高分辨率化学层序地层学在深水细粒沉积中的应用:以上扬子地区六塘露头五峰组—龙马溪组下段为例

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.01.28

现代地质 ›› 2021, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (01): 281-292.DOI: 10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.01.28

高分辨率化学层序地层学在深水细粒沉积中的应用:以上扬子地区六塘露头五峰组—龙马溪组下段为例

王茜¹(), 黄永建¹(), 张治锋¹, 王长红¹, 李祥¹, 刘伟²

1. 中国地质大学(北京) 地球科学与资源学院,北京 100083
2. 中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心,四川成都 610082

收稿日期:2020-07-16 修回日期:2020-08-25 出版日期:2021-02-12 发布日期:2021-03-12
通讯作者: 黄永建
作者简介:黄永建,男,副教授,1974年出生,地球化学专业,主要从事沉积学、地球化学研究。Email: haungyj@cugb.edu.cn。
王茜,女,博士研究生,1990年出生,矿产普查与勘探专业,主要从事沉积学、地球化学研究。Email: 944085175@qq.com。
基金资助:
中国地质调查局成都地质调查中心委托项目(12120115004401-04);国家科技重大专项项目(2016ZX05029-001)

Application of High-resolution Chemical Sequence Stratigraphy to Deep-water Fine-grained Sediments:A Case Study of Wufeng Formation and Lower Member of Longmaxi Formation in Liutang Outcrop, Upper Yangtze Area

WANG Qian¹(), HUANG Yongjian¹(), ZHANG Zhifeng¹, WANG Changhong¹, LI Xiang¹, LIU Wei²

1. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083,China
2. Chengdu Center, China Geological Survey, Chengdu, Sichuan 610082,China

Received:2020-07-16 Revised:2020-08-25 Online:2021-02-12 Published:2021-03-12
Contact: HUANG Yongjian

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

综合化学地层学、层序地层学的理论和方法,利用重庆石柱县六塘露头实测资料及样品分析测试资料,优选出陆源输入强度相关元素组合Al-K-Ti-Rb-Cr-Zr、自生沉淀强度相关元素组合Ca-Mn-Mg-Ba-Zn、有机质吸附及还原强度相关元素组合V-Ni-Mo-U-As作为化学层序地层划分指标体系,将六塘露头五峰组划分为LCW层序,龙马溪组下段自下而上细分为MCL1-1、MCL1-2、MCL1-3、MCL1-4层序。陆源输入强度相关主量、微量元素组合总量在层序界面附近相对较高,而在最大海泛面附近相对较低,具有元素总量减少→增加的旋回性变化特征;而自生沉淀强度相关主量元素组合总量和微量元素组合总量、有机质吸附及还原强度相关微量元素组合总量在层序界面附近一般较低,在最大海泛面附近一般较高,具元素总量增多→减少的旋回性变化特征。这种不同成因意义的元素组合总量旋回性变化是区域海平面变化的响应,具有区域一致性,可作为区域地层对比依据。

关键词: 上扬子地区, 六塘露头, 五峰组, 龙马溪组, 化学层序地层学

Abstract:

Based on the theories and methods of chemical stratigraphy and sequence stratigraphy, the data of Liutang outcrop profile and sample analysis and test in Shizhu County of Chongqing are used to optimize the indicators system for the chemical sequence stratigraphic division which are the elements assemblages of Al-K-Ti-Rb-Cr-Zr, related to input intensity of terrigenous, the elements assemblages of Ca-Mn-Mg-Ba-Zn, related to autogenetic precipitation intensity, and the elements assemblages of V-Ni-Mo-U-As related to organic matter adsorption and deoxidation intensity. The Wufeng Formation of Liutang outcrop is divided into LCW sequence, and the lower part of Longmaxi Formation is divided into MCL1-1, MCL1-2, MCL1-3, MCL1-4 sequences upwardly. The total amount of major and trace element combinations related to the input intensity of terrigenous source is relatively high near the sequence boundary, but relatively low near the most oceanic flooding surface, which has the cyclic changes characteristics of decreasing-increasing of total elements. However, the total amount of major and trace element assemblages related to autogenetic precipitation, organic matter adsorption and deoxidation intensity are generally lower near the sequence boundary and higher near the maximum flooding surface, which has the cyclic changes characteristics of increasing-decreasing the total amount of elements. The cyclic change characteristics of the total amount of element assemblages with different genetic signi-ficance is the response of regional sea level change, which has regional consistency and can be used as the basis of regional stratigraphic correlation.

