湖南株洲土壤-水稻籽实间Cr迁移特征及其影响因素

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.014

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

土壤-植物系统中Cr的生物地球化学行为以及高水平Cr对生态环境的影响一直备受关注。本文以湖南株洲作为研究区,采集了490件表层土壤样品、60套水稻籽实及根系土样品,对土壤与水稻籽实中Cr含量分布特征进行分析,对土壤Cr污染程度进行评价,探讨水稻籽实Cr生物富集系数(BCF)的影响因素,据此构建水稻籽实Cr的BCF预测模型,并对研究区水稻籽实Cr含量进行预测。研究区表层土壤Cr含量范围为48.50~240.60 mg/kg,中位值91.45 mg/kg。与全国和湖南省土壤背景值相比,研究区土壤Cr含量严重超标,主要受成土母质和人为活动影响。水稻籽实Cr含量范围为0.09~0.11 mg/kg,平均值0.10 mg/kg,均未超过限值。水稻籽实Cr生物富集系数主要与水稻根系土的Cu、TFe₂O₃、SiO₂/Al₂O₃显著相关,受根系土风化程度、铁氧化物和元素间拮抗作用影响。采用多元线性回归分析建立了研究区水稻籽实Cr的BCF预测模型,预测结果可靠。水稻籽实Cr含量预测结果显示研究区水稻籽实Cr含量均低于我国的稻谷Cr含量限值。

关键词: 株洲, 水稻籽实, Cr, 影响因素, 预测模型

Abstract:

The biogeochemical behaviors of Cr in soil-plant system and their impacts that high concentration of Cr in ecological environment have received a wide attention. This study takes Zhuzhou City in Hunan Province as the study area. Totally, 490 surface soil samples and 60 pairs of rice grains and rhizosphere soil samples were collected. The concentrations of Cr in the soil and rice grains were analyzed and thereafter the pollution degree of Cr in the soil was evaluated. At the end, we ide.pngied the influencing factors of Cr bio-concentration factor (BCF) of rice grains and established the prediction model BCF of Cr in rice grains. The Cr concentrations of the surface soils range from 48.50 to 240.60 mg/kg, with an average value of 91.45 mg/kg. Comparing with the background values in soil of nationwide and Hunan Province, the concentration of Cr in the study area significantly exceeded the background, indicating mainly being affected by parent materials and anthropogenic activities. The Cr concentrations in rice grains vary from 0.09 to 0.11 mg/kg, with an average of 0.10 mg/kg. The Cr concentration doesn’t exceed the critical limit of Cr in food. The BCF of Cr in the rice grains is closely related to the concentration of Cu and TFe₂O₃, and SiO₂/Al₂O₃ in the rhizosphere soils, and was affected by the weathering degree, iron oxides and antagonism between elements in the rhizosphere soil. The prediction model for BCF of Cr in the rice grains is established by using multiple linear regression analysis and the prediction results are convincing. The predicted Cr concentration in the rice grains in the study area is below its critical limit.

Key words: Zhuzhou, rice grain, Cr, influencing factor, prediction model

中图分类号:

P595

李思远, 侯青叶, 汤奇峰, 余涛, 杨忠芳. 湖南株洲土壤-水稻籽实间Cr迁移特征及其影响因素[J]. 现代地质, 2024, 38(03): 775-783.

LI Siyuan, HOU Qingye, TANG Qifeng, YU Tao, YANG Zhongfang. Migration of Cr Between Soil and Rice Grains and Its Influencing Factors in Zhuzhou, Hunan[J]. Geoscience, 2024, 38(03): 775-783.

图/表 10

图1 研究区样品点分布图

Fig.1 Distribution map of samples in the study area

表1 样品分析方法配套方案及检出限

Table 1 Analysis methods and detection limits for the soil and rice grain samples

样品类型	测定元素指标	分析方法	分析方法检出限
	pH	ISE	0.1
	有机碳(%)	VOL	0.05
	Al₂O₃(%)	XRF	0.05
土壤	SiO₂(%)	XRF	0.05
	TFe₂O₃(%)	XRF	0.05
	Cu(mg/kg)	ICP/AES	0.8
	Cr(mg/kg)	ICP/AES	3
水稻籽实	Cr(mg/kg)	ICP-MS	0.005

图2 研究区土壤主要理化性质统计特征

Fig.2 Statistical characteristics of main physiochemical properties of the soil in the study area

图3 研究区表层土壤Cr含量地球化学图

Fig.3 Geochemical map of Cr concentration of topsoil in the study area

图4 研究区不同类型土壤Cr含量统计

Fig.4 Cr concentration of different types of soils in the study area

图5 研究区土壤Cr污染程度评价

Fig.5 Evaluation of Cr pollution degree of soil in the study area

表2 PCA模型主因子解及成分矩阵

Table 2 Main factor solution and component matrix of PCA

成分	旋转载荷平方和			旋转后成分矩阵
	总计	贡献率 (%)	累积贡献率(%)	As	Cd	Cr	Cu	Hg	Ni	Pb	Zn
PC1	3.152	39.395	39.395	0.07	0.047	0.880	0.724	-0.199	0.848	0.278	0.399
PC2	1.318	16.481	55.876	-0.058	0.858	0	0.459	0.46	0.208	0.541	0.803
PC3	1.065	13.310	69.186	0.878	-0.01	0.186	-0.172	0.453	-0.107	0.141	-0.142

表3 水稻籽实富集系数与土壤元素相关系数

Table 3 Correlation analysis of the BCF with soil elements

参数	SiO₂/Al₂O₃	TFe₂O₃	Cu
生物富集系数(BCF)	0.514^**	-0.632^**	-0.660^**

图6 Cr的BCF与SiO2/Al2O3、TFe2O3、Cu含量散点图

Fig.6 Scattering plots of the BCF-Cr with SiO2/Al2O3, TFe2O3, and Cu concentrations

图7 BCF-Cr的实际值与预测值散点图

Fig.7 Scattering plot of the predicted and measured BCF-Cr values

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