Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Strontium-rich Groundwater in Malian River Drainage Basin, Southern Ordos Basin

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.037

Abstract

Abstract:

The Malian River drainage basin is located at the loess plateau in the southern Ordos Basin, in which the groundwater can be divided into the loess phreatic water, bedrock phreatic water and bedrock confined water based on the storage medium and burial conditions. Using 295 sets of groundwater hydrochemical data collected from 2015 to 2018, we analyze the Sr²⁺ concentration level, vertical and downstream distribution characteristics in the groundwater, and study the source and enrichment cause of Sr²⁺ in groundwater through factor correlation analysis. The results indicate that the groundwater Sr enrichment in the Malian River drainage basin is distinct, with the average Sr concentrations in the loess phreatic water, bedrock phreatic water, and bedrock confined water being 1.14 mg/l, 1.39 mg/l, and 5.24 mg/l, respectively. The Sr enrichment is mainly led by the water-rock interaction of Sr-bearing minerals. Major sources of Sr²⁺ in the loess phreatic water, bedrock phreatic water, and bedrock confined water are leaching from the carbonates and aluminosilicates, carbonates and sulfates, and carbonate minerals, respectively. The Sr²⁺ concentration in groundwater gradually increases along the flow direction, but varies with depth in different areas.

Key words: Malian river, strontium, groundwater, enrichment, water-rock interaction, Erdos Basin

CLC Number:

P641.1

LI Haixue, CHENG Xuxue, MA Yuekun, LIU Weipo, ZHOU Bin. Characteristics and Formation Mechanism of Strontium-rich Groundwater in Malian River Drainage Basin, Southern Ordos Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(03): 682-692.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1 Hydrogeological profile of the study area

Fig.2 Map showing the distribution of groundwater sampling sites

Table 1 Sr2+ concentration in groundwater of the Malian river drainage basin

水类型	浓度范围/(mg/l)	平均值/(mg/l)
黄土潜水(n=43)	0.26~4.51	1.14
基岩潜水(n=237)	0.09~10.36	1.39
基岩承压水(n=15)	0.72~11.92	5.24

Fig.3 Histogram of Sr concentrations in groundwater of the Malian river drainage basin

Fig.4 Vertical groundwater Sr concentration profiles in three drilling holes at the Malian river drainage basin

Fig.5 Downstream groundwater Sr concentration profile at the Malian river drainage basin

Fig.6 Downstream groundwater Sr concentration profile at the Malian river drainage basin

Fig.7 Downstream variation of Sr concentration in groundwater of the Malian river drainage basin

Fig.8 Downstream variation of groundwater Sr concentration of the Malian river drainage basin

Table 2 Statistics of chemical parameters and Sr2+ concentration of groundwater in the Malian river drainage basin

地下水类型	水化学类型	阳离子平均毫克当量百分数/%			TDS/(mg/l)			Sr²⁺平均质量浓度/(mg/l)
地下水类型	水化学类型	Na⁺+K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	最小值	最大值	平均值	Sr²⁺平均质量浓度/(mg/l)
黄土潜水	HCO₃	21.75	39.50	38.70	284.6	674.8	463.2	0.68
黄土潜水	HCO₃·SO₄	35.00	27.40	37.57	485.9	899.9	701.1	1.35
基岩潜水	HCO₃	34.20	30.70	35.10	367.4	1 026.4	565.0	0.78
	HCO₃·SO₄	44.56	21.09	34.35	639.7	2 193.6	1 241.9	1.23
	HCO₃·SO₄·Cl	42.62	20.27	37.11	762.7	1 346.0	954.4	1.73
	HCO₃·Cl	40.49	19.79	39.72	808.6	937.6	839.4	1.27
	SO₄	50.39	16.24	25.37	1 167.0	3 798.0	2 043.0	3.58
	SO₄·Cl	54.85	15.71	29.42	1 068.9	5 756.0	2 445.8	4.28
基岩承压水	HCO₃	66.75	13.13	20.12	365.2	1 822.0	929.2	0.85
	HCO₃·SO₄	70.79	12.37	16.84	520.5	883.2	708.6	2.04
	SO₄·Cl	68.71	12.80	18.48	1 699.0	5 995.0	4 871.9	9.32

Fig.9 Sr content vs. pH in groundwater of the Malian river drainage basin

Table 3 Correlation between Sr2+and main ion content, TDS, pH of groundwater in the Malian river watershed

地下水类型	Na⁺+K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	$C O 3 2 -$	$HCO 3 -$	Cl^-	$SO 4 2 -$	TDS	pH
黄土潜水	0.630	0.671	0.818	-0.329	-0.309	0.672	0.654	0.740	-0.275
基岩潜水	0.857	0.880	0.713	-0.217	-0.111	0.743	0.904	0.871	-0.259
基岩承压水	0.977	0.989	0.960	-0.305	-0.634	0.345	0.981	0.986	-0.395

Table 3 Correlation between Sr2+and main ion content, TDS, pH of groundwater in the Malian river watershed

地下水类型	Na⁺+K⁺	Ca²⁺	Mg²⁺	$C O 3 2 -$	$HCO 3 -$	Cl^-	$SO 4 2 -$	TDS	pH
黄土潜水	0.630	0.671	0.818	-0.329	-0.309	0.672	0.654	0.740	-0.275
基岩潜水	0.857	0.880	0.713	-0.217	-0.111	0.743	0.904	0.871	-0.259
基岩承压水	0.977	0.989	0.960	-0.305	-0.634	0.345	0.981	0.986	-0.395

Fig.10 Content variations of Sr2+ in groundwater of the Malian river watershed with ion concentration

Fig.11 Variations of c(Sr2+)/c(Ca2+) with c(Mg2+)/c(Ca2+) and c(Sr2+)/c(Ca2+) with c(Sr2+)/c(Mg2+) in ground-water of the Malian river watershed

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