四川茂县周场坪滑坡发育特征与变形监测分析

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.102

现代地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (01): 103-113.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.102

四川茂县周场坪滑坡发育特征与变形监测分析

金继军¹^,²(), 郭长宝¹^,²(), 沈亚麒³, 杨志华¹^,², 任三绍¹, 李雪¹^,²

1. 中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081
2. 新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室,北京 100081
3. 基康仪器股份有限公司,北京 102488

收稿日期:2020-05-27 修回日期:2020-10-20 出版日期:2021-02-12 发布日期:2021-03-12
通讯作者: 郭长宝
作者简介:郭长宝,男,研究员,硕士生导师,1980年出生,地质工程专业,主要从事工程地质与地质灾害方面的研究。Email: guochangbao@163.com。
金继军,男,硕士研究生,1995年出生,地质工程专业,研究方向为工程地质与地质灾害。Email: 1755312826@qq.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41877279);国家自然科学基金项目(41731287);中国地质调查局项目(DD20160271);中国地质调查局项目(DD20190319)

Development Characteristics and Deformation Monitoring Analysis of the Zhouchangping Landslide in Maoxian County, Sichuan Province

JIN Jijun¹^,²(), GUO Changbao¹^,²(), SHEN Yaqi³, YANG Zhihua¹^,², REN Sanshao¹, LI Xue¹^,²

1. Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
2. Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazards, Beijing 100081, China
3. Geokon Instrument Co., Ltd., Beijing 102488, China

Received:2020-05-27 Revised:2020-10-20 Online:2021-02-12 Published:2021-03-12
Contact: GUO Changbao

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

位于四川茂县南新镇的周场坪滑坡是一大型古滑坡,曾于1982年发生大规模快速复活,目前滑体半堰塞岷江。野外地质调查表明,周场坪滑坡在平面上呈不规则长舌形,长约850 m,滑体前后缘高差约350 m;在剖面上发育3级滑动,钻探揭露滑带埋深以50~70 m为主,推测潜在失稳滑坡体积为1 500×10 ⁴~2 000×10 ⁴ m ³。周场坪滑坡在平面上分为4个变形区,在滑体中后部和前缘坡脚发育大量拉裂缝与下错陡坎,拉裂缝宽度以0.2~3.0 m为主,陡坎下错高度2~10 m。在野外调查和钻探分析的基础上,对该滑坡开展了地表位移(GNSS)、深部蠕滑变形(钻孔测斜仪)和雨量等监测。监测分析表明,目前周场坪滑坡后缘变形速率达0.80 m/a,中部和前缘分别为0.69 m/a和0.51 m/a,呈推移式滑动变形,整体向NW310°方向滑动;地表位移速率在监测期内基本在1~3 mm/d之间波动,波动主要受降雨量影响,且略滞后于降雨量;滑移加速度基本在0~6 mm/d ²范围波动。ZK2钻孔测斜仪监测数据表明,滑坡在80 m深度内主要沿2层滑带蠕滑,其中浅层滑带埋深在22 m左右,深层滑带埋深在46 m左右,滑移速率在0~5 mm/d范围波动。综合研究认为,周场坪滑坡目前处于缓慢变形的深层蠕滑中,其变形速率受降雨和河流侵蚀等因素的影响,在极端内、外动力条件下,可能会加速滑动,并再次整体复活,造成堵塞岷江等危害。

关键词: 岷江上游, 周场坪滑坡, 古滑坡复活, 深层蠕滑, 变形监测

Abstract:

