Research Progress and Prospect of Groundwater Pump and Treat Technology

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.030

Abstract

Abstract:

Groundwater pump and treat technology (P&T) is a representative technology of groundwater reme-diation, and is at present widely used also to control and repair groundwater pollution. However, in the practical application of P&T technology, it is often interfered by the complexity of hydrogeological conditions and the special behavior of ground pollutant migration and transformation. The most important problem is tailing or rebound, which leads to low efficiency and high cost in the later stage of treatment. Based on expounding the development and evolution of P&T technology, we systematically analyzed its application conditions, technological pros and cons, system design optimization methods and its combined use with other technologies. We concluded that with the application of pumping treatment, it is more used for the pump of high concentration pollutants in the initial stage of pollution and hydraulic control to avoid pollutant diffusion. Currently, the goal of pumping changes from treatment to flow field control. The pumping/injecting wells are often located at the contamination source and plume and their upstream and downstream. The purposes of controlling pollutant diffusion and clean water diversion were achieved by pumping the contaminated water or injecting uncontaminated water into the ground to form a watershed. Our results provide suggestions for the flexible application of groundwater pump technology and the selection of prevention and control solutions for site groundwater pollution in China.

Key words: groundwater contamination, pump and treat technology, hydraulic control, optimization method, combined technology

CLC Number:

P641.1

ZHANG Li, LIU Fei, YUAN Huiqing, LIANG Kaixuan. Research Progress and Prospect of Groundwater Pump and Treat Technology[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(04): 977-985.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 Details of the concerning contaminant in the decision documents with groundwater remedies (fiscal years 2015-2017, data from ref. [3])

Fig.2 Conceptual diagram of P&T technology application

Fig.3 Selection trends of groundwater remediation measures at U.S. superfund sites (fiscal years 1982-2017, data from ref. [3])

Fig.4 Relationship between concentration and pumping time or pumping capacity and tailing and rebound effect (modified from Cohen et al.[12])

Fig.5 Statistics of P&T technology selection for groundwater remediation at superfund site (fiscal years 1982-2017, data from ref. [3])

