中国东部大地幔楔氧化的证据和机理

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2025.026

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

中国东部是大地幔楔概念的提出和命名地,也是研究最为深入的区域。大地幔楔构造背景下的挥发份循环对深部地幔的氧化还原状态具有重要影响。本文回顾了前人对中国东部新生代玄武岩以及携带的地幔包体的地球化学研究,通过金属同位素、橄榄石V的氧逸度计、全岩Fe³⁺/∑Fe表明新生代玄武岩高度氧化,其氧逸度显著高于以橄榄岩包体为代表的大地幔楔岩石圈地幔。据此,提出中国东部大地幔楔经历过一次或多次氧化事件,其氧化机制和深部碳循环密切相关。西太平洋板块俯冲携带的大量再循环碳酸盐在深部地幔发生铁-碳氧化还原反应,形成的金刚石堆积在地幔过渡带使得相应的熔体具有高的Fe³⁺/∑Fe,形成高度氧化地幔端元(HOME),这一端元可能是深部贵金属与硫化物运移的重要介质。

关键词: 大地幔楔, 板内玄武岩, 深部碳循环, 氧化

Abstract:

The Big Mantle Wedge (BMW), since first proposed in eastern China, has been extensively studied. The deep volatile cycling in the BMW system has a great impact on the redox state of the mantle. Here, we review geochemical data of the Cenozoic intraplate basalts and enclosed mantle xenoliths from eastern China, and find that the intraplate basalts are highly oxidized, with their oxygen fugacity higher than the lithospheric mantle as represented by the mantle xenoliths, based on metal stable isotope geochemistry, V-in-olivine oxybarometry, and bulk rock Fe³⁺/∑Fe. Therefore, we propose that the BMW has experienced one or multiple oxidation events, whose trigger mechanism is closely linked to the deep carbon cycle. The subduction of western Pacific slab has delivered a large amount of sedimentary carbonates into the deep mantle, facilitating carbon-iron redox reaction in the mantle transition zone. The diamond produced during the carbon-iron redox reaction in mantle transition zone due to its high density, making the resulting melts highly enriched in Fe³⁺/∑Fe, and the forming the highly oxidized mantle endmember (HOME), likely serving as a crucial medium for the transportation of precious metals and sulfides in the deep mantle.

Key words: big mantle wedge, intraplate basalt, deep carbon cycle, oxidation

中图分类号:

李欣懿, 董栩含, 黄慧, 邓阳凡, 王水炯. 中国东部大地幔楔氧化的证据和机理[J]. 现代地质, 2025, 39(02): 239-247.

LI Xinyi, DONG Xuhan, HUANG Hui, DENG Yangfan, WANG Shuijiong. The Oxidation of the Big Mantle Wedge Beneath Eastern China[J]. Geoscience, 2025, 39(02): 239-247.

图/表 3

图1 全球大地幔楔分布以及垂直波速剖面(据文献[53]修改)

Fig.1 Global distribution of the big mantle wedges and vertical seismic velocity profiles (modified after reference [53])

图2 中国东部大地幔楔结构卡通图(a)和大地幔楔岩石圈地幔与晚白垩世—新生代玄武岩的 f O 2值直方对比图(b)(图(b)数据引自文献[37,40-41,43-44,48,56])

Fig.2 Carton showing the formation of the big mantle wedge beneath eastern China (a) and comparison histogram of the f O 2 values of the big mantle wedge lithospheric mantle and Late Cretaceous-Cenozoic basalts from eastern China(figure (b) data from [37,40-41,43-44,48,56])

图3 中国东部新生代板内玄武岩校正的Fe3+/∑Fe比值与U/Pb(a),Th/Ba(b),Zr/Nd(c)和δ26Mg(d)相关图解(金刚石包裹数据引自文献[74],图片据文献[51]修改)

Fig.3 Corrected Fe3+/∑Fe values versus U/Pb (a), Th/Ba (b), Zr/Nd (c) and δ26Mg (d) diagrams of Cenozoic intraplate basalts from eastern China (diamond inclusion data from reference[74], figure modified from reference [51])

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