Key words: Upper Yangtze area, Liutang outcrop, Wufeng Formation, Longmaxi Formation, chemical sequence stratigraphy

中图分类号:

王茜, 黄永建, 张治锋, 王长红, 李祥, 刘伟. 高分辨率化学层序地层学在深水细粒沉积中的应用:以上扬子地区六塘露头五峰组—龙马溪组下段为例[J]. 现代地质, 2021, 35(01): 281-292.

WANG Qian, HUANG Yongjian, ZHANG Zhifeng, WANG Changhong, LI Xiang, LIU Wei. Application of High-resolution Chemical Sequence Stratigraphy to Deep-water Fine-grained Sediments:A Case Study of Wufeng Formation and Lower Member of Longmaxi Formation in Liutang Outcrop, Upper Yangtze Area[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(01): 281-292.

图/表 9

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元素(氧化物)	石英	方解石	白云石	伊利石	微斜长石	斜长石	黄铁矿	绿泥石
SiO₂	0.841	-0.766	-0.997	-0.480	-0.240	-0.116	-0.192	-0.407
Al₂O₃	-0.700	0.720	-0.923	0.859	0.342	0.350	-0.239	0.244
Fe₂O₃	-0.731	0.845	0.295	0.577	0.157	0.078	0.165	0.504
CaO	-0.316	0.975	0.995	-0.274	0.024	-0.134	0.037	0.233
MgO	-0.731	0.405	0.998	0.267	0.200	-0.028	-0.212	0.552
K₂O	-0.647	-0.755	-0.947	0.861	0.300	0.314	-0.184	0.205
Na₂O	-0.446	0.268	-0.984	0.190	0.724	0.850	-0.132	-0.136
MnO	-0.321	0.710	0.972	-0.194	-0.043	-0.163	0.107	0.265
TiO₂	-0.660	0.694	-0.934	0.736	0.519	0.566	-0.242	0.046
P₂O₅	-0.265	0.878	0.873	0.037	0.172	0.253	0.438	-0.035
V	0.448	-0.583	-0.129	-0.285	-0.377	-0.345	0.118	-0.151
Cr	0.033	0.893	-0.854	0.199	-0.279	-0.174	-0.048	-0.096
Co	-0.001	-0.461	0.741	-0.204	0.257	0.093	0.334	0.089
Ni	0.112	-0.177	0.500	-0.141	-0.106	-0.091	0.290	-0.028
Zn	-0.398	0.796	-0.756	0.373	0.283	0.205	-0.269	0.180
Cu	0.373	0.135	0.999	-0.313	-0.439	-0.380	0.707	-0.035
Ba	-0.451	0.939	-0.367	0.402	0.208	0.094	-0.143	0.215
La	-0.056	0.282	-0.866	0.382	0.012	0.012	-0.257	0.049
Ce	0.062	0.497	-0.735	0.194	-0.088	-0.030	0.051	-0.095
Zr	-0.207	0.348	-1.000	0.103	0.611	0.664	-0.372	-0.347
Rb	-0.362	0.918	-0.951	0.621	0.096	0.023	-0.112	0.027
As	0.120	0.980	0.741	-0.176	0.118	0.214	0.436	-0.239
Th	-0.193	0.696	-0.866	0.330	0.012	0.085	-0.064	0.053
U	0.163	-0.333	0.010	-0.076	-0.104	-0.085	0.262	0.029
Mo	0.225	0.010	0.010	-0.114	-0.162	-0.127	0.414	0.000

