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现代地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (03): 720-731.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.024

• 水资源与环境地质 • 上一篇    下一篇

甘肃天水地区强降雨诱发黄土-泥岩滑坡机理实验研究

韩帅1,2(), 孙萍1,2(), 李荣建3, 张瑾3, 李晓斌4, 祝恩珍1,2,4   

  1. 1.中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081
    2.新构造运动与地质灾害重点实验室,北京 100081
    3.西安理工大学 岩土工程研究所,陕西 西安 710048
    4.中国地质大学(北京) 工程技术学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-28 修回日期:2020-03-25 出版日期:2021-06-23 发布日期:2021-06-24
  • 通讯作者: 孙萍
  • 作者简介:孙 萍,女,研究员,博士生导师,1978年出生,地质工程专业,主要从事工程地质、地质灾害方面的研究工作。Email: sunpingcgs@163.com
    韩 帅,男,硕士研究生,1994年出生,地质工程专业,主要从事地质灾害、工程地质方面的研究。Email: 869086163@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41472296);中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD20190717)

Experimental Study on Mechanism of Heavy Rainfall-induced Loess-mudstone Landslides in Tianshui Area,Gansu

HAN Shuai1,2(), SUN Ping1,2(), LI Rongjian3, ZHANG Jin3, LI Xiaobin4, ZHU Enzhen1,2,4   

  1. 1. Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China
    2. Key Laboratory of Neotectonic Movement and Geohazard,Beijing 100081,China
    3. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710048,China
    4. School of Engineering and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2019-05-28 Revised:2020-03-25 Online:2021-06-23 Published:2021-06-24
  • Contact: SUN Ping

摘要:

在甘肃天水地区每年由降雨诱发的黄土-泥岩滑坡灾害事故很多,给当地人民生命财产造成巨大损失。为探索该类斜坡的滑动破坏过程与机理,在野外地质调查、工程地质钻探及岩土体力学测试的基础上,通过室内大型物理模型实验,研究“上部黄土+下部泥岩”二元结构类型斜坡在强降雨作用下的动态变形演化过程,揭示该类斜坡的破坏机理和破坏模式。结果表明:强降雨作用下斜坡变形破坏以滑动破坏为主,水分的作用主要表现为增加土体自重、引起土体强度降低、降低结构面的抗滑力、产生孔隙水压力及降低有效应力等几个方面,斜坡的破坏模式则主要表现为坡肩侵蚀→微裂隙产生、发展、贯通→斜坡局部滑动破坏→斜坡整体滑动破坏。研究结果对天水地区该类滑坡的早期识别有重要的参考意义,可为该类滑坡的防灾减灾提供科学依据。

关键词: 降雨诱发滑坡, 斜坡, 滑坡机理, 模型实验

Abstract:

Rainfall-induced loess-mudstone landslide disasters are common every year in the Tianshui area (Gansu Province), causing significant loss of life and property. Based on field geological survey, engineering geological drilling, and rock and soil mechanics analyses, and through laboratory large-scale physical modelling experiment, we explore the dynamic deformation process of heavy rainfall-induced landslides (which are characterized by loess-mudstone bimodal structure), and reveal the failure mode and mechanism for this type of landslide. The results show that the slope deformation is mainly manifested as sliding damage under heavy rainfall. The role of water is mainly on increasing the soil weight and pore water pressure, and decreasing the soil strength, effective stress, and sliding resistance of the structural surface. Meanwhile, the failure mode of landslide is mainly manifested by slope shoulder erosion→microcrack growth and interconnection→local failure→overall sliding failure. Our findings are important for early-stage landslide recognition and provide scientific basis for landslide-related disaster prevention in the region.

Key words: rainfall-induced landslide, slope, landslide mechanism, model experiment

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