火山岩风化壳储层特征及分布规律——以准噶尔西北缘中拐凸起石炭系火山岩为例

现代地质 ›› 2017, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (05): 1046-1058.

火山岩风化壳储层特征及分布规律——以准噶尔西北缘中拐凸起石炭系火山岩为例

范存辉¹^,²^,³(), 吴强⁴, 邓玉森⁴, 李虎¹^,⁵, 韩雨恬⁵

1.西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,四川成都 610500
2.中国地质大学(武汉) 构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉 430074
3.天然气地质四川省重点实验室,四川成都 610500
4.新疆油田公司石西油田作业区,新疆克拉玛依 834000
5.中国石油塔里木油田分公司,新疆库尔勒 841000

收稿日期:2017-03-12 修回日期:2017-06-20 出版日期:2017-10-10 发布日期:2017-11-06
作者简介:范存辉,男,讲师,博士,1980年出生,资源勘查工程专业,主要从事构造应力场解析、裂缝预测等方面的教学与科研工作。Email:fanchswpi@163.com。
基金资助:
构造与油气资源教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(TPR-2016-05);天然气地质四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(2016trqdz01)

Reservoir Characteristics and Distribution Rule of Weathering Volcanic Crust: A Case Study of the Carboniferous Volcanic Rock in Zhongguai Uplift, NW Junggar Basin

FAN Cunhui¹^,²^,³(), WU Qiang⁴, DENG Yusen⁴, LI Hu¹^,⁵, HAN Yutian⁵

1. School of Geoscience and Technology, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China
2. Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources(China University of Geosciences), Ministry of Education,Wuhan,Hubei 430074, China
3. Sichuan Key Laboratory of Natural Gas Geology, Chengdu,Sichuan 610500, China
4. Shixi Oilfield Operation District, Xinjiang Oilfield Company, Karamay,Xinjiang 834000, China
5. Tarim Oilfield Company, PetroChina, Korla,Xinjiang 841000, China

Received:2017-03-12 Revised:2017-06-20 Online:2017-10-10 Published:2017-11-06

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

火山岩风化壳储层已成为重要的油气勘探新领域,开展风化壳储层特征及分布规律研究对火山岩油气勘探具有重要的理论和现实指导意义。利用钻井、岩心、测井、地震、分析化验等资料,从火山岩形成环境着手,对准噶尔盆地西北缘中拐凸起石炭系火山岩风化壳储层特征及控制因素开展综合研究,明确火山岩风化壳油气成藏模式及分布规律。研究表明:中拐凸起石炭系火山岩形成于岛弧环境,岩性以安山岩、凝灰岩为主;火山岩风化壳结构分为风化黏土层、强风化带、弱风化带及致密未风化带4层结构,其中强风化带储层物性最好,为主要的储层发育区;有效储集空间主要为次生孔隙和裂缝,裂缝对储层渗流能力有较好的改造作用;风化壳储层主要受风化淋滤作用、岩性岩相、构造位置及断裂(裂缝)等因素的控制;油气主要分布在距风化壳顶面480 m范围内,具有沿三带(靠近断裂带、构造高部位地带、有利岩相发育带)、一面(不整合面附近)分布的富集规律。

关键词: 风化壳储层, 石炭系火山岩, 中拐凸起, 准噶尔盆地

Abstract:

Weathering volcanic crust reservoir has become an important and new field of oil and gas exploration, its characteristics and distribution rule are of great important theoretical and practical significance to the oil and gas exploration in volcanic rocks. Through comprehensive research of well drilling, cores, logs, seismic and laboratory analyses, weathering volcanic crust reservoir characteristics and distribution rule have been comprehensively studied from the volcanic rock formation environment in Zhongguai uplift, Junggar Basin. The result shows that volcanic rocks formed in the island-arc environment, and lithology is mainly andesite and tuff. The weathering crust structure of volcanic rocks can be divided into four layers: weathered clay layer, strong weathered zone, weak weathered zone and dense non weathered zone. The strongly weathered zone is the best of the four-layer structures, which is the main reservoir development zone. Reserving space mostly contains secondary pores and fractures, and the fracture has a better effect on reservoir seepage capacity. The development of reservoir is affected by lithology and lithofacies, tectonic movement, weathering and leaching, and fault(fracture). Carboniferous system volcanic oil-gas is mainly distributed along the three zones(close to fault zone, structural high part zone, beneficial lithofacies development zone), one side(near the plane of unconformity).

