Critical Controlling Factors of Enrichment and High-yield of Land Shale Oil

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2020.04.19

Abstract

Abstract:

Clarifying the critical controlling factors of enrichment for high-yield continental shale oil is a key to prospecting target evaluation. Studies on shale reservoir indicate that in-situ accumulation is difficult to form high-yielding shale reservoir, which is characterized by short-distance migration. Therefore, mobility is critical for the enrichment of high-yield shale oil, and represents an important evaluation factor for shale oil block target selection. According to reservoir seepage mechanics and material balance calculation, it is proposed that shale oil abundance is the foundation, and fluidity and permeability are the key to high-yield and short-distance transport, which is important for oil enrichment. Research shows that residual oil abundance, maturity, crude oil viscosity (including gas to oil ratio), thin interlayers or cracks, and abnormal pressure are key factors for high-yield shale oil enrichment. The abundance of retained oil is the resource basis. The maturity and viscosity of the crude oil affect the fluidity of the shale oil. The degree of interlayer and fracture development determines the permeability of the shale formation, whilst the abnormal pressure is the dynamic condition. The inner hydrocarbon generation sag does not form high-yield shale reservoir easily, whereas high-in-sag and near-sag slope belt represent favorable structural belt. In general, the medium-high maturity (R_o,0.9% to 1.1%) organic-rich shale development area is prospective for shale oil enrichment. The above-mentioned high-yield controlling factors can be combined to understand the inner slope, inner slope proximal and deep area, and the relatively low-medium area (such as the low-profile anticline at the center of depression) are generally favorable sites for shale oil enrichment.

Key words: terrestrial shale oil, controlling factor of enrichment, interbed type, fluidity, hydrocarbon accumulation dynamics

CLC Number:

LI Hao, LU Jianlin, WANG Baohua, SONG Zhenxiang, LI Zheng. Critical Controlling Factors of Enrichment and High-yield of Land Shale Oil[J]. Geoscience, 2020, 34(04): 837-848.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig.1 Statistical chart of initial daily oil output of the shale wells in Paleogene continental-facies shale, Eastern China

Table 1 Major evaluation parameters of continental-facies shale oil and its standards in Eastern China

地区	生油条件					储集条件										可动条件 (异常压力) /MPa
地区	TOC/%	(S₁/TOC)/ (mg/g)	R_o/%	页岩厚度/m		有利岩相		与断裂距离/m		孔隙度 /%		脆性矿物含量/%		黏土矿物含量/%		可动条件 (异常压力) /MPa
济阳坳陷	>2.0	>100	>0.7	>30	纹层泥质灰岩纹层灰质泥岩		<1 200		/		/		/		>1.2
东濮凹陷	>2.0	/	>0.7	/	纹层灰质/云质泥岩		/		>10.0		>40		/		/
泌阳凹陷	>2.0	>70	0.5~1.1	>10	纹层灰质/粉砂质泥页岩		/		>4.0		>55		<35		>1.0
苏北盆地	>2.0	>10	>0.8	/	钙质页岩、层状钙质泥岩		/		>5.0		>55		<35		>1.0
潜江凹陷	>2.0	>300	>0.7	>8	白云岩、泥质白云岩		/		>12.0		>40		/		>1.2
长岭凹陷	>2.0	/	>0.5	/	/		/		>1.0		>40		/		/

Fig.2 Contour map of the retained oil abundance of Lower E2s3 Formation in Dongying Sag

Table 2 Standard of permeability values assignment of shale formation

渗透率赋值范围/10^-3μm²	构造缝			层理缝
渗透率赋值范围/10^-3μm²	地应力分布	与断层距离/m		岩相	夹层指数STI(0~1)	脆性矿物含量/%
0.75~1	集中发育区	600~1 000	纹层状页岩		0.5~0.8	>60
0.5~0.75	较大	60~100,800~1 200	层状页岩		0.3~0.5,0.8~1.0	40~60
0.25~0.5	一般	>1 200	块状页岩		0.2~0.3	20~40
0~0.25	较小	0~100	泥岩		0~0.2	<20

Fig.3 Major types of fractures of shale reservoir of Paleogene Formation in Jiyang Depression

Fig.4 Physical characteristics of different types of shale in Dongying Sag

Fig.5 Contour map of interlayer indicators of Lower E2s3 Formation in Dongying Sag

Fig.6 Relationship between the interlayer indicators and daily oil output of the shale wells in Dongying Sag

Fig.7 Relationship between crude viscosity and daily oil output of the shale wells in Jiyang Depression

Fig.8 Relations of formation temperature, Ro, oil/gas ratio and oil density to crude viscosity in Dongying Sag

Fig.9 Schematic diagram of pressure types in Paleogene shale formations from fault basins in Eastern China

Fig.10 Pressure coefficient contour map of Lower E2s3 Formation in the Dongying Sag

Fig.11 Relationship between pressure factor and daily oil output of the shale wells in Jiyang Depression

Fig.12 Relationship between the vertical pressure distribution and daily oil output of the shale wells in Eastern China

Fig.13 Statistics of structural features for the wells with >3 t/d production in the Jiyang Depression(n=36)

Fig.14 Statistics of structural features for the wells with <3 t/d production in the Jiyang Depression(n=32)

Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the relationship between organic matter maturity and shale oil enrichment

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