Development Characteristics and Reactivation Mechanism of the Jiangdingya Ancient Landslide in the Nanyu Town, Zhouqu County, Gansu Province

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2019.01.20

Abstract

Abstract:

The Jiangdingya ancient landslide is located at the left bank of the Bailongjiang River in Zhouqu County, Gansu Province, China, where the terrain and geological structure are very complex, and with alpine gorge and large gradient river. The Pingding-Huama fault zone, which has been active since Late Quaternary, passes through the landslide area. The lithology of the stratum is extremely broken under the impact of active faults, and the ancient landslide is also extremely developed with obvious reactivation characteristics. Based on the remote sensing interpretation and field investigation, this paper analyzed the development characteristics and reactivation mechanism of the Jiangdingya ancient landslide. It is believed that the Jiangdingya ancient landslide accumulation body is nearly 41×10⁶ to 49×10⁶ m³, which was formed in the geological history, and the giant ancient landslide is located in the Pingding-Huama active fault zone. According to the different positions of the landslide and the slope structural characteristics, the Jiangdingya ancient landslide is divided into 7 areas, including 3 major areas,i.e.the ancient landslide collapse area, the landslide rock deformation area and the ancient landslide accumulation area, and 4 ancient landslide reactivation zones. The broken fault scarp and cracks are extremely developed in this slope. According to the study, the central reactivation zone of the Jiangdingya ancient landslide is the main deformation and destruction area, and the reactivation zones in 1991 and 2018 are located in this area. The 2018 reactivation landslide volume is about 480×10⁴ to 550×10⁴ m³, and it was a slow sliding trailed landslide. The reactivation mechanism of the Jiangdingya ancient landslide is very complex, and the fractured rock mass and slope structure formed under fault activity and earthquake provide internal factors for landslide reactivation. The heavy rainfall increases the self-weight of the slope and weakens the mechanics of the rock and soil. The strong intensity of river erosion formed during the rainstorm period further cuts the slope foot, thus inducing the landslide reactivation. Therefore,it is a typical ancient reactivation landslide formed under the coupling effect of internal and external dynamics factors. At present, the four landslide reactivation zones in the Jiangdingya ancient landslide area are still creeping, and the reactivation will occur again under the action of heavy rainfall and river erosion, and cause disasters such as blocking the river and destroying the national highway.

Key words: Bailongjiang River, ancient landslide reactivation, active fault, Jiangdingya, formation mechanism

CLC Number:

GUO Changbao, REN Sanshao, LI Xue, ZHANG Yongshuang, YANG Zhihua, WU Ruian, JIN Jijun. Development Characteristics and Reactivation Mechanism of the Jiangdingya Ancient Landslide in the Nanyu Town, Zhouqu County, Gansu Province[J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(01): 206-217.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Reactive characteristics of the Jiangdingya landslide in Nanyu,Zhouqu,Gansu and the disaster caused by the dammed lake formed upstream

Fig.2 Development and distribution of the Jiangdingya landslide and its surrounding large-scale landslides (Modified afterreference[21])

Fig.3 Development characteristics of the Jiangdingya ancient landslide

Fig.4 Engineering geological profile of the Jiangdingya ancient landslide

Fig.5 Characteristics of the Jiangdingya reactivated landslide

Fig.6 Rainfall characteristics of the Jiangdingya ancient landslide from 2009 to 2018

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