元素(氧化物)	石英	方解石	白云石	伊利石	微斜长石	斜长石	黄铁矿	绿泥石
SiO₂	0.841	-0.766	-0.997	-0.480	-0.240	-0.116	-0.192	-0.407
Al₂O₃	-0.700	0.720	-0.923	0.859	0.342	0.350	-0.239	0.244
Fe₂O₃	-0.731	0.845	0.295	0.577	0.157	0.078	0.165	0.504
CaO	-0.316	0.975	0.995	-0.274	0.024	-0.134	0.037	0.233
MgO	-0.731	0.405	0.998	0.267	0.200	-0.028	-0.212	0.552
K₂O	-0.647	-0.755	-0.947	0.861	0.300	0.314	-0.184	0.205
Na₂O	-0.446	0.268	-0.984	0.190	0.724	0.850	-0.132	-0.136
MnO	-0.321	0.710	0.972	-0.194	-0.043	-0.163	0.107	0.265
TiO₂	-0.660	0.694	-0.934	0.736	0.519	0.566	-0.242	0.046
P₂O₅	-0.265	0.878	0.873	0.037	0.172	0.253	0.438	-0.035
V	0.448	-0.583	-0.129	-0.285	-0.377	-0.345	0.118	-0.151
Cr	0.033	0.893	-0.854	0.199	-0.279	-0.174	-0.048	-0.096
Co	-0.001	-0.461	0.741	-0.204	0.257	0.093	0.334	0.089
Ni	0.112	-0.177	0.500	-0.141	-0.106	-0.091	0.290	-0.028
Zn	-0.398	0.796	-0.756	0.373	0.283	0.205	-0.269	0.180
Cu	0.373	0.135	0.999	-0.313	-0.439	-0.380	0.707	-0.035
Ba	-0.451	0.939	-0.367	0.402	0.208	0.094	-0.143	0.215
La	-0.056	0.282	-0.866	0.382	0.012	0.012	-0.257	0.049
Ce	0.062	0.497	-0.735	0.194	-0.088	-0.030	0.051	-0.095
Zr	-0.207	0.348	-1.000	0.103	0.611	0.664	-0.372	-0.347
Rb	-0.362	0.918	-0.951	0.621	0.096	0.023	-0.112	0.027
As	0.120	0.980	0.741	-0.176	0.118	0.214	0.436	-0.239
Th	-0.193	0.696	-0.866	0.330	0.012	0.085	-0.064	0.053
U	0.163	-0.333	0.010	-0.076	-0.104	-0.085	0.262	0.029
Mo	0.225	0.010	0.010	-0.114	-0.162	-0.127	0.414	0.000

元素	相关矿物	主要成因意义
Si	石英,其他硅酸盐	陆源或自生
Al、Ga	主要是黏土矿物,少量与长石有关	陆源
K、Rb	钾长石、云母和黏土矿物(特别是伊利石)	陆源
Cs、Sc	黏土矿物和长石	陆源
V	主要是黏土矿物,V在缺氧条件下吸附在黏土矿物上	还原
Ca	主要是方解石和白云石,也与石膏和硬石膏有关,少量与蒙脱石和斜长石有关	自生为主
Mg	主要是白云石、方解石和/或黏土矿物(尤其是绿泥石)	自生为主
Fe、Mn	各种黏土和碳酸盐矿物以及黄铁矿	陆源或自生
Na	主要是斜长石,但有些钠与石盐和/或黏土矿物(如蒙脱石)有关	陆源或自生
Ti、Ta、Nb	钛磁铁矿、磁铁矿、钛铁矿、金红石、锐钛矿和/或闪锌矿	陆源
Th	重矿物,特别是独居石、锆石和磷灰石	陆源
REE	轻稀土元素在黏土矿物和长石中最为丰富,而重稀土元素存在于重矿物中	陆源
U	重矿物和有机物,还原环境	陆源或还原
Cr	重矿物,如铬尖晶石	陆源
Zr、Hf	锆石	陆源
P	生物磷、含磷重矿物(磷灰石和独居石),少量磷与碳酸盐和黏土矿物有关	自生
Zn、Ni、Mo、Co、Cu	黄铁矿、氢氧化铁、碳酸盐和/或黏土矿物	自生或陆源
Ba	碳酸盐,如重晶石	自生
Sr	长石、黏土矿物、碳酸盐	陆源或自生

元素	相关矿物	主要成因意义
Si	石英,其他硅酸盐	陆源或自生
Al、Ga	主要是黏土矿物,少量与长石有关	陆源
K、Rb	钾长石、云母和黏土矿物(特别是伊利石)	陆源
Cs、Sc	黏土矿物和长石	陆源
V	主要是黏土矿物,V在缺氧条件下吸附在黏土矿物上	还原
Ca	主要是方解石和白云石,也与石膏和硬石膏有关,少量与蒙脱石和斜长石有关	自生为主
Mg	主要是白云石、方解石和/或黏土矿物(尤其是绿泥石)	自生为主
Fe、Mn	各种黏土和碳酸盐矿物以及黄铁矿	陆源或自生
Na	主要是斜长石,但有些钠与石盐和/或黏土矿物(如蒙脱石)有关	陆源或自生
Ti、Ta、Nb	钛磁铁矿、磁铁矿、钛铁矿、金红石、锐钛矿和/或闪锌矿	陆源
Th	重矿物,特别是独居石、锆石和磷灰石	陆源
REE	轻稀土元素在黏土矿物和长石中最为丰富,而重稀土元素存在于重矿物中	陆源
U	重矿物和有机物,还原环境	陆源或还原
Cr	重矿物,如铬尖晶石	陆源
Zr、Hf	锆石	陆源
P	生物磷、含磷重矿物(磷灰石和独居石),少量磷与碳酸盐和黏土矿物有关	自生
Zn、Ni、Mo、Co、Cu	黄铁矿、氢氧化铁、碳酸盐和/或黏土矿物	自生或陆源
Ba	碳酸盐,如重晶石	自生
Sr	长石、黏土矿物、碳酸盐	陆源或自生

