基于SBAS-InSAR的鲜水河断裂带蠕滑型滑坡特征研究

现代地质 ›› 2017, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (05): 965-977.

• 川藏铁路沿线重大地质灾害与工程地质问题 • 上一篇下一篇

基于SBAS-InSAR的鲜水河断裂带蠕滑型滑坡特征研究

刘筱怡¹^,²(), 杨志华¹^,³(), 郭长宝¹^,³, 申维², 宿方睿²

1.中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081
2.中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
3.国土资源部新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室,北京 100081

收稿日期:2016-10-12 修回日期:2017-05-10 出版日期:2017-10-10 发布日期:2017-11-06
通讯作者: 杨志华,男,博士,助理研究员,1982年出生,地质工程专业,主要从事工程地质与地质灾害方面的研究。Email: yangzhihua@cags.ac.cn。
作者简介:刘筱怡,女,1990年出生,博士研究生,地质工程专业,主要从事遥感与地质灾害方面的研究。Email:liuxiaoyi1018@sina.com。
基金资助:
中国地质调查局项目(12120113038000);国家自然科学基金项目(41402321);中铁二院科研计划项目(二院科字201303)

Study of Slow-moving Landslide Characteristics Based on the SBAS-InSAR in the Xianshuihe Fault Zone

LIU Xiaoyi¹^,²(), YANG Zhihua¹^,³(), GUO Changbao¹^,³, SHEN Wei², SU Fangrui²

1. Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
2. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083,China
3. Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard, Ministry of Land and Resources, Beijing 100081, China

Received:2016-10-12 Revised:2017-05-10 Online:2017-10-10 Published:2017-11-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

鲜水河断裂带是青藏高原东部川滇地块的一条重要边界断裂,全新世以来活动强烈,断裂带沿线岩土体结构破碎强烈,在断裂活动诱发地震、断裂蠕滑和强降雨等因素作用下,断裂带沿线滑坡、泥石流等地质灾害发育密度大,危害严重。在前人研究的基础上,采用短基线集(SBAS-InSAR)的方法,基于日本对地观测卫星(ALOS-1)所获得的2007—2011年期间15景PALSAR数据,对鲜水河断裂带道孚至炉霍段的活动速率进行分析计算,获取了该段断裂带内蠕滑型滑坡5年间的时间序列形变特征。研究结果表明:鲜水河断裂带道孚至炉霍段近年来以蠕滑滑动为主,蠕滑速率为(9.4±0.78) mm/a,断裂的蠕滑作用对区域构造应力场和断裂带内滑坡具有重要的控制作用,表现为距离鲜水河断裂带越近,影像间相干性越强,稳定的相干点越多,干涉效果越好,滑坡滑动累计位移越大。沿鲜水河断裂道孚至炉霍段,共识别出98个蠕滑型滑坡,沿鲜水河断裂带两侧呈线性展布,并分析了典型蠕滑型滑坡的地表形变特征。基于SBAS-InSAR的雷达数据处理方法,可以有效地分析地表的缓慢变形以及区域性蠕滑型滑坡的发育发展变化规律,研究结果对于鲜水河断裂带沿线防灾减灾及类似构造活动地区的地质灾害研究具有一定的指导作用。

关键词: 短基线集, 鲜水河断裂, 蠕滑, 滑坡

Abstract:

Xianshuihe Fault is one of the most important boundary fault on the eastern Tibetan Plateau of Sichuan-Yunnan block, and it is strongly active since the Holocene. The rock-mass and soil-body structures are porous along the Xianshuihe Fault zone. Under the action of earthquake caused by the active fault and its slowly moving and heavy rainfalls, landslides and debris flows occur frequently and have caused serious harm in this area. On the basis of the previous studies, SBAS-InSAR (small baseline subset interferometric synthetic aperture radar) method is employed to analyze and calculate the activity rate of Daofu to Luhuo section in Xianshuihe Fault zone combined with fifteen PALSAR scene data acquired by ALOS-1 during 2007-2011. And the deformation characteristics of time series are also acquired about the creeping landslide occurring along Xianshuihe Fault in these five years. The results show that in recent years the creeping in Daofu to Luhuo section is the mainly active type for the fault, and the creeping rate is about (9.4±0.78) mm/a, and the creeping effect of the fault has an important influence on the occurrence of landslides in this area. While the distance from Xianshuihe Fault is closer, the coherence among images is stronger, and coherent points are more stable and the interference effect is better, thus the cumulative displacement of landslides is greater. Ninety-eight creeping landslides along Daofu to Luhuo section of Xianshuihe Fault are identified, linearly distributing along both sides of the fault; the surface deformation characteristics of the typical creep landslide is also analyzed. Based on SBAS-InSAR Radar Data Processing method, we can effectively analyze the slow deformation of the surface, and the changing and developing laws of these regional creeping landslides. This study plays a certain guiding role on the prevention and mitigation of geohazards along Xianshuihe Fault and in the other similar areas.

Key words: small baseline subsets, Xianshuihe Fault, creeping, landslide

中图分类号:

P642.2
P627

刘筱怡, 杨志华, 郭长宝, 申维, 宿方睿. 基于SBAS-InSAR的鲜水河断裂带蠕滑型滑坡特征研究[J]. 现代地质, 2017, 31(05): 965-977.

