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现代地质 ›› 2025, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (02): 467-476.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.123

• 表生资源观测模拟与综合评价 • 上一篇    下一篇

1990—2020年华北平原耕地区土壤侵蚀强度时空演变及驱动力分析

李志恒1,2,3(), 刘晓煌2,4(), 夏学齐1, 肖粤新3,5, 张文博2,4, 王然2,4, 雒新萍2,4, 邢莉圆2,4   

  1. 1.中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
    2.自然资源部自然资源要素耦合过程与效应重点实验室,北京 100055
    3.黄山水土资源野外科学观测研究站,安徽 黄山 245000
    4.中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心,北京 100055
    5.中国地质调查局长沙自然资源综合调查中心,湖南 长沙 410600
  • 出版日期:2025-04-10 发布日期:2025-05-08
  • 通信作者: 刘晓煌,男,正高级工程师,1972年出生,主要从事自然资源观测研究工作。Email: liuxh19972004@163.com
  • 作者简介:李志恒,男,硕士研究生,1998年出生,主要从事自然资源学研究工作。Email: lizhiheng98@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    自然资源部矿业城市自然资源调查监测与保护重点实验室开放课题项目(2023-B06);地质灾害监测预警与防治山西省重点实验室开放课题(2023-S03);中国地质调查局自然资源综合调查指挥中心科技创新基金项目(KC20220015);中国地质科学院基础科研业务费用专项资金项目“黄河三角洲滨海盐土植被对浅层地下水变化的响应”(JKYQN202362)

Spatiotemporal Dynamics and Multiscale Drivers of Agricultural Soil Erosion in the North China Plain from 1990 to 2020

LI Zhiheng1,2,3(), LIU Xiaohuang2,4(), XIA Xueqi1, XIAO Yuexin3,5, ZHANG Wenbo2,4, WANG Ran2,4, LUO Xinping2,4, XING Liyuan2,4   

  1. 1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    2. Key Laboratory of Coupling Process and Effect of Natural Resources Elements,Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100055, China
    3. Huangshan Observation and Research Station for Land-water Resources, Huangshan, Anhui 245000, China
    4. Command Center for Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100055, China
    5. Changsha General Survey of Natural Resources Center, China Geological Survey, Changsha, Hunan 410600, China
  • Published:2025-04-10 Online:2025-05-08

摘要:

华北平原作为中国粮食主产区,其土壤侵蚀演变规律研究对保障农业生态安全具有战略意义。本研究综合多源遥感数据集、数字地形模型及气候观测资料,构建基于AHP-地理探测器耦合模型的侵蚀驱动解析框架。通过1990—2020年时序分析(5年间隔),揭示:(1)侵蚀强度呈现显著梯度分异,无明显侵蚀区面积年均增长1.7%,其空间分布与冲积扇前缘地貌单元高度吻合(Kappa=0.68);(2)政策干预下中度以上侵蚀面积缩减率达64.3%,其中不同地貌单元对治理措施的响应规律存在差异;(3)地形交互作用存在临界阈值效应,高程(q =0.0833)与坡度(q =0.0638)协同使解释力提升40.1%(Δq=0.0335),在海拔150~300 m、坡度10°~15°过渡带形成侵蚀热点区。研究成果为构建地形能量梯度响应型治理体系提供理论支撑,确立鲁中山前丘陵带为优先实施等高耕作的关键区域。

关键词: 土壤侵蚀, 层次分析法, 地理探测器, 驱动因子, 华北平原

Abstract:

As China’s primary grain production base, the North China Plain’s soil erosion dynamics hold strategic significance for agricultural ecological security.This study integrates multi-source remote sensing data, digital terrain models, and climate observations to develop an erosion-driving mechanism framework using an AHP-Geodetector integrated model.Through time-series analysis (1990-2020 at 5-year intervals), key findings reveal that: (1) Erosion intensity exhibits marked spatial gradients, with non-significant erosion areas expanding annually by 1.7%, showing strong spatial concordance with alluvial fan frontal zones (Kappa=0.68); (2) Policy interventions reduced moderate-to-severe erosion by 64.3%, with differential response patterns observed across geomorphic units under conservation measures; (3) Topographic interactions demonstrate critical threshold effects, where elevation (q=0.0833) and slope (q=0.0638) synergistically amplify explanatory power by 40.1% (Δq=0.0335), delineating erosion hotspots in transitional zones (150-300 m elevation, 10°-15° slope).The results advance the “topographic energy gradient” theory, establishing the piedmont hills of central Shandong as priority areas for contour farming systems.This work provides a mechanistic foundation for spatially explicit soil conservation strategies in agro-ecosystems.

Key words: soil erosion, analytic hierarchy process, geographical detector, driving factor, North China Plain

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