鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段去白云石化成因及模式

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.002

现代地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (02): 378-387.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.002

鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段去白云石化成因及模式

雷涵¹^,²^,³(), 黄文辉¹^,²^,³(), 孙启隆¹^,²^,³, 车青松¹^,²^,³

1.中国地质大学(北京) 能源学院,北京 100083
2.中国地质大学海相储集层演化与油气富集机理教育部重点实验室,北京 100083
3.中国地质大学(北京) 非常规天然气地质评价及开发工程北京市重点实验室,北京 100083

收稿日期:2020-09-10 修回日期:2020-11-20 出版日期:2021-04-25 发布日期:2021-05-25
通讯作者: 黄文辉
作者简介:黄文辉,男,教授、博士生导师,1961年出生,沉积学专业,主要从事油气储集层地质学,环境地球化学与煤中金属元素研究。Email: 1999011250@cugb.edu.cn。
雷涵,女,硕士研究生。1996年出生,地质工程专业,主要从事碳酸盐岩岩石学与储层方面研究。Email: 2106180004@cugb.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2014CB238900)

Dedolomitization Origin and Model for the Ordovician Majiagou Formation (5^th Member) in the Southern Ordos Basin

LEI Han¹^,²^,³(), HUANG Wenhui¹^,²^,³(), SUN Qilong¹^,²^,³, CHE Qingsong¹^,²^,³

1. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
2. Key Laboratory for Marine Reservoir Evolution and Hydrocarbon Abundance Mechanism, Ministry of Education,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083, China
3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Unconventional National Gas Geology Evaluation and Development Engineering,China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2020-09-10 Revised:2020-11-20 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-05-25
Contact: HUANG Wenhui

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

通过研究马五段去白云石化作用的成因及发生模式,可进一步了解鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层成岩和物性的演化。通过岩心与薄片的观察,结合地球化学方法,和对白云岩的碳、氧同位素与微量元素的测定,分析了去白云石化作用成因及成岩演化过程,并结合物性资料分析去白云石化作用对储集层的影响,建立了研究区去白云石化的作用模式。结合样品的碳氧同位素和微量元素特征显示:M5₁₊₂含石膏结核的白云岩层段普遍受淡水淋滤作用影响,但只有部分层段发生淡水淋滤成因的去白云石化作用,Th/U、Th/Cr、Cr/Zr与Y/Ho特征表明由于淡水淋滤作用,大气淡水溶解陆源花岗岩类物质并携带陆源泥质灌入岩层。淡水淋滤去白云石化作用流体Ca²⁺源来自溶解蒸发岩(膏盐层)和石膏结核, $CO 3 2 -$ 源来自表生期白云石化作用方解石分解,流体主要运移通道为溶蚀缝和缝合线;作用过程分为表生—浅埋藏期的交代过程和浅埋藏期的胶结过程,富Ca²⁺和 $CO 3 2 -$ 大气淡水流至运移通道末端,沿晶间缝下渗,造成白云石的选择性溶蚀和方解石对其的等体积交代,方解石胶结物填充晶间孔、缝和裂隙,使白云岩物性变差。

关键词: 去白云石化作用, 淡水淋滤作用, 成因模式, 鄂尔多斯盆地, 马家沟组

Abstract:

To constrain the diagenesis and property evolution of the Ordovician carbonate reservoir in southern Ordos basin, it is important to understand the origin and mechanism of dedolomitization there. Based on core and thin-section observations, and geochemical analysis, the dedolomitization mechanism and diagenetic evolution were determined by oxygen isotopes and trace elements. Subsequently, combined with the property data, the influence of different dedolomitization styles on the reservoirs was analyzed. Finally, the dedolomitization model of the study area was constructed. Combined with the carbon-oxygen isotopes and trace element data of the samples, we show that the dolomite with gypsum core in M5₁₊₂ is generally affected by freshwater leaching, yet some of them also underwent dedolomitization caused by freshwater leaching. The Th/U, Th/Cr, Cr/Zr, and Y/Ho ratios indicate that meteoric water may have dissolved granitoids and carried terrestrial argillaceous sediments into the strata, again due to freshwater leaching. Ca²⁺ source for the freshwater-leaching-related dedolomitization was likely from the dissolved evaporite (gypsum) and gypsum cores, whilst the $CO 3 2 -$ may have sourced from calcite decomposition during the supergene dolomitization. And the main fluid migration pathways may have been dissolution fractures and suture zones. This process can be divided into 2 stages: replacement (supergene to shallow-burial stage) and cementation (shallow-burial stage). In this process, freshwater rich in Ca²⁺ and $CO 3 2 -$ may have flowed along the migration pathways, and infiltrated along intra-crystal cracks, resulting in the selective dissolution and dolomite replacement with equal volume of calcite, together with the infilling of intra-crystal pores, cracks and fractures by calcite cement, which is destructive to the reservoir.

Key words: dedolomitization, fresh water leaching, diagenetic model, Ordos Basin, Majiagou Formation

中图分类号:

TE122.2

雷涵, 黄文辉, 孙启隆, 车青松. 鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段去白云石化成因及模式[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(02): 378-387.

LEI Han, HUANG Wenhui, SUN Qilong, CHE Qingsong. Dedolomitization Origin and Model for the Ordovician Majiagou Formation (5^th Member) in the Southern Ordos Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(02): 378-387.

