Distribution Characteristics and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Topsoils and Subsoils of Hainan Island

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.05.10

Abstract

Abstract:

Geo-statistical and multivariate analyses are effective methods to determine the source and impact factors on heavy metals in the soil. The comparative analysis of contents and spatial distribution of heavy metals in topsoils and subsoils of different lithologic regions on a regional scale can also provide valuable information for distinguishing the sources of heavy metals. In our study, concentrations of 8 heavy metals were respectively measured in 8,713 topsoil samples and 2,197 subsoil samples collected from Hainan Island. The mean concentrations of As, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg in topsoils and subsoils were 5.29 mg/kg, 11.95 mg/kg, 60.79 mg/kg, 17.24 mg/kg, 26.18 mg/kg, 51.22 mg/kg, 0.081 mg/kg,0.043 mg/kg and 5.53 mg/kg, 12.89 mg/kg, 65.24 mg/kg, 19.97 mg/kg, 29.15 mg/kg, 58.87 mg/kg, 0.065 mg/kg, 0.029 mg/kg, respectively. The dominant impact factors including lithology of soil parent material, pedogenesis and human activities were figured out for heavy metals both in topsoils and subsoils by using Pearson correlation analysis and multivariate compositional analysis. The result shows that As, Co, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn mainly come from the inheritance of soil parent material and influence of the pedogenesis, while Cd and Hg are greatly affected by the input of human activities.

Key words: heavy metal, topsoil, subsoil, geo-statistical and multivariate analysis, impact factor, HainanIsland

CLC Number:

X142
P595

ZHANG Xianyi, PANG Chengbao, WANG Anting, YUAN Guoli, SANG Xuezhen, LI Yuanzhong, YANG Yi. Distribution Characteristics and Source Identification of Heavy Metals in Topsoils and Subsoils of Hainan Island[J]. Geoscience, 2020, 34(05): 970-978.

Figures/Tables 6

References 34

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样品	重金属含量	As	Co	Cr	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cd	Hg	Sc
总表层土壤样	均值	5.29	11.95	60.79	17.24	26.18	51.22	0.081	0.043	8.23
总表层土壤样	富集系数	1.22	1.18	1.19	1.10	1.14	1.11	1.64	1.89
总深层土壤样	均值	5.53	12.89	65.24	19.97	29.15	58.87	0.063	0.029	10.47
第四纪表层土壤样	均值	2.62	4.36	29.54	8.05	16.55	25.46	0.051	0.034	3.71
第四纪表层土壤样	富集系数	0.94	1.05	1.03	1.20	1.24	1.27	2.04	2.01
第四纪深层土壤样	均值	4.45	6.61	46.04	10.68	21.41	32.07	0.004	0.027	5.93
玄武岩表层土壤样	均值	2.37	56.21	285.19	71.31	13.99	115.78	0.100	0.070	25.20
玄武岩表层土壤样	富集系数	1.00	1.17	1.33	1.04	0.96	1.14	2.10	1.63
玄武岩深层土壤样	均值	2.57	52.46	234.41	74.49	15.83	111.25	0.052	0.047	27.50
沉积岩表层土壤样	均值	3.42	6.70	31.79	11.50	22.92	37.84	0.075	0.033	6.08
沉积岩表层土壤样	富集系数	1.12	1.09	1.16	1.16	1.36	1.15	1.64	2.08
沉积岩深层土壤样	均值	4.62	9.28	41.33	14.93	25.56	49.75	0.069	0.024	9.19
花岗岩表层土壤样	均值	3.60	6.05	26.44	8.40	33.81	48.63	0.079	0.039	6.19
花岗岩表层土壤样	富集系数	1.14	1.10	0.92	1.02	1.23	1.11	1.68	1.86
花岗岩深层土壤样	均值	4.23	7.39	38.26	11.01	36.76	58.74	0.063	0.028	8.28
变质岩表层土壤样	均值	19.76	9.07	51.80	18.96	28.27	53.92	0.122	0.049	9.13
变质岩表层土壤样	富集系数	1.57	1.20	1.17	1.10	1.15	1.04	1.43	2.36
变质岩深层土壤样	均值	15.70	9.45	55.44	21.49	30.63	64.84	0.107	0.026	11.42

