Characteristics and Influencing Factors of the Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes in Summer Water Bodies in the Bangong Lake Basin, Northwest Tibetan Plateau

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2023.105

Abstract

Abstract:

The Bangong Lake basin in northwestern Tibetan Plateau is geographically challenging to access and lacks effective hydrological data. In order to understand the regional water cycle and climate, a total of 34 water samples, including lake water, river water, glacial meltwater, and groundwater, were collected from this region during the summer. Moreover, the study revealed the variation characteristics of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes, deuterium excess parameters, and their relationships with the water salinity, elevation, longitude, latitude, and global rainfall patterns, as to investigate the environmental indications of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in the regional water cycles. The results show that the values of δ²H and δ¹⁸O in the water samples ranged from -112.37‰ to -24.90‰ and from -14.84‰ to 2.01‰, respectively. The mean values and standard deviations were -76.73‰±26.49‰ for δ²H and -8.43‰±5.24‰ for δ¹⁸O. Among them, the values of δ²H and δ¹⁸O were found to be the highest in lake water samples and the lowest in the glacial meltwater samples. The continental effect of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes was not evident in the study area, and certain water bodies exhibit an elevation effect. The hydrogen and oxygen isotope lines of each water body show that meltwater in the study area was more susceptible to atmospheric rainfall compared to other water bodies. The smaller intercept and slope values for the other water bodies indicate that atmospheric rainfall was not a major source of recharge and was characterized by evapotranspiration. The δ²H and δ¹⁸O values of rivers exhibit an increasing trend along the course, also reflecting the characteristics of strong evaporation. The relationship between deuterium excess parameters and salinity indicated that evaporation was the main factor affecting the variation of hydrogen and oxygen isotopes.

Key words: Bangong Lake basin, hydrogen and oxygen isotope, deuterium excess parameter, spatial distribution, isotopic effect

CLC Number:

SHAO Yuxiang, YAN Buqing, LIU Xu, JIANG Qin, CHEN Wenbin, GONG Kang, YI Haiyang, LI Bo. Characteristics and Influencing Factors of the Hydrogen and Oxygen Isotopes in Summer Water Bodies in the Bangong Lake Basin, Northwest Tibetan Plateau[J]. Geoscience, 2024, 38(02): 427-436.

Figures/Tables 9

References 30

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类别	样品编号	高程(m)		δ¹⁸O (VSMOW) (‰)	δ²H (VSMOW) (‰)	氘盈余 (‰)	矿化度 TDS (mg/L)	温度 (℃)	河源距离 S (km)
玛卡藏布	M1	4381		-12.84	-96.18	6.58	166	15.9	0
	M2	4372		-8.97	-78.53	-6.74	172	13.7	11
	M3	4353		-12.13	-98.93	-1.89	333	13.3	26
	M4	4345		-8.99	-81.38	-9.44	167	15.5	34
	M5	4340		-9.24	-83.60	-9.64	177	15.7	45
	M6	4262		-8.41	-84.39	-17.09	134	17.8	56
	M7	4218		-7.44	-76.87	-17.32	421	14.8	62
多玛河	D1	4806		-12.35	-94.75	4.07	81	13.4	0
	D2	4660		-11.77	-92.54	1.66	185	12.9	20
	D3	4512		-11.10	-88.09	0.67	267	12.5	27
	D4	4478		-10.95	-89.66	-2.06	434	15.1	52
	D5	4407		-12.19	-92.57	4.92	323	11.1	68
	D6	4384		-11.14	-90.91	-1.75	321	15.6	78
	D7	4328		-10.97	-83.78	3.99	329	16.3	87
	D8	4320		-10.10	-79.10	1.68	369	15.9	97
	D9	4260		-11.10	-88.09	0.67	357	13.3	105
班公湖	B1	4253		-1.34	-42.70	-31.95	619	15.7	0
	B2	4255		-1.25	-37.95	-27.95	663	16.6	9
	B3	4256		-2.85	-44.70	-21.89	554	17.0	23
	B4	4266		-0.53	-34.86	-30.58	1553	17.2	40
	B5	4261		0.24	-38.62	-40.52	3123	17.1	53
	B6	4258		2.01	-24.90	-40.98	3669	13.8	62
	B7	4256		1.71	-25.20	-38.87	3801	13.7	71
	B8	4267		-1.12	-38.88	-29.92	3842	13.7	87
	B9	4265		0.15	-33.62	-34.85	4010	13.6	97
冰川	S1	4906		-13.47	-104.08	3.70	83	3.7	-
	S2	5285		-13.92	-105.46	5.90	25	3.8	-
	S3	5518		-14.50	-106.84	9.20	21	5.7	-
	S4	5088		-14.84	-112.37	6.37	22	6.6	-
	S5	4949		-13.05	-96.29	8.07	43	15.5	-
地下水	G1	4259		-13.43	-106.96	0.49	703	13.5	-
	G2	4243		-6.85	-66.34	-11.56	703	13.7	-
	G3	4267		-12.57	-96.59	3.95	413	16.3	-
	G4	4301		-11.90	-93.03	2.17	785	11.1	-
青藏高原北部降雨^[6]	-	-	-12.85~-2.55		-92~-12	9.02±1.52	-	-	-
青藏高原南部降雨^[6]	-	-	-18.05~-14.00		-134~-106	6.78±3.87	-	-	-
中国中东部降雨^[21]	-	-	-9.15~-3.74		-62.46~-19.80	-	-	-	-

