超稠油油藏溶剂辅助蒸汽重力泄油室内实验研究

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2018.06.09

现代地质 ›› 2018, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (06): 1203-1211.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2018.06.09

超稠油油藏溶剂辅助蒸汽重力泄油室内实验研究

王连刚¹(), 石兰香², 袁哲³, 李秀峦², 刘鹏程³()

1.中国石油天然气股份有限公司勘探与生产分公司,北京 100007
2.中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083
3.中国地质大学(北京) 能源学院,北京 100083

收稿日期:2018-01-05 修回日期:2018-05-10 出版日期:2018-12-10 发布日期:2018-12-20
通讯作者: 刘鹏程,男,教授,1969年出生,油气田开发工程专业,现主要从事油气田开发方面的研究工作。Email:lpc@cugb.edu.cn。
作者简介:王连刚,男,高级工程师,1966年出生,油气田开发工程专业,现主要从事油藏工程研究工作。Email:Lgwang@petrochina.com.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“多介质助剂与蒸汽协同作用开发稠油油藏机理与实验研究”(51774256);国家科技重大专项“改善SAGD开发效果技术研究与应用”(2016ZX05012-002)

Experimental Study on the Solvent-Assisted Steam Gravity Drainage Process in Extra-heavy Oil Reservoirs

WANG Liangang¹(), SHI Lanxiang², YUAN Zhe³, LI Xiuluan², LIU Pengcheng³()

1. PetroChina Exploration & Production Company, Beijing 100007, China
2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development, Beijing 100083, China
3. School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China

Received:2018-01-05 Revised:2018-05-10 Online:2018-12-10 Published:2018-12-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以国内某超稠油油藏为基础,应用二维物理模拟装置开展了蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD)对比实验,研究了溶剂辅助SAGD技术对SAGD蒸汽腔发育特征、原油产量以及采收率的影响。研究结果表明,溶剂辅助SAGD中,溶剂以液相和气相共同存于油藏中,溶剂浓度越高,气相组分含量越高;溶剂中的气相组分在油藏中可以减少蒸汽在上覆岩层的热损失,提高蒸汽腔垂向扩展均匀性;合理溶剂浓度下,溶剂辅助SAGD可以显著提高峰值产量;低浓度溶剂辅助SAGD的单位原油产量的能耗明显低于纯蒸汽SAGD。实验结果表明,低浓度溶剂辅助SAGD对于开采超稠油油藏具有较大的应用潜力。

关键词: 超稠油油藏, 溶剂, 蒸汽辅助重力泄油(SAGD), 蒸汽腔, 采收率

Abstract:

Based on an extra-heavy oil reservoir in China, experiments of Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD) were carried out with a two-dimensional apparatus. We present new findings on the effects of solvents on the characteristics of steam chamber development, production rate and oil recovery. Our results show that liquid and gaseous components in the solvent co-exist in the oil reservoir. The mass quantity of the gaseous components was higher when higher concentration of solvent was injected. The gaseous components in the reservoir are accumulated in the top of the reservoir, reducing the heat loss and improving the conformity of the steam chamber shape in the vertical plane. Solvent-assisted SAGD has greatly improved the peak oil rate with proper concentration. Energy consumption per unit oil production in the low concentration solvent assisted SAGD process is significantly lower than that in the pure SAGD process. This study shows that solvent-assisted SAGD has great potential in recovering extra-heavy oil reservoirs.

Key words: extra-heavy oil reservoir, solvent, Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage (SAGD), steam chamber, oil recovery

中图分类号:

TE33
TE345

王连刚, 石兰香, 袁哲, 李秀峦, 刘鹏程. 超稠油油藏溶剂辅助蒸汽重力泄油室内实验研究[J]. 现代地质, 2018, 32(06): 1203-1211.

WANG Liangang, SHI Lanxiang, YUAN Zhe, LI Xiuluan, LIU Pengcheng. Experimental Study on the Solvent-Assisted Steam Gravity Drainage Process in Extra-heavy Oil Reservoirs[J]. Geoscience, 2018, 32(06): 1203-1211.

图/表 14

图1 实验所用超稠油黏—温关系曲线

Fig.1 Viscosity-temperature curve of the heavy oil sample

图2 多组分混合溶剂的组成 A.m+p-二甲苯;B.1,2,4-三甲苯

Fig.2 Mole fraction of the mixed-solvent components

图3 测试模型示意图

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of the experimental model

图4 热电偶平面分布示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of the temperature sensor distribution

表1 模型物性参数

Table 1 Physical parameters of the model

项目	孔隙体积/cm³	孔隙度/%	渗透率/μm²	初始含油饱和度
SAGD	5 910	31.85	120	0.926
低浓度溶剂辅助SAGD	6 110	32.6	120	0.959
高浓度溶剂辅助SAGD	5 879	31.7	120	0.942

表2 SAGD实验生产阶段注入参数

Table 2 Injection parameters in the production period of SAGD experiments

项目	注入压力/MPa	注入温度/℃	蒸汽注入速率/(g/h)	溶剂注入速率/(g/h)	溶剂质量分数
SAGD	0.5	159	2.02×10³	/	/
低浓度溶剂辅助SAGD	0.5	159	2.06×10³	297.6	0.125 2
高浓度溶剂辅助SAGD	0.5	159	2.04×10³	1 188.8	0.356 5

图5 低浓度和高浓度溶剂辅助SAGD实验中,注入和采出的C3-C8的总质量

Fig.5 Total injection and production amount of C3-C8 under two different concentration conditions

图6 低浓度溶剂辅助SAGD实验中气相产出物C1-C8的质量变化曲线

Fig.6 Gas phase production amount of C1-C8 in the low-concentration experiment

图7 高浓度溶剂辅助SAGD实验中气相产出物C1-C8的质量变化曲线

Fig.7 Gas phase production amount of C1-C8 in high-concentration experiment

图8 上覆岩层温度剖面对比

Fig.8 Contrast of the temperature profiles of the overlying rock

图9 模型温度剖面随时间的变化

Fig.9 Change of the temperature profile of the model with time

图10 原油产量曲线

Fig.10 Curves of the oil production

图11 原油采收率的对比

Fig.11 Comparison of the oil recovery

表3 产出单位质量原油消耗能量

Table 3 Energy consumed per unit of produced oil

实验	单位原油能耗/(kJ/kg)
SAGD	26 400
低浓度溶剂辅助SAGD	20 098
高浓度溶剂辅助SAGD	22 576

参考文献 22

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超稠油油藏溶剂辅助蒸汽重力泄油室内实验研究

Experimental Study on the Solvent-Assisted Steam Gravity Drainage Process in Extra-heavy Oil Reservoirs

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