元素 (氧化物)	SiO₂	Al₂O₃	Fe₂O₃	CaO	MgO	K₂O	Na₂O	MnO	TiO₂	P₂O₅	V	Cr	Co	Ni	Zn	Cu	Ba	La	Ce	Zr	Rb	As	Th	U	Mo
SiO₂	1.00
Al₂O₃	-0.66	1.00
Fe₂O₃	-0.73	0.52	1.00
CaO	-0.43	-0.23	0.15	1.00
MgO	-0.82	0.53	0.68	0.59	1.00
K₂O	-0.64	0.96	0.44	-0.24	0.44	1.00
Na₂O	-0.04	0.23	0.04	-0.09	0.10	0.10	1.00
MnO	-0.43	-0.15	0.30	0.83	0.61	-0.23	0.05	1.00
TiO₂	-0.59	0.88	0.35	-0.20	0.37	0.91	0.25	-0.25	1.00
P₂O₅	-0.30	0.01	0.39	0.14	0.17	-0.04	0.37	0.27	0.07	1.00
V	0.17	-0.39	-0.17	-0.04	-0.35	-0.23	-0.47	-0.16	-0.23	-0.08	1.00
Cr	-0.33	0.49	0.20	-0.19	0.16	0.54	-0.19	-0.24	0.52	-0.07	0.16	1.00
Co	0.11	-0.25	0.17	0.09	0.02	-0.33	0.22	0.26	-0.41	0.15	-0.10	-0.30	1.00
Ni	-0.08	-0.29	0.28	0.10	-0.14	-0.20	-0.21	0.04	-0.17	0.31	0.61	0.05	0.14	1.00
Zn	-0.35	0.35	0.61	-0.05	0.33	0.31	0.19	0.02	0.34	0.26	-0.04	0.22	0.06	0.35	1.00
Cu	0.07	-0.23	-0.02	0.04	-0.12	-0.22	-0.38	0.03	-0.24	0	0.23	0.23	-0.07	0.24	-0.13	1.00
Ba	-0.51	0.60	0.39	-0.08	0.39	0.64	0.05	-0.10	0.62	-0.05	-0.03	0.43	-0.22	-0.03	0.38	-0.14	1.00
La	-0.08	0.30	0.08	-0.33	-0.05	0.31	-0.01	-0.27	0.24	-0.09	0.00	0.33	-0.13	0.03	0.20	0	0.21	1.00
Ce	-0.10	0.29	-0.07	-0.18	-0.03	0.32	-0.12	-0.20	0.29	-0.17	0.04	0.49	-0.23	-0.12	-0.05	0.06	0.11	0.13	1.00
Zr	-0.12	0.40	-0.05	-0.16	0.02	0.39	0.56	-0.22	0.61	0.07	-0.26	0.14	-0.23	-0.18	0.16	-0.27	0.29	0.09	0.11	1.00
Rb	-0.53	0.81	0.35	-0.23	0.34	0.85	-0.01	-0.23	0.77	-0.13	-0.14	0.53	-0.39	-0.17	0.29	-0.08	0.62	0.29	0.37	0.35	1.00
As	-0.14	0.03	-0.05	-0.03	-0.15	0.16	0.01	-0.15	0.26	0.14	0.25	0.20	-0.14	0.28	0.06	0.06	0.23	0.03	0.14	0.27	0.19	1.00
Th	-0.19	0.32	0.02	-0.09	0.09	0.36	0.05	-0.15	0.36	-0.08	-0.06	0.25	-0.18	-0.14	0.05	-0.04	0.19	0.14	0.29	0.21	0.35	0.11	1.00
U	0.01	-0.23	0.03	-0.06	-0.25	-0.13	-0.19	-0.07	-0.14	0.16	0.56	0.00	0.03	0.57	0.04	0.14	-0.02	0.05	-0.06	-0.09	-0.01	0.24	-0.04	1.00
Mo	0.14	-0.39	-0.19	-0.02	-0.37	-0.28	-0.28	-0.06	-0.31	-0.06	0.59	-0.13	0.04	0.41	-0.17	0.13	-0.17	0.02	0	-0.21	-0.22	0.23	-0.09	0.46	1.00

