江西于都银坑-桥头-马安地区不同富硒农作物地球化学适生模型的建立

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2019.05.13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在江西于都砂岩、泥岩成土母岩地质背景区,采集分析了61组水稻、花生样及其根系土样品,结果发现:水稻硒平均含量为0.062 μg/g,水稻根系土硒平均含量为0.39 μg/g;花生硒平均含量为0.051 μg/g,花生根系土硒平均含量为0.44 μg/g。此外,水稻和花生的富硒率分别为30.00%和16.10%,对应根系土硒含量超过0.4 μg/g的样品占36.07%。相关分析表明,根系土硒含量与TFe₂O₃、MnO、TOC、S、烧失量、N、CaO、MgO、Na₂O含量呈正相关,与SiO₂含量呈负相关。农作物硒含量与土壤总硒、有效硒、TOC、铁锰氧化物、钙镁氧化物、硫含量呈正相关,据此建立了富硒农作物的地球化学适生模型。研究表明,在成土母质为砂岩、泥岩的地质背景下,开发富硒农产品不仅要依据土壤总硒含量,还需考虑土壤有效硒、TOC、铁锰氧化物、钙镁氧化物、硫含量等多项指标。

关键词: 硒, 水稻, 花生, 富硒率, 江西于都

Abstract:

In this paper, 61 sets of rice, peanut samples and their root soils were collected and systematically studied in the geological background of sandstone and mudstone in Yudu region of Jiangxi Province. The results showed that the average content of selenium in rice was 0.062 μg/g, the average content of selenium in rice roots was 0.39 μg/g, the average content of selenium in peanut was 0.051 μg/g, and the average content of selenium in peanut roots was 0.44 μg/g. In addition, the selenium enrichment rates of rice and peanut were 30.00% and 16.10%, respectively, corresponding to the root soil selenium content exceeding 0.4 μg/g accounted for 36.07%. Correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between selenium content and TFe₂O₃, MnO, TOC, S, LOI, N, CaO, MgO, Na₂O and negative correlation with SiO₂. Crop selenium content was positively correlated with total selenium, bioavailable selenium, TOC, Fe-Mn oxides, calcium-magnesium compounds and sulfur contents, and use these properties to establish the geo-geochemical fitness model of selenium-enriched crops. Therefore, under the geological background that the soil parent material is sandstone and mudstone, the development of selenium-enriched agricultural products should not only be based on the total selenium content in the soil, but also consider the available selenium, TOC, Fe-Mn oxide, calcium and magnesium oxide, and sulfur content.

Key words: selenium, rice, peanut, selenium-rich rate, Yudu County, Jiangxi Province

中图分类号:

P595
X142

马明, 姚凌阳, 谢淑云, 唐沫岚, 鲍征宇, 陈国光. 江西于都银坑-桥头-马安地区不同富硒农作物地球化学适生模型的建立[J]. 现代地质, 2019, 33(05): 1063-1069.

MA Ming, YAO Lingyang, XIE Shuyun, TANG Molan, BAO Zhengyu, CHEN Guoguang. Establishment of A Geochemical Model for Different Se-enriched Crops in Yinkeng-Qiaotou-Ma’an Area,Yudu County,Jiangxi Province[J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(05): 1063-1069.

图/表 6

参考文献 30

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测试指标	样品类型	准确度 /%	精密度 /%	测试指标	样品类型	准确度 /%	精密度 /%
Cd	土壤	2.54	2.48	MgO	土壤	2.83	3.46
Cr	土壤	3.2	3.62	Al₂O₃	土壤	7.46	5.27
Ni	土壤	1.25	2.51	SiO₂	土壤	6.75	4.77
Cu	土壤	2.15	2.33	TFe₂O₃	土壤	4.97	4.35
Pb	土壤	2.87	5.73	MnO	土壤	5.67	2.53
Zn	土壤	1.25	3.74	Se	土壤	3.24	2.75
As	土壤	0.45	4.89	C-Se	植物	4.23	2.47
Hg	土壤	1.74	3.73	C-Cd	植物	4.33	4.12
pH	土壤	0.05	1.52	C-Cr	植物	6.14	5.23
TOC	土壤	3.2	4.06	C-Ni	植物	4.33	2.15
N	土壤	6.31	5.62	C-Cu	植物	4.76	4.87
P	土壤	4.31	3.12	C-Pb	植物	3.17	2.85
S	土壤	2.5	2.14	C-Zn	植物	4.31	4.67
K₂O	土壤	0.8	0.64	C-As	植物	5.42	3.74
Na₂O	土壤	0.75	0.83	C-Hg	植物	6.45	5.45
CaO	土壤	2.64	3.12

