天然水力破裂研究现状及实验模拟

现代地质 ›› 2007, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (Suppl): 170-176.

天然水力破裂研究现状及实验模拟

马锋¹，钟建华^1,2，刘立³

1中国石油大学(华东) 地球资源与信息学院,山东东营257061；
2中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广东广州 510640；3吉林大学地球科学学院，吉林长春130026

收稿日期:2006-08-24 修回日期:2006-12-22 出版日期:2007-08-20 发布日期:2007-08-20
作者简介:马锋，男，博士研究生，1980年出生，岩石学、矿物学、矿床学专业，主要从事盆地流体、沉积学的研究工作。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目（40272082）；中国石油大学（华东）博士创新基金

Physical Modeling and Present Situation of Hydraulic Fracturing

MA Feng¹ , ZHONG Jian-hua^1,2,LIU Li³

1College of Geo-resources and Information, China University of Petroleum,Dongying, Shandong257061, China;
2 Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong510640,China;
3 College of Earth Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin130026,China

Received:2006-08-24 Revised:2006-12-22 Online:2007-08-20 Published:2007-08-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

天然水力破裂作为地壳的重要破裂方式，在油气运移过程及烃源岩排烃过程中起到很重要的作用。国内外对水力破裂岩心尺度特征的研究非常薄弱，对其形成机制的讨论仅限于理论探讨，相关实验支持较少。为了解沉积盆地中水力破裂与岩石类型的关系，利用三轴实验系统对泥晶灰岩（泥质粉砂岩）—砂岩复合试件进行了水力破裂实验。在实验过程中，模拟超压系统“壳”的低渗透岩石泥晶灰岩（粉砂质泥岩）发生了破裂，而模拟超压系统“欠压实带”的高渗透砂岩却未发生破裂。实验结果与理论分析和水力破裂裂缝的野外产状是一致的。

关键词: 水力破裂, 形成机制分析, 实验模拟

Abstract:

Hydraulic fracturing, an important cracking mean of the crust, plays an important role in the migration of the petroleum and in the hydorcarbon seeping process from source rocks. Research on micro-characteristics of the cores which are cracked by water power is rather weak, and their forming mechanism is only restricted within theoretic discussion in addition to relatively few supports from interrelated experiments. Hydraulic fracturing experiments were conducted using composite samples consisting of micrite (muddy siltstone) sandstone in order to understanding relationship between hydraulic fracturing and rock types in sedimentary basin. The lower permeability rocks,micrite and muddy siltstone which modeled the crust of overpressure system have been broken by overpressure fluid, while the sandstones modeled the uncompacted belt of overpressure system have been not broken. The experimental results coincide with the theoretical analysis and field observation of hydraulic fracturing.

Key words: hydraulic fracturing, genetic analysis, physical modeling

中图分类号:

TE121.1

马锋，钟建华,刘立. 天然水力破裂研究现状及实验模拟[J]. 现代地质, 2007, 21(Suppl): 170-176.

MA Feng , ZHONG Jian-hua,LIU Li. Physical Modeling and Present Situation of Hydraulic Fracturing[J]. Geoscience, 2007, 21(Suppl): 170-176.

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