生态补水下的永定河流域地下水水位变化规律

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.155

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2020年春季永定河流域(北京段)生态补水工作于4月20日正式开启。为了解在生态补水影响下的永定河流域北京段及北京段周边地区地下水水位变化规律,依据收集的2020年春季补水开展后的半年内地下水水位观测数据,以聚类方式进行归类,再对每类变化规律分别进行分析。结果表明,在生态补水影响下的永定河流域研究区域地下水水位动态变化类型可划分为持续下降型、先下降后上升型和持续平缓型,其中北京段、天津段和部分河北段地下水水位呈先下降后上升的变化趋势,而且存在明显的滞后性。另一部分河北段和山西段呈持续平缓型,仅有少数位点呈持续下降型。这些规律可为制定科学的生态补水方案提供技术参考。

关键词: 永定河流域, 生态补水, 地下水, 水位变化

Abstract:

In the spring of 2020, the ecological water replenishment in Yongding River Basin (Beijing section) was officially started on the 20^th of April. To understand the variation regularity of groundwater level in the Beijing section of the Yongding River basin and the surrounding areas under the influence of ecological water replenishment, based on the observation data of groundwater level within six months after the spring water reple-nishment in 2020, the data were classified by clustering method. Subsequently, each type of variation regularity was analyzed separately. The results show that the dynamic change types of groundwater level in Yongding River Basin under the ecological water replenishment influence can be divided into (1) continuous decline type, (2) decline type and then increase, and (3) continuous constant type, among which the groundwater level in the Beijing section, Tianjin section, and part of Hebei section shows type 2, and there is an obvious lag. However, the other parts of the Hebei section and Shanxi section show type 3, and only a few sites show type 1. These regularities can provide a technical reference for making scientific ecological water replenishment scheme.

Key words: Yongding River Basin, ecological hydration, groundwater, water-level fluctuation

中图分类号:

P641

胡新宇, 申媛媛, 褚婷雯, 贺巍, 魏炜, 申晓鹏. 生态补水下的永定河流域地下水水位变化规律[J]. 现代地质, 2023, 37(04): 986-993.

HU Xinyu, SHEN Yuanyuan, CHU Tingwen, HE Wei, WEI Wei, SHEN Xiaopeng. Variation Regularity of Groundwater Level in the Yongding River Basin Under Ecological Replenishment[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(04): 986-993.

图/表 9

图1 永定河流域监测点分布

Fig.1 Distribution of monitoring points in the Yongding River Basin

图2 永定河流域(北京段)所选监测位点聚类分析

Fig.2 Cluster analysis of selected monitoring sites in the Yongding River Basin (Beijing section)

图3 永定河流域(北京段)降维位点分析图(2020年)

Fig.3 Analysis chart of dimensionality reduction sites in the Yongding River Basin (Beijing section)

图4 永定河流域(天津段)所选监测位点聚类分析

Fig.4 Cluster analysis of selected monitoring sites in the Yongding River Basin (Tianjin section)

图5 永定河流域(天津段)降维位点分析(2020年)

Fig.5 Analysis chart of dimensionality reduction sites in the Yongding River Basin (Tianjin section)

图6 永定河流域(河北段)所选监测位点聚类分析

Fig.6 Cluster analysis of selected monitoring sites in the Yongding River Basin (Hebei section)

图7 永定河流域(河北段)降维位点分析(2020年)

Fig.7 Analysis charts of dimensionality reduction sites in the Yongding River Basin(Hebei section)

图8 永定河流域(山西段)所选监测位点聚类分析图

Fig.8 Cluster analysis of selected monitoring sites in the Yongding River Basin(Shanxi section)

图9 永定河流域(山西段)降维位点分析(2020年)

Fig.9 Analysis charts of dimension reduction sites in Yongding River Basin (Shanxi section)

参考文献 21

[1]	李逢泽. 浅谈水资源保护中区域地下水位下降的危害及防治[J]. 华北国土资源, 2005(3): 28-29.
[2]	TAYLOR R G, SCANLON B, DÖLL P, et al. Ground water and climate change[J]. Nature Climate Change, 2013, 3(4): 322-329. DOI
[3]	夏伟. 基于水动力水质耦合模型的西安昆明池(试验段)补水方案模拟研究[D]. 西安: 长安大学, 2019.
[4]	潘竟忠, 郝贵明, 张荣, 等. 内陆湖盐矿床人工补水工艺探索[J]. 盐业与化工, 2014, 43(4): 38-42.
[5]	毛雪慧, 林静, 彭亚莉. 基于生境营造的河流生态修复技术研究: 以东莞市人工补水河道为例[J]. 绿色科技, 2019(12): 91-94.
[6]	钱敏. 永定河的重生之路[J]. 人民周刊, 2017(11): 80-81.
[7]	潘安君. 永定河“以水开路、用水引路”生态补水探索[J]. 北京水务, 2020(3): 1-3.
[8]	杨璇铄. 水利部:2020年春季向永定河补水约1.75亿立方米规模为历年同期之最[EB/OL]. 央广网, 2020-03-15.
[9]	张晓妍, 李纪宏, 刘学婧. 京津冀协同发展背景下永定河生态治理的思路[J]. 中国工程咨询, 2017(12): 51-52.
[10]	张伟丽. 气候变化和人类活动对永定河流域径流的影响[J]. 人民黄河, 2015, 37(5): 27-30.
[11]	郑宝丰. 张家口地区永定河流域水利、水保措施对减少官厅水库泥沙淤积的作用[J]. 中国水土保持, 1992(10): 21-22.
[12]	马尧, 杨勇, 胡国金, 等. 永定河(北京段)生态补水对地下水的补给分析[J]. 北京水务, 2020(4): 22-27.
[13]	王贞岩, 高宗军, 王姝, 等. 黑河流域中游地区地下水水位多年变化特征[J]. 水电能源科学, 2019, 37(4): 140-143.
[14]	MARQUES E A G, SILVA G C Jr, EGER G Z S, et al. Analysis of groundwater and river stage fluctuations and their relationship with water use and climate variation effects on Alto Grande watershed, Northeastern Brazil[J]. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 2020, 103: 102723. DOI URL
[15]	李志萍, 谢振华, 邵景力, 等. 北京平原区浅层地下水污染风险评价[J]. 城市地质, 2013, 8(1): 43-46.
[16]	REDE H. A study of fluctuations in the level of underground water in Jalna district, Maharashtra state, India[J]. Geoscience Research, 2012, 3(2): 109-111.
[17]	罗杰, 王文科, 段磊, 等. 银川平原地下水位变化特征及其成因分析[J]. 西北地质, 2020, 53(1): 195-204.
[18]	王槿妍, 王材源, 刘翠珠, 等. 永定河生态补水水文要素变化分析[J]. 北京水务, 2020(4): 28-31, 39.
[19]	刘波, 彭相楷, 束龙仓, 等. 黄河三角洲清水沟湿地三次生态补水对地下水的影响分析[J]. 湿地科学, 2015, 13(4): 393-399.
[20]	吴润泽, 吴旭. 邯郸东部平原地下水位动态变化及影响分析[J]. 水科学与工程技术, 2020(1): 1-4.
[21]	谢浩, 梁永平, 申豪勇, 等. 汾河流域地下水位下降原因及影响[J]. 中国矿业, 2020, 29(增): 587-589.