Identification of Heavy Metal Distribution and Sources in Soil from a Mining Area

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.005

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the conditions of heavy metal pollution (incl. Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Ni, Cd, As, and Hg) and their sources in soils from a mining area in southern Jiangxi, a total of 40 soil samples were collected. Distribution characteristics and pollution sources of heavy metals were analyzed by a series of statistical methods, including frequency histogram, correlation, and principal component analyses. Our results suggest that: (1) Seven (out of eight) heavy metals measured in the soil samples exceed the Jiangxi background contents in varying degrees; (2) Contents of Pb, Zn, As and Hg in the soil exhibit normal distributions, while Cu, Cr, Ni and Cd contents show right inclining distributions. This may due to the varying extent of mining activities and different types of local land use; (3) Positive correlations among the soil Cu, Cr, and Ni contents suggest that they may have similar pollution sources, while the sources of Pb, Zn, and Cd may be different from those of Cu, Cr and Ni; (4) Principal component analysis suggests that contents of the eight heavy metals measured in soils may be the combined effect of two principal components, i.e., soil parent materials and mining activities; (5) Pb, Zn and Cd are the primary pollutions of the soil samples, and were mainly sourced from local mining activities.

Key words: mining area, soil, heavy metal pollution, principal component analysis, source identification

CLC Number:

P595
X53

QIAO Wen, WANG Yi, ZHANG Deqiang, YIN Xiulan, BAI Guangyu, HE Peiyong. Identification of Heavy Metal Distribution and Sources in Soil from a Mining Area[J]. Geoscience, 2022, 36(02): 543-551.

Figures/Tables 8

References 48

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参数	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cr	Ni	Cd	As	Hg
最大值	34.5	296	137	209	27.0	0.65	7.17	0.12
最小值	1.24	41.7	31.9	8.39	1.04	0.02	1.11	0.009 2
中值	8.11	102	60.2	20.3	7.69	0.09	2.64	0.04
均值	12.0	106	67.6	28.4	8.44	0.13	3.14	0.05
标准差	10.5	50.1	25.8	33.5	6.68	0.13	1.56	0.03
江西省背景值	20.8	32.1	69.0	48.0	19.0	0.10	10.4	0.09
国家风险筛选值	150	70.0	200	150	60.0	0.30	40.0	1.30
超标率/%	25	100	40	12.5	7.50	40	0	15

参数	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cr	Ni	Cd	As	Hg
最大值	34.5	296	137	209	27.0	0.65	7.17	0.12
最小值	1.24	41.7	31.9	8.39	1.04	0.02	1.11	0.009 2
中值	8.11	102	60.2	20.3	7.69	0.09	2.64	0.04
均值	12.0	106	67.6	28.4	8.44	0.13	3.14	0.05
标准差	10.5	50.1	25.8	33.5	6.68	0.13	1.56	0.03
江西省背景值	20.8	32.1	69.0	48.0	19.0	0.10	10.4	0.09
国家风险筛选值	150	70.0	200	150	60.0	0.30	40.0	1.30
超标率/%	25	100	40	12.5	7.50	40	0	15

	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cr	Ni	Cd	As	Hg
Cu	1.00
Pb	-0.40^*	1.00
Zn	0.30	0.39^*	1.00
Cr	0.88^**	-0.58^**	0.04	1.00
Ni	0.91^**	-0.52^**	0.19	0.97^**	1.00
Cd	0.68^**	0	0.51^**	0.54^**	0.59^**	1.00
As	0.22	-0.35^*	-0.05	0.36^*	0.43^**	0.11	1.00
Hg	0.43^*	-0.41^**	0.10	0.45^**	0.55^**	0.30^*	0.61^**	1.00

	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cr	Ni	Cd	As	Hg
Cu	1.00
Pb	-0.40^*	1.00
Zn	0.30	0.39^*	1.00
Cr	0.88^**	-0.58^**	0.04	1.00
Ni	0.91^**	-0.52^**	0.19	0.97^**	1.00
Cd	0.68^**	0	0.51^**	0.54^**	0.59^**	1.00
As	0.22	-0.35^*	-0.05	0.36^*	0.43^**	0.11	1.00
Hg	0.43^*	-0.41^**	0.10	0.45^**	0.55^**	0.30^*	0.61^**	1.00

因子	主成分1	主成分2
Cu	0.934	0.181
Pb	-0.513	0.436
Zn	0.363	0.810
Cr	0.551	-0.094
Ni	0.971	-0.065
Cd	0.474	0.786
As	0.467	-0.580
Hg	0.540	-0.419
特征值	3.246	2.023
贡献率/%	40.58	25.28
累积贡献率/%	40.58	65.86