Formation Mechanism of the Conjugate Strike-slip Faults in Tabei Uplift

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.188

Abstract

Abstract:

Two sets of permeable X-type strike-slip faults (NNE- and NNW-trending) intersecting at a small angle (40°) are developed in the Tabei uplift of the Tarim basin. Based on the interpreted 3D seismic data in the Harahartang area of northern Tarim Basin, we studied the geometric distribution characteristics and profile deformation characteristics of strike-slip faults (focusing on the RP6 and HA13 faults), and analyzed and compared the differences of deformation and development characteristics of NNW-trending and NNE-trending faults. Based on the gravity and magnetic data from the basin and the activity characteristics of the surrounding orogenic belt, the development mechanism and evolution of the small-angle X-type strike-slip fault in Tabei uplift were analyzed. The study shows that the strike-slip fault in Tabei uplift has clear vertical delamination deformation characteristics, comprising three structural layers: (lower) Sinian-Middle Cambrian (below TH₃ interface), (middle) Upper Cambrian-Middle Ordovician (TH₃-TO₃t interface), and (upper) Upper Ordovician-Carboniferous (TO₃t-TP interface). The fault was generally in a transpressive setting in the lower and middle structural layers, and developed most of the positive flower structures. In contrast, negative flower structures and normal faults were mainly developed in the upper structural layer, which was in a transtensional setting as a whole. Comparing the two fault sets, the NNW-trending ones are highly active, and there are distinctive fault characteristics in each structural layer, together with strong vertical connectivity, and the development of pre-existing basement faults. Meanwhile, the NE-trending faults are mainly developed in the middle structural layer, but unclear in the lower and upper structural layers. Activity analysis shows that the formation and evolution of faults are multistage, and that the strike-slip faulting had undergone three major phases in the late Middle Cambrian, Middle-Late Ordovician and Silurian-Carboniferous. Formation of the X-type strike-slip faults in Tabei uplift was controlled by the NNW-trending basement faults and weak zones. Strike-slip faults are developed preferentially in NNW-trending basement faults or structural weakness zones, and the angle between the basement faults and the main compressive stress direction is less than 45 °-Φ/2. Development of NNE-trending faults was restricted by the pre-existing NNW-trending faults, and finally the X-type faults intersecting at small angles were formed.

Key words: Tabei uplift, conjugate strike-slip faults, layered and multistage deformation, formation mechanism

CLC Number:

TE121.2

HUANG Shaoying, SONG Xingguo, LUO Caiming, NENG Yuan, MA Xiaodan, QI Jiafu, CHEN Shi. Formation Mechanism of the Conjugate Strike-slip Faults in Tabei Uplift[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(06): 1797-1808.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Division of structural units in Tabei uplift ((a) modified after reference[1]), schematic diagram of the position of Tabei uplift(b), and structural units of middle-western Tabei uplift (c)

Fig.2 Stratigraphic columns of Tabei uplift (modified after reference[26])

Fig.3 YM20 strike-slip fault ((a) composed based on the top coherence map of Ordovician Yijianfang Formation), profile of the YM20 strike-slip fault (b), geological interpreted profile of the YM20 strike-slip fault (c)

Fig.4 Characteristic map of strike-slip fault

Fig.5 Typical cross-section of the RP6 fault

Fig.6 Typical cross-section of the HA13 fault

Fig.7 Fault system map of Tabei uplift

Fig.8 Formation mechanism of strike-slip faults

Fig.9 Contour aeromagnetic anomaly map of the Tarim Basin (modified after references[31-33])

Fig.10 Diagram of stage deformation of strike-slip fault

Fig. 11 Formation model diagram for the conjugate strike-slip faults in Tabei uplift