The Zhouchangping landslide in Nanxin Town (Mao County, Sichuan Province) is a large-scale ancient landslide, which had an extensive and rapid reactivation in 1982. At present, the sliding body appears as irregular tongue-shaped on the surface, with a length of about 850 m and height difference of about 350 m between its frontal and rear edge. Three levels of sliding were developed on the profile. Drilling revealed that the burial depth of slip zone is mainly 50-70 m, and the volume of potential unstable landslide is estimated to be about 1,500×10 ⁴-2,000×10 ⁴ m ³. The Zhouchangping landslide is divided into four deformation zones. A large number of tensile cracks and downward dislocation scarps are developed at the toe of the middle-rear part and front-edge of the sliding body. The tensile cracks are mainly 0.2-3.0 m wide, and the downward dislocation of the scarps is 2-10 m. Based on field investigation and drilling, we monitored the surface displacement (GNSS), deep-creep deformation (borehole inclinometer) and rainfall on the landslide. Our data (collected across one year) demonstrate that the current deformation rate of the rear edge of the landslide is 0.80 m/a, and those of the middle and frontal edges are 0.69 m/a and 0.51 m/a, respectively, showing a push-type sliding deformation toward 310°. The surface displacement rate fluctuates from 1 to 3 mm/d during the monitoring period, and the fluctuation was mainly influenced/delayed by rainfall. The slip acceleration fluctuates from 0 to 6 mm/d ². Data from ZK2 borehole inclinometer shows that the landslide mainly crept along two layers of slip zones in the 80 m depth, of which the burial depth of shallow and deep slip zone is about 22 m and about 46 m, respectively, with the slip rate fluctuating between 0 and 5 mm/d. Comprehensive study shows that Zhouchangping landslide is currently in the deep-creep stage with slowing deformation. Its deformation rate is affected by factors such as rainfall and river erosion. Under extreme internal and external dynamic conditions, the slope sliding may accelerate and reactivate again, causing incidents such as blocking of the Minjiang River.

Key words: Minjiang River (upper reach), Zhouchangping landslide, ancient landslide reactivation, deep-seated creeping, deformation monitoring

中图分类号:

P642

金继军, 郭长宝, 沈亚麒, 杨志华, 任三绍, 李雪. 四川茂县周场坪滑坡发育特征与变形监测分析[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(01): 103-113.

JIN Jijun, GUO Changbao, SHEN Yaqi, YANG Zhihua, REN Sanshao, LI Xue. Development Characteristics and Deformation Monitoring Analysis of the Zhouchangping Landslide in Maoxian County, Sichuan Province[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(01): 103-113.

图/表 9

图1 四川茂县周场坪滑坡及邻区构造位置图(据文献[19]修改)

Fig.1 Tectonic map of the Zhouchangping landslide and its adjacent area in Maoxian County, Sichuan Province (modified after ref.[19])

图2 周场坪滑坡分区及典型地貌图

Fig.2 Satellite image (showing different zones) and geomorphologic outcrop photos of the Zhouchangping landslide

图3 周场坪滑坡II'剖面工程地质图(剖面位置见图2(a))

Fig.3 Engineering geological profile(II') for the Zhouchangping landslide(profile location seeing in Fig.2(a))

图4 周场坪滑坡形变监测仪器安装位置图

Fig.4 Maps showing the deformation monitoring instrument location for the Zhouchangping landslide

图5 周场坪滑坡变形平面趋势图

Fig.5 Satellite image showing the deformation trend of the Zhouchangping landslide

图6 GNSS02监测的周场坪滑坡累积位移随时间变化图

Fig.6 Cumulative displacement of the Zhouchangping landslide with time at monitor GNSS02

图7 GNSS02监测的周场坪滑坡速率、加速度和降雨量随时间变化图

Fig.7 Curves of velocity and acceleration of the Zhouchangping landslide and rainfall changing with time at monitor GNSS02

图8 ZK2钻孔不同深度累积位移随时间变化图

Fig.8 Variation of accumulated displacement with time at different depths in borehole ZK2

图9 ZK2钻孔22 m和46 m深度处滑移速率随时间变化趋势

Fig.9 Variation trend of slip rate with time at depth of 22 m and 46 m in borehole ZK2

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四川茂县周场坪滑坡发育特征与变形监测分析

Development Characteristics and Deformation Monitoring Analysis of the Zhouchangping Landslide in Maoxian County, Sichuan Province

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