Geochemical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Selenium in Soil-Crop System of Qing’an Area, Heilongjiang Province

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2024.058

Abstract

Abstract:

Selenium (Se) deficiency is widespread in China’s soils. In recent years, large areas of selenium-rich soil zones have been discovered in the Songnen Plain; however, there is a lack of systematic scie.pngic evaluation, and research on the formation mechanism of selenium and its influencing factors is insufficient, which seriously restricts the development and sustainable utilization of selenium-rich land. Taking soil and crops in Qing’an Area, Heilongjiang Province as the research object, 8689 surface soil samples, 40 vertical soil profile samples, and 180 sets of crop and root soil samples were collected. Physical and chemical indicators such as total selenium and heavy metal elements in various samples were analyzed and tested.The results show that:(1) The selenium content in surface soil ranges from 0.03 to 0.93 mg/kg, with an average of 0.28 mg/kg, mainly dominated by selenium-sufficient soil (accounting for 93.93%). The vertical distribution of Se shows a surface-aggregated pattern with obvious secondary enrichment;(2) Soils developed from lacustrine sediments have relatively high Se content. Soil types have little impact on Se content, with black soil and meadow soil having relatively higher Se content. Under different land use patterns, cultivated land has higher Se content. The Se enrichment capacity of different crop grains in descending order is: rice>soybean>corn;(3) Correlation analysis and statistical results among elements indicate that parent material, soil organic matter, and pH are the main factors affecting soil Se content in the study area. Soil selenium and soil organic matter are key factors influencing Se content in crop grains. It is recommended that adjusting the planting structure by gradually replacing corn with rice and soybean in this region can reduce the risk of selenium deficiency in crops, meeting residents’ selenium-related health needs.

Key words: soil selenium, crop, geochemical characteristics, influencing factors, Qing’an Area

CLC Number:

X142
P595

LIU Ting, ZHANG Li, LÜ Shijia, ZHANG Siyu, WANG Gang, SUN Zhenwei. Geochemical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Selenium in Soil-Crop System of Qing’an Area, Heilongjiang Province[J]. Geoscience, 2025, 39(04): 1098-1107.

Figures/Tables 14

References 27

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	元素	分析方法	检出限
土壤样品	As	AFS	1.0
	Se	AFS	0.01
	Hg	AFS	0.0005
	Cu	ICP-MS	1.0
	Cd	ICP-MS	0.03
	Cr	ICP-MS	5
	Ni	ICP-MS	2
	Pb	ICP-MS	2
	Zn	ICP-MS	4
	Corg	VOL	0.1
	pH	玻璃电极法	0.1
农作物样品	Se	AFS	0.01

	元素	分析方法	检出限
土壤样品	As	AFS	1.0
	Se	AFS	0.01
	Hg	AFS	0.0005
	Cu	ICP-MS	1.0
	Cd	ICP-MS	0.03
	Cr	ICP-MS	5
	Ni	ICP-MS	2
	Pb	ICP-MS	2
	Zn	ICP-MS	4
	Corg	VOL	0.1
	pH	玻璃电极法	0.1
农作物样品	Se	AFS	0.01

	最小值	最大值	平均值	标准差	变异系数(%)
有机质	2.76	251.01	46.55	19.31	41.62
pH	4.72	8.64	6.07	0.50	8.24
As	3.20	70.80	9.78	1.84	18.77
Cd	0.02	2.07	0.11	0.06	58.26
Cr	11.30	109.00	60.52	6.58	10.87
Cu	3.70	140.00	23.15	4.27	18.45
Hg	0.01	2.02	0.04	0.05	112.79
Ni	5.30	43.30	26.65	3.50	13.14
Pb	15.20	82.40	24.58	1.87	7.61
Se	0.03	0.93	0.28	0.07	24.81
Zn	21.00	1047.00	71.69	15.60	21.76

	最小值	最大值	平均值	标准差	变异系数(%)
有机质	2.76	251.01	46.55	19.31	41.62
pH	4.72	8.64	6.07	0.50	8.24
As	3.20	70.80	9.78	1.84	18.77
Cd	0.02	2.07	0.11	0.06	58.26
Cr	11.30	109.00	60.52	6.58	10.87
Cu	3.70	140.00	23.15	4.27	18.45
Hg	0.01	2.02	0.04	0.05	112.79
Ni	5.30	43.30	26.65	3.50	13.14
Pb	15.20	82.40	24.58	1.87	7.61
Se	0.03	0.93	0.28	0.07	24.81
Zn	21.00	1047.00	71.69	15.60	21.76

土壤硒分级	含量(mg/kg)	面积(km²)	比例(%)
硒中毒	Se≥3.0	0	0
富硒	0.4≤Se<3.0	72.24	3.36
足硒	0.175≤Se<0.4	2020.55	93.93
低硒	0.125≤Se<0.175	51.43	2.39
缺硒	Se<0.125	6.94	0.32