References 34

[1]	安海亭, 李海银, 王建忠, 等. 塔北地区构造和演化特征及其对油气成藏的控制[J]. 大地构造与成矿学, 2009, 33(1):142-147.
[2]	魏国齐, 贾承造, 姚慧君. 塔北地区海西晚期逆冲─走滑构造与含油气关系[J]. 新疆石油地质, 1995, 16(2):96-101,188.
[3]	贾庆素, 周庆凡. 塔北地区含油气系统[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2002, 23(1):103-106.
[4]	孙岩, 贾承造, 万玲. 塔北地区晚期成藏条件的初步分析[J]. 石油实验地质, 1997, 19(2):139-147.
[5]	林辉, 郝学忠, 李书舜, 等. 塔北沙雅隆起××构造油气成藏条件分析[J]. 天然气勘探与开发, 2002, 25(4):27-32.
[6]	郑晓丽, 安海亭, 王祖君, 等. 塔北哈拉哈塘地区走滑断裂分段特征及其与油气成藏的关系[J]. 浙江大学学报(理学版), 2018, 45(2):219-225.
[7]	王新新, 崔德育, 孙崇浩, 等. 哈拉哈塘油田A地区断裂特征及其控油作用[J]. 地质力学学报, 2019, 25(6):1058-1067.
[8]	马德波, 邬光辉, 朱永峰, 等. 塔里木盆地深层走滑断层分段特征及对油气富集的控制:以塔北地区哈拉哈塘油田奥陶系走滑断层为例[J]. 地学前缘, 2019, 26(1):225-237.
[9]	孙东, 杨丽莎, 王宏斌, 等. 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区走滑断裂体系对奥陶系海相碳酸盐岩储层的控制作用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(增):80-87.
[10]	张庆玉. 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶发育机理[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2018.
[11]	旷理雄, 郭建华, 黄太柱. 塔里木盆地阿克库勒凸起于奇地区哈拉哈塘组油气成藏机制[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2008, 38(2):249-254.
[12]	马德波, 何登发, 陶小晚, 等. 塔北哈拉哈塘地区剪切断裂系统构造特征及其对油气分布的控制[J]. 地质科学, 2016, 51(2):470-483.
[13]	崔海峰, 郑多明, 滕团余. 塔北隆起哈拉哈塘凹陷石油地质特征与油气勘探方向[J]. 岩性油气藏, 2009, 21(2):54-58.
[14]	鲍志东, 齐跃春, 金之钧, 等. 海平面波动中的岩溶响应——以塔里木盆地牙哈—英买力地区下古生界为例[J]. 地质学报, 2007, 81(2):205-211.
[15]	阮壮, 于炳松, 李朝晖, 等. 塔北与塔中地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层成因对比研究[J]. 沉积与特提斯地质, 2010, 30(3):84-89.
[16]	胡明毅, 付晓树, 蔡全升, 等. 塔北哈拉哈塘地区奥陶系鹰山组—一间房组岩溶储层特征及成因模式[J]. 中国地质, 2014, 41(5):1476-1486.
[17]	WU Guanghui, YUAN Yajuan, HUANG Shaoying, et al. The dihedral angle and intersection processes of a conjugate strike-slip fault system in the Tarim Basin, NW China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 2018, 92(1):74-88. DOI URL
[18]	WU Guanghui, YOUNG-SEOG Kim, SU Zhou, et al. Segment interaction and linkage evolution in a conjugate strike-slip fault system from the Tarim Basin, NW China[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2019, 112:104054. DOI URL
[19]	何登发, 贾承造, 德生, 等. 塔里木多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2005, 26(1):64-77.
[20]	贾承造. 塔里木盆地构造特征与油气聚集规律[J]. 新疆石油地质, 1999, 20(3):177-183.
[21]	何登发, 贾承造, 德生, 等. 塔里木多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2005(1):64-77.
[22]	贾承造. 中国塔里木盆地构造特征与油气 [M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 1997.
[23]	汤良杰. 塔里木盆地构造演化与构造样式[J]. 地球科学, 1994, 19(6):742-754.
[24]	程海艳, 李江海, 赵星. 塔北隆起古生代构造样式和构造反演[J]. 中国地质, 2009, 36(2):314-321.
[25]	李坤. 塔里木盆地三大控油古隆起形成演化与油气成藏关系研究[D]. 成都:成都理工大学, 2009.
[26]	黄诚. 叠合盆地内部小尺度走滑断裂幕式活动特征及期次判别——以塔里木盆地顺北地区为例[J]. 石油实验地质, 2019, 41(3):379-389.
[27]	SYLVESTER A G, SMITH R R. Tectonic transpression and basement-controlled deformation in San Andreas Fault Zone, Salton Trough California[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1976, 60(12):2089-2101.
[28]	NAYLOR M A, MANDL G, SUPESTEIJN C H K. Fault geometries in basement-induced wrench faulting under different initial stress states[J]. Journal of Structural Geology, 1986, 8(7):737-752. DOI URL
[29]	邬光辉, 马兵山, 韩剑发, 等. 塔里木克拉通盆地中部走滑断裂形成与发育机制[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2021, 48(1):1-11.
[30]	何碧竹, 焦存礼, 蔡志慧, 等. 塔里木盆地中部航磁异常带新解译[J]. 中国地质, 2011, 38(4):961-969.
[31]	徐鸣洁, 王良书, 钟锴, 等. 塔里木盆地重磁场特征与基底结构分析[J]. 高校地质学报, 2005, 11(4):585-592.
[32]	HAN Xiaoying, DENG Shang, TANG Liangjie, et al. Geometry, kinematics and displacement characteristics of strike-slip faults in the northern slope of Tazhong uplift in Tarim Basin: A study based on 3D seismic data[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2017, 88:410-427. DOI URL
[33]	李曰俊, 吴根耀, 孟庆龙, 等. 塔里木盆地中央地区的断裂系统:几何学、运动学和动力学背景[J]. 地质科学, 2008, 43(1):82-118.
[34]	许志琴, 李思田, 张建新, 等. 塔里木地块与古亚洲/特提斯构造体系的对接[J]. 岩石学报, 2011, 27(1):1-22.