LIU Xiaoyi, YANG Zhihua, GUO Changbao, SHEN Wei, SU Fangrui. Study of Slow-moving Landslide Characteristics Based on the SBAS-InSAR in the Xianshuihe Fault Zone[J]. Geoscience, 2017, 31(05): 965-977.

图/表 15

图1 研究区构造位置及地质构造简图 1.走滑断裂;2.逆冲断裂;3.晚更新世以来活动断裂和早中更新世活动断裂;4.背斜;5.向斜;6. MS>8.0级地震;7. 8.0≥MS>7.0级地震;8. 7.0≥MS>6.0级地震;9.InSAR数据覆盖范围

Fig.1 Tectonic location and schematic geological map of the study area

图2 鲜水河断裂带附近国道G317线55道班滑坡发育特征 (a)55道班滑坡发育全貌(镜向NW);(b)III号滑体前缘挡土墙开裂;(c)滑体北侧断层三角面

Fig.2 Characteristics of 55-track section landslide along Xianshuihe Fault in Luhuo County

图3 基于FRAM-SBAS处理流程

Fig.3 Treatment scheme based on FRAM-SBAS

图4 SAR干涉测量原理示意图

Fig.4 Function of the SAR interferometry

表1 本研究采用的PALSAR卫星数据参数

Table 1 Parameters of PALSAR satellite data in this study

影像获取时间	轨道号	幅号	极化方式	入射角 /(°)	图幅中心 (E/N)
20070126	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.814/31.202
20070613	480	610	FBD	34.3	100.832/31.165
20070729	480	610	FBD	34.3	100.833/31.203
20071214	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.843/31.195
20080129	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.846/31.191
20080315	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.847/31.202
20080430	480	610	FBD	34.3	100.855/31.201
20081216	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.812/31.179
20090131	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.814/31.196
20090618	480	610	FBD	34.3	100.821/31.199
20091219	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.830/31.200
20100203	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.841/31.171
20100621	480	610	FBD	34.3	100.842/31.184
20100921	480	610	FBD	34.3	100.843/31.2
20110206	480	610	FBS	34.3	100.853/31.199

图5 鲜水河断裂带InSAR干涉数据时空基线

Fig.5 Temporal and perpendicular baselines for interferograms along Xianshuihe Fault

图6 鲜水河断裂带InSAR高相干点形变速率直方图

Fig.6 Histogram of LOS velocity of high coherent points along Xianshuihe Fault

图7 鲜水河断裂2007—2011年震间期形变场(正值表示向西北运动,负值表示向东南运动)

Fig.7 Inter-earthquake deformation field of Xianshuihe Fault from 2007 to 2011

图8 鲜水河断裂带剖面线断层滑动速率分布图

Fig.8 Distribution graphs of slipping rate of sections along Xianshuihe Fault

表2 鲜水河断裂带剖面速率点的参数估计(mm/a)

Table 2 Parameter estimation of the section rate in Xianshuihe Fault (mm/a)

剖面线	速率均值	北东盘速率	南西盘速率	断层两盘相对运动
A	-5.21±0.19	-1.32±0.25	-10.46±0.42	9.14±0.67
B	-4.36±0.37	-2.12±0.39	-12.73±0.43	10.61±0.82
C	-5.55±0.37	-4.68±0.25	-13.33±0.45	8.65±0.67
D	-4.18±0.48	-1.76±0.46	-11.23±0.61	9.47±1.07
E	-4.91±0.30	-3.43±0.28	-12.56±0.60	9.13±0.88
F	-3.65±0.18	-1.24±0.17	-10.64±0.40	9.40±0.57
平均值	-4.635±0.42	-2.43±0.30	-11.83±0.48	9.40±0.78

图9 呷拉宗滑坡变形特征InSAR解译结果 (a)呷拉宗滑坡全貌;(b)呷拉宗滑坡时序InSAR图;(c)呷拉宗滑坡速率趋势图(X、Y所在平面中红色点为形变点,Z轴表示滑坡体滑动速率大小;绿色曲线代表东西方向速率投影趋势,蓝色曲线代表南北方向速率投影趋势)

Fig.9 Deformation characteristics and InSAR results of Xialazong landslide

图10 白衣贡滑坡群时序InSAR图

Fig.10 InSAR series graph of Baiyigong landslide

图11 德尔瓦村古滑坡时序InSAR图

Fig.11 InSAR series graph of Deerwacun landslide

图12 油龙巨型滑坡群时序InSAR图 (编号1—8分别为滑坡YL-1#—YL-8#)

Fig.12 InSAR series graph of Youlong giant landslides

图13 油龙巨型滑坡群5#滑坡前缘次级滑坡(镜向SE)

Fig.13 The secondary landslide of Youlong giant landslides

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基于SBAS-InSAR的鲜水河断裂带蠕滑型滑坡特征研究

Study of Slow-moving Landslide Characteristics Based on the SBAS-InSAR in the Xianshuihe Fault Zone

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