基于颗粒应力的深层超压预测方法研究:以准噶尔盆地腹部地区为例

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.205

现代地质 ›› 2022, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (04): 1074-1086.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.205

基于颗粒应力的深层超压预测方法研究:以准噶尔盆地腹部地区为例

韩宏伟¹(), 刘震²^,³(), 马昕箬²^,³, 李红梅¹, 贺洋洋¹, 徐泽阳²^,³

1.中国石油化工股份有限公司胜利油田分公司物探研究院,山东东营 257022
2.油气资源与探测国家重点实验室,北京 102249
3.中国石油大学(北京)地球科学学院,北京 102249

收稿日期:2021-12-07 修回日期:2022-01-10 出版日期:2022-08-10 发布日期:2022-09-09
通讯作者: 刘震
作者简介:刘震,男,博士生导师,博士,1963年出生,石油地质学专业。主要从事石油地质学基础及应用研究。Email: liuzhenjr@163.com。
韩宏伟,男,高级工程师,博士,1968年出生,石油地质学专业。从事石油地震勘探与综合研究。Email: hhw@slof.com。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41672124)

Distribution Prediction of High Overpressure in Jurassic Moxizhuang-Yongjin Area, Central Junggar Basin

HAN Hongwei¹(), LIU Zhen²^,³(), MA Xinruo²^,³, LI Hongmei¹, HE Yangyang¹, XU Zeyang²^,³

1. Geophysical Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield, SINOPEC, Dongying, Shandong 257022, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
3. College of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China

Received:2021-12-07 Revised:2022-01-10 Online:2022-08-10 Published:2022-09-09
Contact: LIU Zhen

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

异常地层压力预测是油气勘探和钻井工程关注的热点问题。对于勘探程度低、探井稀少的地区,压力分布特征的不明确制约油气勘探进展和钻井高效实施,因此,地层压力预测精度有待提高。在地层孔隙静力平衡原理的指导下,以准噶尔盆地腹部实际地质资料和压力测试数据为基础,建立了基于颗粒应力的地层压力预测模型。研究表明,(1)经典压力预测模型存在缺陷,特察模型并非静力平衡方程,有效应力不是骨架真正承担的力;(2)采用孔隙型介质颗粒应力参数建立了孔隙静力平衡方程,通过研究区深层侏罗系已钻井超压预测对比,发现基于颗粒应力的压力预测方法精度有所提高;(3)压力预测模型仅考虑了内动力因素即沉积增压,超压成因补偿不可忽视。研究区发现准南构造挤压应力向盆地内部传递,形成了规律性分布的超压分量,附加地应力的补偿是提高超压预测精度的有效途径。

关键词: 准噶尔盆地腹部, 超压预测, 静力平衡, 颗粒应力, 超压成因补偿

Abstract:

Prediction of abnormal formation pressure is a hot issue in oil and gas exploration and drilling engineering. For the areas with low exploration degree and few exploration wells, the unclear pore pressure distribution characteristics would hamper oil and gas exploration and efficient drilling execution. Therefore, the prediction accuracy of pore pressure needs to be improved. In this study, based on the static equilibrium principle of formation pores, a new pore pressure prediction model based on grain stress is established according to the actual geological data and pressure test data of Yong-Mo area in the central Junggar Basin. The results show that: (1) the classical pressure prediction model has defects. The Terzaghi model is not in static equilibrium, and effective stress is not the actual support force of grains, but a man-made physical variable; (2) we established the pore static equilibrium equation by using the grain stress parameters of porous medium. By comparing the prediction of overpressure of drilling wells in the local deep Jurassic sequences, we found that the pressure prediction accuracy based on grain stress is improved; (3) The pressure prediction model only considers the internal dynamic factor (i.e.deposition supercharging), and overpressure origin compensation cannot be ignored. We found that the local tectonic compression in the southern basinal margin has transferred to the basin interior, and formed the overpressure component with regular distribution. The compensation of additional tectonic stress is an effective way to improve the overpressure prediction accuracy.

