Development Features and Controlling Factors of Carboniferous-Permian Carbonate Caves in Donglan-Fengshan Area, Guangxi

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2019.06.07

Abstract

Abstract:

Secondary porosity generated by dissolution of carbonate rocks are high-quality reservoirs for oil and gas, and provide favorable conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation and migration. To study the controlling factors of karst development, we analyzed the Carboniferous-Permian carbonate dissolution characteristics in Donglan-Fengshan area (Guangxi Province). Under the optical microscope, rock types identified include crystalline limestone and granular muddy limestone. The pore types are mainly intergranular dissolved pore, intragranular dissolved pore, intercrystalline pore and micro-fractures. The study shows that the major controlling factors on the cave development in the study area are tectonics, rock-fabrics, fluids properties, climate and paleogeomorphology. Among these factors, tectonics controlled the size of the caves. Larger caves are better developed along/around major structural zones. Moreover, large beds of limestone contribute the basic material for dissolution. Skeletal granular limestone with high mechanical strength can readily develop large caves. Difficulty of dissolution increases when the rocks are more muddy or recrystallized. Acidic fluids, humid climate and karst slope are favorable conditions for karst development in the study area. All in all, tectonics is the prime controlling factor in karstic cave development.

Key words: Donglan-Fengshan area, Carboniferous-Permian, karstification, cave features, controlling factor

CLC Number:

TE122.2

XIAO Sha, GAO Zhiqian. Development Features and Controlling Factors of Carboniferous-Permian Carbonate Caves in Donglan-Fengshan Area, Guangxi[J]. Geoscience, 2019, 33(06): 1208-1219.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of Upper Paleozoic-Mesozoic platform deposition in the study area (modified from Zhang et al.[6], 2016)

Fig.2 Geologic map of the study area (modified after reference[16])

Fig.3 Carboniferous-Permian biological features

Fig.4 Development characteristics of Yuanyang cave

Fig.5 Development characteristics of Lienin cave

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of caves near the Lienin cave

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of Biliangshan cave development

Fig.8 Rock types and petrological characteristics of Yuanyang cave

Fig.9 Rock types and petrological characteristics in/around Lienin cave

Fig.10 Rock types and petrological characteristics of Biliangshan and Bolan cave

Fig.11 Paleogene climatic sections of Baise basin, Guangxi (modified after Yuan et al.[33], 2007)

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