测试指标	样品类型	准确度 /%	精密度 /%	测试指标	样品类型	准确度 /%	精密度 /%
Cd	土壤	2.54	2.48	MgO	土壤	2.83	3.46
Cr	土壤	3.2	3.62	Al₂O₃	土壤	7.46	5.27
Ni	土壤	1.25	2.51	SiO₂	土壤	6.75	4.77
Cu	土壤	2.15	2.33	TFe₂O₃	土壤	4.97	4.35
Pb	土壤	2.87	5.73	MnO	土壤	5.67	2.53
Zn	土壤	1.25	3.74	Se	土壤	3.24	2.75
As	土壤	0.45	4.89	C-Se	植物	4.23	2.47
Hg	土壤	1.74	3.73	C-Cd	植物	4.33	4.12
pH	土壤	0.05	1.52	C-Cr	植物	6.14	5.23
TOC	土壤	3.2	4.06	C-Ni	植物	4.33	2.15
N	土壤	6.31	5.62	C-Cu	植物	4.76	4.87
P	土壤	4.31	3.12	C-Pb	植物	3.17	2.85
S	土壤	2.5	2.14	C-Zn	植物	4.31	4.67
K₂O	土壤	0.8	0.64	C-As	植物	5.42	3.74
Na₂O	土壤	0.75	0.83	C-Hg	植物	6.45	5.45
CaO	土壤	2.64	3.12

测试指标	水稻根系土(n=30)					花生根系土(n=31)				赣州市^*	土壤标准
测试指标	均值±标准差	最小值	最大值	中位数		均值±标准差	最小值	最大值	中位数	赣州市^*	土壤标准
Cd	0.22±0.12	0.05	0.57	0.184	0.19±0.12		0.05	0.66	0.161	0.157	0.3~1.5
Cr	76.73±33.68	26.6	145	77.45	75.27±38.49		17.67	180.3	70.74	46.15	250~800
Ni	26.40±14.77	7.5	58.4	23.35	28.42±20.00		5.75	81.72	21.98	17.2	60
Cu	25.74±13.78	9.87	82.65	23.43	23.85±10.47		10.85	59.12	20.22	20.69	50
Pb	63.46±68.36	25.65	331.36	43.49	51.59±24.83		24.25	144.37	43.27	43	80~400
Zn	81.74±36.15	38.51	186.1	76.14	77.63±25.40		43	137.4	70.13	68.1	200
As	12.86±11.15	3.3	48.53	8.02	14.97±12.31		4.75	55.86	8.88	8.315	30~200
Hg	0.11±0.03	0.06	0.22	0.116	0.12±0.10		0.05	0.61	0.113	0.075	0.5~2.0
pH	5.4±0.4	4.88	6.64	5.28	5.4±0.5		4.64	6.71	5.41	5.18
TOC	1.76±0.45	0.95	2.55	1.86	1.57±0.46		0.9	2.52	1.56	1.18
N	1 412±392	846	2 049	1 437.5	1 316±378		846	2 194	1 238	1 105.2
P	563±150	349	1047	520	696±252		357	1299	606	540.6
S	298±99	129	495	318	289±114		176	805	254	241.8
K₂O	1.82±0.71	0.53	3.63	1.735	1.81±0.69		0.86	3.6	1.68	2.76
Na₂O	0.18±0.10	0.08	0.41	0.14	0.18±0.10		0.08	0.41	0.13
CaO	0.18±0.08	0.07	0.37	0.165	0.21±0.12		0.06	0.67	0.18	0.15
MgO	0.91±1.06	0.26	5.07	0.575	0.88±1.01		0.26	5.66	0.52	0.525
Al₂O₃	12.7±2.6	6.65	17.17	12.94	12.9±3.2		7.51	17.71	13.23
SiO₂	73.2±5.0	65.84	82.61	72.26	72.9±5.7		62.01	82.01	72.71
TFe₂O₃	3.4±1.1	1.59	6.15	3.28	3.6±1.3		2.21	6.67	3.19	3.623
MnO	0.03±0.02	0.01	0.1	0.03	0.04±0.04		0.01	0.17	0.03	0.0439
Se	0.39±0.25	0.17	2.71	0.3	0.44±0.47		0.12	1.06	0.3	0.28

