Abstract:

Heilongjiang Province is a key commodity grain production base in China. Research on soil geochemical baseline and background values is crucial for scientifically assessing soil environmental quality and strengthening the protection and utilization of black soil resources. Based on data from multi-target regional geochemical surveys and land quality geochemical surveys conducted in Heilongjiang Province between 2005 and 2021, this study analyzed 54 elemental indicators in deep and surface soils of the province’s major agricultural regions using descriptive statistical methods. It clarified the content ranges and variation characteristics of each indicator, conducted normal and log-normal distribution tests on the data, calculated the baseline and background values for each element, and performed regional statistics for 12 cities including Harbin and Daqing.The results show that:(1) Most elemental indicators in surface and deep soils have similar characteristic parameters, reflecting a close relationship between soil elemental composition and parent material in the study area;(2) Differences in soil baseline and background values across cities in Heilongjiang are influenced by factors such as topography, parent material, and local soil salinization;(3) Soil geochemical background values broadly reflect the current status of soil nutrients and environmental quality. The study area has abundant nutrient indicators such as N, P, and Corg, with baseline and background values higher than the national average. Additionally, heavy metal pollutants like Pb and Cd have low background levels, indicating excellent soil environmental quality and favorable conditions for green agriculture development in Heilongjiang Province.Covering major agricultural regions of Heilongjiang, this study provides a reference for regional land resource management, ecological protection, and related fields.

Key words: Heilongjiang Province, soil, geochemistry, baseline value, background value, element