Key words: weathering crust reservoir, Carboniferous volcanic, Zhongguai uplift, Junggar Basin

中图分类号:

TE122.2

范存辉, 吴强, 邓玉森, 李虎, 韩雨恬. 火山岩风化壳储层特征及分布规律——以准噶尔西北缘中拐凸起石炭系火山岩为例[J]. 现代地质, 2017, 31(05): 1046-1058.

FAN Cunhui, WU Qiang, DENG Yusen, LI Hu, HAN Yutian. Reservoir Characteristics and Distribution Rule of Weathering Volcanic Crust: A Case Study of the Carboniferous Volcanic Rock in Zhongguai Uplift, NW Junggar Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2017, 31(05): 1046-1058.

图/表 13

图1 研究区位置图

Fig.1 The location map of study area

图2 火山岩TAS图解[9] a.全碱-SiO2图解;b.SiO2-K2O图解

Fig.2 TAS diagram of volcanic rocks

图3 火山岩风化壳垂向结构划分(597井,1∶2000)

Fig.3 Vertical structure of weathering volcanic crust(well 597,1∶2000)

图4 储层孔隙类型及特征

Fig.4 Pore types and characteristics of reservoirs

图5 储层裂缝类型及特征

Fig.5 Types and characteristics of reservoir fractures

图6 火山岩不同产状裂缝FMI特征

Fig.6 FMI characters of fracture with different attitude in volcanic rocks

图7 火山岩不同倾角裂缝充填程度对比图

Fig.7 Filling degree contrast figure of different angle fractures

图8 中拐凸起石炭系火山岩储层孔隙度与渗透率关系

Fig.8 The relationship between reservoir porosity and permeability in volcanic rocks

表1 不同古地貌单元与油气显示情况对比

Table 1 Comparison of different ancient landform units and oil-gas shows

古地貌	井号	日产量			层位	试油结果
古地貌	井号	油/t	气/10⁴m³	水/m³	层位	试油结果
残丘及其边缘地带	JL10	17.28	0.313		C	油层
	JL10	20.16	0.244	27.84	C	油水同层
	K021	66.38	0.76	—	C	油层
	H56A	29.3	0.375	18.19	C	油水同层
	H019	105.96	2.14	—	C	油气层
	JL11	17.61	1.47	26.29	C	油气层
	JL5	0.016	—	—	C	油水同层
缓坡	596	4.04	0.023	4.6	C	油水同层
	573	96.38	0.832	—	C	油层
	JL6	5.3	—	63.2	C	油水同层
	574	14.6	0.095	—	C	油层
	561	4.52	5.514	—	C	含气水层
陡坡	G10	—	0.032	59.3	C	气水同层
	G10	0.003	0.098	26.8	C	气水同层
	G6	—	—	5.2	C	水层
沟槽	G26	—	—	—	C	干层
沟槽	G150	—	—	—	C	干层
溶坪、洼地	未钻探

图9 中拐凸起石岩系火山岩风化壳发育连井剖面

Fig.9 Well-tie profile of the Carboniferous volcanic crust in Zhongguai uplift

图10 火山岩储层孔隙度与距石炭系顶部深度关系

Fig.10 The relationship between volcanic rock porosity and top depth away from the carboniferous

图11 中拐凸起石炭系火山岩风化壳油气运移剖面[18]

Fig.11 Oil and gas migration profile of the Carboniferous volcanic crust in Zhongguai uplift[18]

图12 中拐凸起石炭系火山岩油气分布图

Fig.12 Oil and gas distribution of the Carboniferous volcanic crust in Zhongguai uplift

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