References 39

[1]	蒲敏. 污染场地地下水抽出处理技术研究[J]. 环境工程, 2017, 35(4): 6-10.
[2]	赵勇胜. 地下水污染场地污染的控制与修复[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2007, 37(2): 303-310.
[3]	US Environmental Protection Agency. Superfund remedy report thirteenth edition (EPA-542-R-20-001)[R]. Washington: Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response, 2020.
[4]	何理, 李晶, 任丽霞, 等. 地下水环境修复工艺优化设计研究进展[J]. 水资源保护, 2014, 30(3): 1-4, 18.
[5]	徐绍辉, 朱学愚. 地下水石油污染治理的水力截获技术及数值模拟[J]. 水利学报, 1999, 30(1): 71-76.
[6]	KHAITAN S, KALAINESAN S, ERICKSON L E, et al. Remediation of sites contaminated by oil refinery operations[J]. Environmental Progress, 2006, 25(1): 20-31. DOI URL
[7]	CIAMPI P, ESPOSITO C, CASSIANI G, et al. A field-scale remediation of residual light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL): Chemical enhancers for pump and treat[J]. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2021, 28(26): 35286-35296. DOI
[8]	郭芷琳, 马瑞, 张勇, 等. 地下水污染物在高度非均质介质中的迁移过程: 机理与数值模拟综述[J]. 中国科学(地球科学), 2021, 51(11): 1817-1836.
[9]	MACKAY D M, CHERRY J A. Groundwater contamination: Pump-and-treat remediation[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1989, 23(6): 630-636. DOI URL
[10]	FREEZE R A, CHERRY J A. What has gone wrong[J]. Groundwater, 1989, 27(4): 458-464. DOI URL
[11]	TRAVIS C, DOTY C. ES&T Views: Can contaminated aquifers at superfund sites be remediated?[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1990, 24(10): 1464-1466. DOI URL
[12]	COHEN R M, VINCENT A H, MERCER J W, et al. Methods for monitoring pump-and-treat performance[R]. Washington: Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency, 1994.
[13]	GUO Z L, BRUSSEAU M L, FOGG G E. Determining the long-term operational performance of pump and treat and the possibility of closure for a large TCE plume[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 365: 796-803. DOI PMID
[14]	GUO Z L, FOGG G E, BRUSSEAU M L, et al. Modeling groundwater contaminant transport in the presence of large heterogeneity: A case study comparing MT3D and RWhet[J]. Hydrogeology Journal, 2019, 27(4): 1363-1371. DOI PMID
[15]	PARKER B L, CHAPMAN S W, GUILBEAULT M A. Plume persistence caused by back diffusion from thin clay layers in a sand aquifer following TCE source-zone hydraulic isolation[J]. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2008, 102(1/2): 86-104. DOI URL
[16]	SADEGHFAM S, HASSANZADEH Y, KHATIBI R, et al. Groundwater remediation through pump-treat-inject technology using optimum control by artificial intelligence (OCAI)[J]. Water Resources Management, 2019, 33(3): 1123-1145. DOI
[17]	张艳, 白相东, 张莹. 地下水污染抽出处理技术中抽水井最优布局方案研究[J]. 防灾科技学院学报, 2013, 15(2): 26-29.
[18]	王平, 韩占涛, 张海领, 等. 某氨氮污染地下水体抽出-处理系统优化模拟研究[J]. 水文地质工程地质, 2020, 47(3): 34-43.
[19]	GUO Z L, BRUSSEAU M L. The impact of well-field configuration and permeability heterogeneity on contaminant mass removal and plume persistence[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2017, 333: 109-115. DOI PMID
[20]	DI LENA Y C, ELMORE A C. General method for predicting capture zone widths for PV-powered pump-and-treat systems using PVWATTS and basic hydrogeologic data[J]. Journal of Environmental Engineering, 2015, 141(12):1-8.
[21]	樊星. 基于能源、环境与健康的地下水修复优化模型研究[D]. 北京: 华北电力大学, 2017.
[22]	曾献奎, 王栋, 吴吉春. 地下水流概念模型的不确定性分析[J]. 南京大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 48(6): 746-752.
[23]	李世峰, 白顺果, 王月影, 等. 非饱和土壤渗透系数空间不确定性对溶质运移的影响[J]. 环境工程学报, 2015, 9(3): 1471-1476.
[24]	MORENO Z, PASTER A. Prediction of pollutant remediation in a heterogeneous aquifer in Israel: Reducing uncertainty by incorporating lithological, head and concentration data[J]. Journal of Hydrology, 2018, 564: 651-666. DOI URL
[25]	万鹏. 污染地下水抽出—处理技术的抽水方案优化研究[D]. 北京: 清华大学, 2013.
[26]	KAHLER D M, KABALA Z J. Acceleration of groundwater remediation by deep sweeps and vortex ejections induced by rapidly pulsed pumping[J]. Water Resources Research, 2016, 52(5): 3930-3940. DOI URL
[27]	LESTER G, PINDER G. Transport of solute from a fine-grained unit to a coarse-grained host under pulsed-pumping fluid dynamics: An experimental investigation[J]. Transport in Porous Media, 2016, 112(3): 737-748. DOI URL
[28]	DUFFIELD A R, RAMAMURTHY R S, CAMPANELLI J R. Surfactant enhanced mobilization of mineral oil within porous media[J]. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 2003, 143(1): 111-122. DOI URL
[29]	WEST C C, HARWELL J H. Surfactants and subsurface remediation[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 1992, 26(12): 2324-2330. DOI URL
[30]	SABATINI D A, KNOX R C, HARWELL J H, et al. Integrated design of surfactant enhanced DNAPL remediation: Efficient supersolubilization and gradient systems[J]. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2000, 45(1/2): 99-121. DOI URL
[31]	JAVANBAKHT G, GOUAL L. Mobilization and micellar solubilization of NAPL contaminants in aquifer rocks[J]. Journal of Contaminant Hydrology, 2016, 185/186: 61-73. DOI URL
[32]	INTISO A, MIELE Y, MARCHETTINI N, et al. Enhanced solubility of trichloroethylene (TCE) by a poly-oxyethylene alcohol as green surfactant[J]. Environmental Technology & Innovation, 2018, 12: 72-79.
[33]	LOWRY E, SEDGHI M, GOUAL L. Molecular simulations of NAPL removal from mineral surfaces using microemulsions and surfactants[J]. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2016, 506: 485-494. DOI URL
[34]	KUMAR N, MANDAL A. Surfactant stabilized oil-in-waternanoemulsion: Stability, interfacial tension, and rheology study for enhanced oil recovery application[J]. Energy & Fuels, 2018, 32(6): 6452-6466. DOI URL
[35]	KUPPUSAMY S, PALANISAMI T, MEGHARAJ M, et al. Ex-situ remediation technologies for environmental pollutants: A critical perspective[M]// DE VOOGT P. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, Volume 236. Cham: Springer, 2016: 117-192.
[36]	LEVAKOV I, RONEN Z, DAHAN O. Combined in situ bioremediation treatment for perchlorate pollution in the vadose zone and groundwater[J]. Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2019, 369: 439-447. DOI URL
[37]	文一, 李璐, 郜志云, 等. 一种氯代烃污染土壤和地下水的分区修复系统: CN205042871U[P]. 2016-02-24.
[38]	蔡婧怡, 陈宗宇, 蔡五田, 等. 某石化污染场地含水层自然降解BTEX能力评估[J]. 现代地质, 2015, 29(2): 383-389.
[39]	夏学齐, 龚庆杰, 徐常艳. 2011—2020中国应用地球化学研究进展与展望之生态地球化学[J]. 现代地质, 2020, 34(5): 883-896.