552-1-1	6.55	1.81	1.37	31.3	78.2	9.39	42.7	9.61	3.35	8.87	1.44	8.15	1.54
样品号	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	Y	ΣREE	LREE	HREE	LREE/ HREE	(La/Yb)_N	(La/Sm)_N	(Gd/Yb)_N	δEu
D1549-2-1	3.87	0.62	4.01	0.55	33.0	107.46	51.62	55.84	0.92	1.27	1.11	0.94	1.15
D1549-4-1	4.28	0.69	4.54	0.64	37.0	109.65	48.21	61.44	0.78	1.01	1.00	0.84	1.03
D1549-4-2	3.84	0.63	4.10	0.57	32.4	94.05	39.77	54.28	0.73	0.88	0.90	0.81	1.10
D1552-1-3	3.23	0.5	3.27	0.46	28.4	85.20	37.92	47.28	0.80	1.16	1.05	0.93	1.12
D1552-1-5	3.56	0.52	3.21	0.44	32.2	211.07	153.47	57.60	2.66	5.64	1.95	1.93	1.07
D1502-9-1	2.82	0.40	2.57	0.36	25.2	200.79	155.19	45.60	3.40	7.50	2.47	1.97	1.22
D1502-9-3	2.86	0.40	2.60	0.36	26.0	211.83	164.37	47.46	3.46	7.81	2.32	2.17	1.28
D1552-1-1	3.86	0.55	3.47	0.45	34.5	237.38	174.55	62.83	2.78	5.96	1.98	2.05	1.10

图4 勐库地区退变质榴辉岩不活动元素分类图解(底图据参考文献[41]修改;△.本文数据;○.羌塘数据[14];下同)

Fig.4 Discrimination diagrams of immobile elements of retrograde eclogite in Mengku area

图5 TFeO/MgO-TiO2判别图(a)和P2O5-TiO2判别图(b)(底图据参考文献[43-44]修改) MORB.大洋中脊玄武岩;OIB.洋岛玄武岩;IAT.岛弧拉斑玄武岩

Fig.5 TFeO/MgO- TiO2 discrimination diagram (a) and P2O5- TiO2 discrimination diagram for tectonic settings (b)

图6 Zr/Y-Zr判别图解(a)和V-Ti/10000判别图解(b)(底图据参考文献[45-46]修改) WPB.板内玄武岩;IAB.岛弧玄武岩;MORB.大洋中脊玄武岩;OIB.洋岛玄武岩;IAT.岛弧拉斑玄武岩

Fig.6 Zr/Y-Zr discrimination diagram (a) and V-(Ti/10000) discrimination diagram for tectonic settings (b)

图7 Hf/3-Th-Ta判别图解(a)和Hf/3-Th-Nb/16判别图解(b)(底图据参考文献[55]修改) A.正常洋中脊玄武岩; B.富集型洋中脊玄武岩或板内拉斑玄武岩;C.板内碱性玄武岩;D.岛弧拉斑玄武岩(Hf/Th>3.0)和钙碱性玄武岩(Hf/Th<3.0)

Fig.7 Hf/3-Th-Ta discrimination diagram (a) and Hf/3-Th-Nb/16 discrimination diagram for tectonic settings (b)

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