高分辨率化学层序地层学在深水细粒沉积中的应用:以上扬子地区六塘露头五峰组—龙马溪组下段为例

Application of High-resolution Chemical Sequence Stratigraphy to Deep-water Fine-grained Sediments:A Case Study of Wufeng Formation and Lower Member of Longmaxi Formation in Liutang Outcrop, Upper Yangtze Area

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主量元素 (氧化物)	主成分1	主成分2	主成分3	主成分4	主成分5
SiO₂	-0.920	-0.243	0.111	0.083	0.131
Al₂O₃	0.859	-0.465	-0.053	0.092	0.071
Fe₂O₃	0.760	0.203	0.061	-0.467	0.360
CaO	0.205	0.877	-0.195	0.247	-0.215
MgO	0.817	0.444	-0.158	0.135	0.160
K₂O	0.815	-0.525	-0.151	0.052	-0.093
Na₂O	0.213	-0.079	0.806	0.501	0.198
MnO	0.261	0.899	-0.014	0.168	0.042
TiO₂	0.775	-0.516	0.023	0.143	-0.254
P₂O₅	0.276	0.320	0.748	-0.405	-0.290

微量元素	主成分1	主成分2	主成分3	主成分4	主成分5
V	-0.337	0.787	-0.122	-0.024	0.032
Cr	0.662	0.431	-0.246	0.365	-0.088
Co	-0.459	-0.205	0.368	0.214	0.220
Ni	-0.361	0.733	0.334	0.155	-0.089
Zn	0.310	0.213	0.707	0.359	-0.063
Cu	-0.173	0.334	-0.459	0.420	-0.442
Ba	0.675	0.244	0.335	0.047	-0.135
La	0.363	0.230	0.058	0.318	0.587
Ce	0.458	0.205	-0.516	0.005	0.159
Zr	0.565	-0.055	0.262	-0.507	-0.080
Rb	0.835	0.211	0.024	0.009	-0.020
As	0.167	0.529	0.097	-0.515	-0.265
Th	0.479	0.097	-0.203	-0.169	0.339
U	-0.308	0.698	0.142	-0.142	0.129
Mo	-0.454	0.582	-0.129	-0.261	0.287

层序及关键界面	陆源输入指标元素		自生沉淀指标元素		有机质吸附强度指标元素
层序及关键界面	Al+K+Ti/ %	Cr+Zr+Rb/ 10^-6	(Ca+Mg+Mn)/Al /%	(Zn+Ba)/Al /10^-6	V+Ni+Mo+U+As /10^-6	EF(V+Ni+Mo+ U+As)
SBL2	22.33	329.00	10	9 495	155.40	3.05
mfsL1-4	17.20	260.00	16	20 632	316.67	106.33
SBL1-4	19.42	343.00	14	14 203	126.83	3.56
MCL1-4(均值)	21.19	342.31	16	13 182	188.90	7.43
mfsL1-3	18.01	319.00	32	17 131	151.46	6.91
SBL1-3	23.49	450.00	9	8 739	123.39	4.30
MCL1-3(均值)	19.08	349.20	16	11 201	153.43	8.14
mfsL1-2	15.41	284.00	13	13 664	255.10	8.29
SBL1-2	22.68	412.00	9	10 164	122.30	3.34
MCL1-2(均值)	18.40	343.15	10	11 256	190.66	22.62
mfsL1-1	8.57	146.00	23	14 356	556.60	597.51
SBL1	16.41	349.00	10	10 607	135.07	282.28
MCL1-1(均值)	15.64	293.33	19	10 682	314.72	110.68
mfsW	3.71	110.00	11	14 447	494.40	339.39
SBW	22.17	359.00	10	5 790	76.70	3.53
LCW(均值)	11.82	219.64	35	9 383	304.26	96.08

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