Key words: central Junggar basin, pore pressure prediction, static equilibrium, grain stress, overpressure origins compensation

中图分类号:

TE122

韩宏伟, 刘震, 马昕箬, 李红梅, 贺洋洋, 徐泽阳. 基于颗粒应力的深层超压预测方法研究:以准噶尔盆地腹部地区为例[J]. 现代地质, 2022, 36(04): 1074-1086.

HAN Hongwei, LIU Zhen, MA Xinruo, LI Hongmei, HE Yangyang, XU Zeyang. Distribution Prediction of High Overpressure in Jurassic Moxizhuang-Yongjin Area, Central Junggar Basin[J]. Geoscience, 2022, 36(04): 1074-1086.

图/表 17

图1 研究区位置及井位图

Fig.1 Location map of the study area

图2 永1井和永6井实测压力剖面图

Fig.2 Measured pore pressure profile of Yong 1 and Yong 6 wells

图3 征1井和征101井实测压力剖面图

Fig.3 Measured pore pressure profile of Zheng 1 and Zheng 101 wells

图4 庄1井和庄3井实测压力剖面图

Fig.4 Measured pore pressure profile of Zhuang 1 and Zhuang 3 wells

图5 孔隙度和流体压力与深度关系

Fig.5 Relation between porosity and depth, and relation between pore pressure and depth

图6 孔隙性介质静力平衡等效模型

Fig.6 Equivalent model of porous rock static balance

图7 密度与深度关系图

Fig.7 Relation diagram between rock density and depth

图8 研究区地层密度与声波时差散点图

Fig.8 Scatter plot of density and acoustic time in the study area

图9 泥岩孔隙度与深度关系图

Fig.9 Relation between shale porosity and depth

图10 颗粒应力与声波时差关系图

Fig.10 Relation between grain stress and depth

表1 地层压力计算结果及误差

Table 1 Calculation results and errors of pore pressure

井号	埋深 /m	实测压力 /MPa	预测压力 /MPa	绝对误差 /MPa	相对误差 /%
永1	6 161.3	113.526	69.903	43.623	38.40
	6 115.25	87.825	70.974	16.851	19.20
	6 090.75	101.5	73.267	28.233	27.80
	5 880.75	97.45	66.58	30.87	31.70
征1	4 810.5	62.05	62.3	-0.25	0.40
征1	4 792.7	60.57	57.97	2.6	4.29
庄1	4 325.7	42.732	44.263	-1.531	3.59

图11 单井地层压力预测

Fig.11 Pore pressure prediction of single well

表2 地层压力计算结果及误差对比表

Table 2 Comparison of strata pore pressure calculated results and errors

井号	实测压力 /MPa	岩石静力平衡方程		等效深度法
井号	实测压力 /MPa	预测压力 /MPa	相对误差 /%	预测压力 /MPa	相对误差 /%
永1	113.526	69.903	38.43	63.80	43.80
	87.825	70.974	19.19	72.43	17.53
	101.5	73.267	27.82	70.13	30.91
	97.45	66.58	31.68	59.83	38.61
征1	62.05	62.3	0.40	67.74	9.17
征1	60.57	57.97	4.29	53.57	11.56
庄1	42.732	44.263	3.58	40.73	4.69

图12 超压压力成因分解图

Fig.12 Decomposition diagram of overpressure mechanisms

图13 超压成因补偿模式图

Fig.13 Compensation pattern by overpressure origins

图14 工区侏罗系超压应力补偿分布图

Fig.14 Distribution of overpressure compensation by stress in study area

图15 研究区侏罗系超压分布预测

Fig.15 Pore pressure prediction of Jurassic in study area

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基于颗粒应力的深层超压预测方法研究:以准噶尔盆地腹部地区为例

Distribution Prediction of High Overpressure in Jurassic Moxizhuang-Yongjin Area, Central Junggar Basin

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