Geochemical Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils in Miyun District of Beijing

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2018.01.09

Abstract

Abstract:

One thousand and sixty-five surface soil samples were systematically collected at the agricultural area in the southwest of Miyun District of Beijing,and the concentration of 8 heavy metals in the samples were analyzed, such as Ni,V,Cr,As, Cd, Pb, Zn and Hg. By the methods of multivariate statistical analysis and spatial analysis, the geochemical distributions of 8 heavy metals were stated and the main sources for them were also determined. The results show that 8 heavy metals can be classified into three groups. The first group includes Ni, V, Cr and As.The mean concentration of them was found being lower than the background values in Beijing, and the spatial distribution of them was determined being dominantly influenced by the soil parent materials. The second group includes Cd, Pb and Zn. The mean concentration of them generally exceeded the background value in Beijing, and highest values were observed in the residential area. Besides of the origination from the soil parent materials, the spatial distribution of them was determined being greatly influenced by the human activities, in which Cd underwent greater influence than Pb and Zn. The third group only includes Hg,and atmospheric deposition was proposed to be the main influence factor for its distribution. Ecological risks of 8 heavy metals were mainly assessed by Hakanson method, and the indexes of the potential ecological risk for them are relatively low in the study area.

Key words: agricultural soil, heavy metal, geochemical characteristic, ecological risk assessment, Beijing, Miyun District

CLC Number:

P595
X142

DUAN Xuchuan, LI Ping, HUANG Yong, LIN Yun, YUAN Guoli, LUO Xianrong. Geochemical Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soils in Miyun District of Beijing[J]. Geoscience, 2018, 32(01): 95-104.

Figures/Tables 10

References 49

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潜在生态风险系数E(i)	潜在生态风险指数RI	污染程度
<40	<150	轻度生态污染
40≤E(i)<80	150≤RI<300	中度生态污染
80≤E(i)<160	300≤RI<600	强度生态污染
160≤E(i)<320	≥600	很强生态污染
≥320	—	极强生态污染

潜在生态风险系数E(i)	潜在生态风险指数RI	污染程度
<40	<150	轻度生态污染
40≤E(i)<80	150≤RI<300	中度生态污染
80≤E(i)<160	300≤RI<600	强度生态污染
160≤E(i)<320	≥600	很强生态污染
≥320	—	极强生态污染

元素	平均值± 标准偏差	最大值	最小值	北京市背景值^[20-21]	富集系数
Ni	21.80±9.05	128.00	4.37	24.7	0.88
V	70.7±17.9	223.00	16.70	79.2	0.89
Cr	55.5±27.0	622.00	11.20	60.8	0.91
As	6.96±2.80	30.40	1.85	7.7	0.90
Cd	0.144±0.063	0.740	0.048	0.119	1.21
Pb	24.3±5.27	77.90	12.20	23.7	1.03
Zn	67.7±23.1	262.00	18.10	57.5	1.18
Hg	0.046±0.133	3.740	0.007	0.059	0.78

元素	平均值± 标准偏差	最大值	最小值	北京市背景值^[20-21]	富集系数
Ni	21.80±9.05	128.00	4.37	24.7	0.88
V	70.7±17.9	223.00	16.70	79.2	0.89
Cr	55.5±27.0	622.00	11.20	60.8	0.91
As	6.96±2.80	30.40	1.85	7.7	0.90
Cd	0.144±0.063	0.740	0.048	0.119	1.21
Pb	24.3±5.27	77.90	12.20	23.7	1.03
Zn	67.7±23.1	262.00	18.10	57.5	1.18
Hg	0.046±0.133	3.740	0.007	0.059	0.78

重金属	主成分
重金属	1	2	3
Ni	0.932	0.177	0.059
V	0.906	0.098	0.017
Cr	0.899	-0.010	-0.036
As	0.524	0.413	0.245
Cd	0.111	0.878	0.069
Pb	-0.023	0.852	0.078
Zn	0.233	0.825	0.074
Hg	0.036	0.128	0.977
特征值	3.467	1.899	0.914
方差/%	43.342	23.743	11.427
累积方差/%	43.342	67.085	78.511