图/表 9

图1 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶纪古构造分区

Fig.1 Sketched paleotectonic division map for the Ordovician in Ordos basin

表1 鄂尔多斯盆地南部马五段白云岩地化数据

Table 1 Geochemical data of dolomite (M5 member) in the southern Ordos basin

井号	深度/m	岩性	δ¹³C_PDB/‰	δ¹⁸O_VPDB/‰	Mn/Sr	Y/Ho	Cr/Zr	Th/Cr	Th/U
Y1725	2 301.43	微晶白云岩	-0.30	-6.30	1.302	45.081	4.094	0.108	0.230
Y1757	2 906.43		-0.40	-6.30	0.862	44.168	1.447	0.108	0.277
Y1758	3 060.91		0.20	-6.17	0.490	54.487	1.255	0.075	0.634
Y1758	3 599.74		0.40	-5.40	1.042	43.234	2.407	0.053	0.761
Y430	2 385.41		0.60	-5.05	0.710	50.584	1.757	0.057	0.231
Y391	2 903.74		0.20	-5.17	-	-	-	-	-
Y628	2 810.72		0.50	-5.55	-	-	-	-	-
Y391	2 790.89	含膏模孔微晶云岩	-0.30	-5.97	2.724	-	-	-	-
Y391	2 889.75		-0.30	-5.45	2.143	-	-	-	-
Y391	2 810.63		-0.80	-6.18	1.313	-	-	-	-
Y391	3 313.2		1.02	-7.88	1.727	-	-	-	-
Y391	3 114.7		0.38	-7.82	2.157	-	-	-	-
Y1725	3 275.1		-1.24	-7.16	1.313	44.168	1.447	0.236	0.826
Y431	2 720.6		-0.89	-7.45	1.205	42.995	1.193	0.158	1.083
Y1757	3 320.3		-0.26	-7.28	2.564	39.779	0.573	0.148	0.963
Y1758	3 108.4		-1.01	-6.86	2.042	34.530	0.618	0.053	2.199
Y391	3 113.7		-0.65	-8.03	1.938	38.982	0.963	0.197	0.634
Y1725	2 265	含膏模孔微晶灰质云岩	-1.71	-7.99	4.450	30.058	0.618	0.148	3.826
Y1725	2 269		-2.95	-8.32	5.337	36.271	0.571	0.220	3.423
Y1758	3 063		-2.56	-8.02	3.724	34.530	0.380	0.307	3.138
Y1758	3 067		-2.14	-7.23	3.776	34.858	0.368	0.341	3.002
Y1757	3 317.85		-1.92	-7.83	4.687	29.697	0.647	0.234	4.233
Y431	2 718.8		-3.77	-11.04	5.787	-	-	-	-
Y628	2 809.7		-2.89	-8.68	3.173	-	-	-	-
Y677	2 259.82		-4.23	-8.76	3.776	-	-	-	-

图2 鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段碳酸盐岩岩石学特征 (a)Y1725,2 260.82 m,微晶白云岩,铸体薄片;(b)Y1757,3 275.1 m,含膏模孔微晶云岩,膏模孔发育;(c) Y391,3 113.2 m,含膏模孔微晶云岩,膏模孔发育为示底构造;(d)Y1758,3 067 m,含膏模孔微晶灰质云岩,茜素红染色,膏模孔发育为示底构造; (e)Y1758,3 063 m,微晶灰质云岩,铸体薄片,茜素红染色;(f)Y628,2 810.7 m,溶蚀缝将晶粒灰岩破裂成角砾状,溶蚀缝内充填大量泥质(Arg)

Fig.2 Thin-section microscopic features of Ordovician carbonate rocks (M5 member) in the southern Ordos basin

图3 鄂尔多斯盆地南部马五段碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素交汇图

Fig.3 δ13C vs. δ18O plot of Ordovician carbonate rock samples (M5 member) in the southern Ordos basin

图4 鄂尔多斯盆地南部马五段碳酸盐岩Z-Mn/Sr交汇图

Fig.4 Z vs. Mn/Sr plot of Ordovician carbonate rock samples (Ma5 member) in the southern Ordos basin

图5 鄂尔多斯盆地南部马五段碳酸盐岩Z值与Y/Ho、Cr/Zr、Th/Cr、Th/U交汇图

Fig.5 Plots of Z vs. Y/Ho, Cr/Zr, Th/Cr, and Th/U of Ordovician carbonate rock samples (M5 member) in the southern Ordos basin

图6 鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段碳酸盐岩—膏盐层岩石学特征

Fig.6 Thin-Section microscopic features of Ordovician carbonate rocks and gypsum layer(M5 member) in the southern Ordos basin

图7 鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段白云岩孔渗交汇图

Fig.7 Porosity vs. permeability plot of Ordovician dolomite samples (M5 member) in the southern Ordos basin

图8 鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五—六段碳酸盐岩去白云石化模式

Fig.8 Dedolomitization model for the Ordovician carbonate rocks (M5-6 member) in the southern Ordos basin

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鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段去白云石化成因及模式

Dedolomitization Origin and Model for the Ordovician Majiagou Formation (5^th Member) in the Southern Ordos Basin

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鄂尔多斯盆地南部奥陶系马五段去白云石化成因及模式

Dedolomitization Origin and Model for the Ordovician Majiagou Formation (5th Member) in the Southern Ordos Basin

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Dedolomitization Origin and Model for the Ordovician Majiagou Formation (5^th Member) in the Southern Ordos Basin