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现代地质 ›› 2023, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (02): 340-352.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.082

• 构造地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

河套盆地西南缘巴音恩格尔活动断裂的发现及地质意义

李成路1(), 张绪教1(), 武法东1, 叶培盛2, 卢晶1   

  1. 1.中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
    2.中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京 100081
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-20 修回日期:2022-10-24 出版日期:2023-04-10 发布日期:2023-05-23
  • 通讯作者: 张绪教
  • 作者简介:张绪教,男,博士,教授,1964年出生,第四纪地质学专业,主要从事地貌与新构造方向的科研与教学工作。Email:zhangxj@cugb.edu.cn
    李成路,男,博士研究生,1992年出生,第四纪地质学专业,主要从事地貌与新构造方向研究。Email:lclhlb@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41972192)

Discovery and Geological Significance of Bayanengger Active Fault in the Southern Hetao Basin

LI Chenglu1(), ZHANG Xujiao1(), WU Fadong1, YE Peisheng2, LU Jing1   

  1. 1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
    2. Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
  • Received:2022-06-20 Revised:2022-10-24 Online:2023-04-10 Published:2023-05-23
  • Contact: ZHANG Xujiao

摘要:

河套盆地西南缘活动断裂的研究对环鄂尔多斯断陷盆地边缘构造演化规律的认识和黄河三盛公水利枢纽地震安全性评价有着重要意义。最新地表调查发现的巴音恩格尔断裂位于内蒙古磴口县东部,长约15 km,走向北东东。断层陡坎、水系错动等构造地貌显示,巴音恩格尔断裂是以正断为主兼具右旋走滑分量的张扭性断层。通过野外地质调查、浅层面波地震以及光释光(OSL)测年等方法,查明了巴音恩格尔断裂的运动学特征及活动历史。结果显示晚第四纪以来巴音恩格尔断裂右旋错断了数条黄河支流水系,平均水平位错量179 m。断裂在(118.98±20.96)~(76.97±13.5)ka的右旋正走滑运动错断了鄂尔多斯高原夷平面和黄河高阶地,形成长2.5 km的断层陡坎;断裂最新一期活动年代为(38.20±2.3)~30 ka,以垂直位移为主,断裂错断的最新地貌是黄河支流T3阶地,平均垂直位移速率0.337 mm/a。研究表明,巴音恩格尔断裂活动造成鄂尔多斯高原夷平面渐新统乌兰布拉格组大面积出露,并主导了河套盆地西南缘黄河支流T3阶地的快速下切,在区域地貌的演化过程中扮演着重要角色。

关键词: 活动断裂, 河套盆地, 错断地貌, 光释光测年

Abstract:

The study of active faults in the southern margin of Hetao Basin can reveal the structural and geomorphological evolution of the northwestern margin of Ordos Block. Recently, we found a 15 km long ENE-trending active fault in the eastern Dengkou County, Inner Mongolia. Displacement of channels and geomorphic features suggest that the Bayanengger Fault (BEF) is a normal fault with dextral strike-slip component. The kinematic characteristics and active periods of the BEF have been identified through field work, surface wave seismic exploration, and OSL dating. The results indicate that the Yellow River tributaries were displaced dextrally, with an average horizontal displacement of 179 m since the Late Pleistocene. The normal motion with dextral strike-slip component between (118.98±20.96) ka and (76.97±13.5) ka may have formed fault scarps on the planation surface of the Ordos Plateau and high terraces of the Yellow River. The latest event of the BEF occurred in (38.20±2.3) -30 ka, which was dominated by vertical offset. The latest geomorphic surface faulted by the BEF is T3 of the Yellow River tributary. The slip rate was 0.337 mm/a. The BEF activity likely caused the exposure of the Oligocene Wulanbulage Formation on the planation surface of Ordos Plateau. It also led to the rapid incision of T3 in the southwest margin of Hetao Basin, which played an important role in the regional geomorphological evolution.

Key words: active fault, Hetao Basin, faulted landform, OSL dating

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