测试指标	水稻根系土(n=30)					花生根系土(n=31)				赣州市^*	土壤标准
测试指标	均值±标准差	最小值	最大值	中位数		均值±标准差	最小值	最大值	中位数	赣州市^*	土壤标准
Cd	0.22±0.12	0.05	0.57	0.184	0.19±0.12		0.05	0.66	0.161	0.157	0.3~1.5
Cr	76.73±33.68	26.6	145	77.45	75.27±38.49		17.67	180.3	70.74	46.15	250~800
Ni	26.40±14.77	7.5	58.4	23.35	28.42±20.00		5.75	81.72	21.98	17.2	60
Cu	25.74±13.78	9.87	82.65	23.43	23.85±10.47		10.85	59.12	20.22	20.69	50
Pb	63.46±68.36	25.65	331.36	43.49	51.59±24.83		24.25	144.37	43.27	43	80~400
Zn	81.74±36.15	38.51	186.1	76.14	77.63±25.40		43	137.4	70.13	68.1	200
As	12.86±11.15	3.3	48.53	8.02	14.97±12.31		4.75	55.86	8.88	8.315	30~200
Hg	0.11±0.03	0.06	0.22	0.116	0.12±0.10		0.05	0.61	0.113	0.075	0.5~2.0
pH	5.4±0.4	4.88	6.64	5.28	5.4±0.5		4.64	6.71	5.41	5.18
TOC	1.76±0.45	0.95	2.55	1.86	1.57±0.46		0.9	2.52	1.56	1.18
N	1 412±392	846	2 049	1 437.5	1 316±378		846	2 194	1 238	1 105.2
P	563±150	349	1047	520	696±252		357	1299	606	540.6
S	298±99	129	495	318	289±114		176	805	254	241.8
K₂O	1.82±0.71	0.53	3.63	1.735	1.81±0.69		0.86	3.6	1.68	2.76
Na₂O	0.18±0.10	0.08	0.41	0.14	0.18±0.10		0.08	0.41	0.13
CaO	0.18±0.08	0.07	0.37	0.165	0.21±0.12		0.06	0.67	0.18	0.15
MgO	0.91±1.06	0.26	5.07	0.575	0.88±1.01		0.26	5.66	0.52	0.525
Al₂O₃	12.7±2.6	6.65	17.17	12.94	12.9±3.2		7.51	17.71	13.23
SiO₂	73.2±5.0	65.84	82.61	72.26	72.9±5.7		62.01	82.01	72.71
TFe₂O₃	3.4±1.1	1.59	6.15	3.28	3.6±1.3		2.21	6.67	3.19	3.623
MnO	0.03±0.02	0.01	0.1	0.03	0.04±0.04		0.01	0.17	0.03	0.0439
Se	0.39±0.25	0.17	2.71	0.3	0.44±0.47		0.12	1.06	0.3	0.28

测试指标	水稻(n=30)					花生(n=31)
测试指标	均值±标准差	最小值	最大值	中位数		均值±标准差	最小值	最大值	中位数
C-Se	0.062±0.023	0.032	0.129	0.057	0.051±0.058		0.013	0.32	0.032	富硒标准 0.07~0.30
C-Cd	19.13±15.53	5.12	84.37	14.33	2.05.8±85.7		52.84	423.3	203.7
C-Cr	0.382±0.362	0.179	2.022	0.299	0.47±0.068		0.34	0.63	0.457
C-Ni	0.291±0.145	0.094	0.634	0.282	11.25±7.78		2.84	33.55	10.87
C-Cu	2.19±0.58	0.05	4.00	2.26	12.76±2.09		9.14	16.50	12.25
C-Pb	低于检出限0.05				0.07±0.03		0.051	0.19	0.057
C-Zn	16.88±2.02	11.95	23.21	16.60	47.83±5.93		35.66	59.85	47.16
C-As	0.26±0.065	0.167	0.386	0.245	低于检出限0.04
C-Hg	3.89±1.20	2.50	8.56	3.59	低于检出限0.5