样品	重金属含量	As	Co	Cr	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cd	Hg	Sc
总表层土壤样	均值	5.29	11.95	60.79	17.24	26.18	51.22	0.081	0.043	8.23
总表层土壤样	富集系数	1.22	1.18	1.19	1.10	1.14	1.11	1.64	1.89
总深层土壤样	均值	5.53	12.89	65.24	19.97	29.15	58.87	0.063	0.029	10.47
第四纪表层土壤样	均值	2.62	4.36	29.54	8.05	16.55	25.46	0.051	0.034	3.71
第四纪表层土壤样	富集系数	0.94	1.05	1.03	1.20	1.24	1.27	2.04	2.01
第四纪深层土壤样	均值	4.45	6.61	46.04	10.68	21.41	32.07	0.004	0.027	5.93
玄武岩表层土壤样	均值	2.37	56.21	285.19	71.31	13.99	115.78	0.100	0.070	25.20
玄武岩表层土壤样	富集系数	1.00	1.17	1.33	1.04	0.96	1.14	2.10	1.63
玄武岩深层土壤样	均值	2.57	52.46	234.41	74.49	15.83	111.25	0.052	0.047	27.50
沉积岩表层土壤样	均值	3.42	6.70	31.79	11.50	22.92	37.84	0.075	0.033	6.08
沉积岩表层土壤样	富集系数	1.12	1.09	1.16	1.16	1.36	1.15	1.64	2.08
沉积岩深层土壤样	均值	4.62	9.28	41.33	14.93	25.56	49.75	0.069	0.024	9.19
花岗岩表层土壤样	均值	3.60	6.05	26.44	8.40	33.81	48.63	0.079	0.039	6.19
花岗岩表层土壤样	富集系数	1.14	1.10	0.92	1.02	1.23	1.11	1.68	1.86
花岗岩深层土壤样	均值	4.23	7.39	38.26	11.01	36.76	58.74	0.063	0.028	8.28
变质岩表层土壤样	均值	19.76	9.07	51.80	18.96	28.27	53.92	0.122	0.049	9.13
变质岩表层土壤样	富集系数	1.57	1.20	1.17	1.10	1.15	1.04	1.43	2.36
变质岩深层土壤样	均值	15.70	9.45	55.44	21.49	30.63	64.84	0.107	0.026	11.42

重金属	Pearson相关系数
重金属	第四纪沉积物	玄武岩	沉积岩	花岗岩	变质岩
As	0.681^**	0.773^**	0.581^**	0.630^**	0.642^**
Co	0.794^**	0.589^**	0.572^**	0.561^**	0.551^**
Cr	0.734^**	0.721^**	0.701^**	0.517^**	0.534^**
Cu	0.752^**	0.770^**	0.614^**	0.580^**	0.628^**
Pb	0.630^**	0.552^**	0.547^**	0.667^**	0.522^**
Zn	0.651^**	0.622^**	0.536^**	0.539^**	0.530^**
Cd	0.388^**	0.394^**	0.165^*	0.348^**	0.101^*
Hg	0.252^*	0.177^*	0.124^*	0.122^*	0.056^*

重金属	Pearson相关系数
重金属	第四纪沉积物	玄武岩	沉积岩	花岗岩	变质岩
As	0.681^**	0.773^**	0.581^**	0.630^**	0.642^**
Co	0.794^**	0.589^**	0.572^**	0.561^**	0.551^**
Cr	0.734^**	0.721^**	0.701^**	0.517^**	0.534^**
Cu	0.752^**	0.770^**	0.614^**	0.580^**	0.628^**
Pb	0.630^**	0.552^**	0.547^**	0.667^**	0.522^**
Zn	0.651^**	0.622^**	0.536^**	0.539^**	0.530^**
Cd	0.388^**	0.394^**	0.165^*	0.348^**	0.101^*
Hg	0.252^*	0.177^*	0.124^*	0.122^*	0.056^*