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现代地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (03): 693-702.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.066

• 水资源与环境地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于氚同位素的安阳河中下游流域地下水更新能力研究

黄先贵1(), 平建华2(), 禹言3, 朱亚强1, 张敏1   

  1. 1.郑州大学 水利科学与工程学院,河南 郑州 450001
    2.郑州大学 地热与生态地质研究中心,河南 郑州 450001
    3.河南省巩义市水利局,河南 巩义 451200
  • 收稿日期:2019-07-20 修回日期:2020-06-21 出版日期:2021-06-23 发布日期:2021-06-24
  • 通讯作者: 平建华
  • 作者简介:平建华,男,博士,教授,1976年出生,水文学及水资源专业,主要从事水文水资源教学与研究。Email: pingjianhua@zzu.edu.cn
    黄先贵,男,硕士研究生,1994年出生,水文学及水资源专业,主要从事同位素水文地质研究。Email: 15093082755@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    NSFC—河南人才培养联合基金项目(U1504404);“安阳市水资源承载能力分析研究”

Groundwater Renewability Study Based on Tritium (3H) in the Middle and Lower Watershed of Anyang River

HUANG Xiangui1(), PING Jianhua2(), YU Yan3, ZHU Yaqiang1, ZHANG Min1   

  1. 1. School of Water Conservancy Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
    2. Geothermal and Ecological Geology Research Center, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
    3. Water Conservancy Department of Gongyi, Gongyi, Henan 451200, China
  • Received:2019-07-20 Revised:2020-06-21 Online:2021-06-23 Published:2021-06-24
  • Contact: PING Jianhua

摘要:

利用水中氚值与地下水年龄分布特征和多年平均更新速率,分析安阳河中下游流域地下水更新能力。应用MGMTP重建研究区1953—2016年大气降水氚值,应用集中参数模型(LPMs)计算地下水年龄,采用Le Gal La Shalle等提出的方法估算潜水与泉水多年平均更新速率。研究结果表明:(1)潜水与泉水由近20多年来大气降水补给。潜水样点受局部水文地质条件控制,补给径流条件差异明显。(2)小南海泉平均滞留时间23 a,多年平均更新速率3.6%,水量呈不断衰减趋势。(3)安阳河冲洪积扇扇后缘为补给区,受地表水渗漏与大气降水入渗补给,更新能力较强。扇中部至京港澳高速路地带为现代地下水,年龄40~60 a。扇前缘为现代与次现代地下水的混合水,年龄大于60 a,更新能力较弱。(4)剥蚀岗丘与冲洪积平原深层承压水为较老地下水,更新能力极弱。因此,对小南海泉域的保护需要加强,并在短时期内能取得明显成效。受南水北调中线水源补给及限量地下水开采影响,安阳市区地下水降落漏斗大幅度缩减。

关键词: 氚同位素, 地下水年龄, 地下水更新能力, 安阳河中下游流域

Abstract:

Groundwater renewable ability in the middle and lower watershed of Anyang River are studied by analyzing the tritium concentration of water, groundwater age and mean annual renewal rate (MARR). The MGMTP is employed to reconstruct the 3H concentration of atmospheric precipitation in the study area (1953-2016), whilst the groundwater age and MARR of phreatic water and springs are assessed via Lumped Parameter Modelling (LPM) and the method developed by Le Gal La Shalle et al., respectively. The results indicate that: (1) Phreatic water and springs received atmospheric precipitation recharge over the past 20 years, and the recharge and flow condition of the unconfined groundwater extended widely due to the regional hydrogeological control. (2) The mean residence time of the Xiaonanhai spring is 23 years, associated with 3.6% of MARR and its flux has been attenuating. (3) Unconfined groundwater in the empennage of the Anyang River alluvial/proluvial fan and recharge area has considerable renewable capacity, as it received direct recharge from infiltrated atmospheric precipitation and surface water leakage. Groundwater from the middle zone of the fan to the Beijing-Hongkong-Macao highway is 40-60 years old, and is largely sourced from modern atmospheric precipitation. Nevertheless, that in frontal belt of the fan has very low renewable capacity due to its mixing nature between modern groundwater and older input, with average age not younger than 60 years. (4) Deep confined groundwater in both the eroded hills and alluvial and flood plain is very old and has thus low renewability. This indicates that protection of the Xiaonanhai spring should be increased, and considerable achievement should be obtained in short period of time. The underground water depression cone in the Anyang city urban area has been substantially shrunk by the water supply from the Middle-Route of South to North Water Transfer Project, and the restriction on groundwater exploitation.

Key words: tritium, groundwater age, groundwater renewability, middle and lower watershed of Anyang River

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