Discussion on the Distribution and Main Controlling Factors of Mud Volcanoes in Makran Accretionary Wedge,Northern Indian Ocean

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2018.05.15

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to study the distribution and main controlling factors of mud volcanoes in the active continental margin in low angle subduction background, a large amount of data on sedimentary strata, fault structures, mud volcanoes or mud diapir have been collected in the Makran accretionary wedge of northern Indian Ocean. The comprehensive analysis results show that the sedimentary strata in the study area are mainly composed of the upper and lower parts, among which the lower hemipelagic muddy strata have the characteristics of “east thick and west thin”, while the upper coarse Makran sand strata have the characteristics of high speed deposition. The characteristics of density inversion and high sedimentary rate provide the material basis for the formation of mud diapir or mud volcano. In Makran accretionary wedge, the convergence rate between Arabian plate and Eurasian plate is characterized by “east fast and west slow”, moreover, the strike-slip faults and mud-volcanoes developed on both sides of the east and west. Considering the convergence rate of the Mediterranean Sea Ridge with the same low subduction angle and the distribution characteristics of mud volcanoes, it is considered that the mud volcanoes on both sides of the east and west are mainly controlled by strike-slip faults, while the mud volcanoes in the accretionary wedge are mainly controlled by the convergence rate, thrust faults and density inversion, showing the characteristics of “the East mud volcanoes are more than the West”.

Key words: sedimentary feature, convergence rate, mud volcano, main controlling factor, Makran accretionary wedge

CLC Number:

P618.13

GONG Jianming, LIAO Jing, ZHANG Li, HE Yongjun, ZHAI Bin, MENG Ming, CHENG Haiyan. Discussion on the Distribution and Main Controlling Factors of Mud Volcanoes in Makran Accretionary Wedge,Northern Indian Ocean[J]. Geoscience, 2018, 32(05): 1025-1030.

Figures/Tables 4

Table 1 Distribution characteristics of mud volcanoes in Makran accretionary wedge (after references of [13??-16])

泥火山分布区	巴基斯坦			伊朗
泥火山分布区	陆域	海域		陆域	海域
泥火山数量/处	48	14	7		8
与泥火山有关的断层类型	走滑断层为主	逆冲断层、走滑断层	走滑断层为主		逆冲断层

Fig.1 Geotectonic location and distribution map of mud volcanoes in the Makran accretionary wedge(after references of[17-18])

Fig.2 Schematic stratigraphic column of the Makran accretionary prism (after reference [12])

Table 2 Comparisons in mud volcano features and controlling factors between mid-west and northern of Mediterranean Ridge (after reference [28])

地中海海岭	中-西部(Olimpi 泥火山地区)	东部(Anaximander Mountains泥火山地区)
泥火山数量	多	少
汇聚速率	高,25~35 mm/a	低,13 mm/a
俯冲地层	年轻,半远洋沉积物	老,固结的岩石
主控因素	走滑断层+逆冲断层	走滑断层为主

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