类别	样品编号	高程(m)		δ¹⁸O (VSMOW) (‰)	δ²H (VSMOW) (‰)	氘盈余 (‰)	矿化度 TDS (mg/L)	温度 (℃)	河源距离 S (km)
玛卡藏布	M1	4381		-12.84	-96.18	6.58	166	15.9	0
	M2	4372		-8.97	-78.53	-6.74	172	13.7	11
	M3	4353		-12.13	-98.93	-1.89	333	13.3	26
	M4	4345		-8.99	-81.38	-9.44	167	15.5	34
	M5	4340		-9.24	-83.60	-9.64	177	15.7	45
	M6	4262		-8.41	-84.39	-17.09	134	17.8	56
	M7	4218		-7.44	-76.87	-17.32	421	14.8	62
多玛河	D1	4806		-12.35	-94.75	4.07	81	13.4	0
	D2	4660		-11.77	-92.54	1.66	185	12.9	20
	D3	4512		-11.10	-88.09	0.67	267	12.5	27
	D4	4478		-10.95	-89.66	-2.06	434	15.1	52
	D5	4407		-12.19	-92.57	4.92	323	11.1	68
	D6	4384		-11.14	-90.91	-1.75	321	15.6	78
	D7	4328		-10.97	-83.78	3.99	329	16.3	87
	D8	4320		-10.10	-79.10	1.68	369	15.9	97
	D9	4260		-11.10	-88.09	0.67	357	13.3	105
班公湖	B1	4253		-1.34	-42.70	-31.95	619	15.7	0
	B2	4255		-1.25	-37.95	-27.95	663	16.6	9
	B3	4256		-2.85	-44.70	-21.89	554	17.0	23
	B4	4266		-0.53	-34.86	-30.58	1553	17.2	40
	B5	4261		0.24	-38.62	-40.52	3123	17.1	53
	B6	4258		2.01	-24.90	-40.98	3669	13.8	62
	B7	4256		1.71	-25.20	-38.87	3801	13.7	71
	B8	4267		-1.12	-38.88	-29.92	3842	13.7	87
	B9	4265		0.15	-33.62	-34.85	4010	13.6	97
冰川	S1	4906		-13.47	-104.08	3.70	83	3.7	-
	S2	5285		-13.92	-105.46	5.90	25	3.8	-
	S3	5518		-14.50	-106.84	9.20	21	5.7	-
	S4	5088		-14.84	-112.37	6.37	22	6.6	-
	S5	4949		-13.05	-96.29	8.07	43	15.5	-
地下水	G1	4259		-13.43	-106.96	0.49	703	13.5	-
	G2	4243		-6.85	-66.34	-11.56	703	13.7	-
	G3	4267		-12.57	-96.59	3.95	413	16.3	-
	G4	4301		-11.90	-93.03	2.17	785	11.1	-
青藏高原北部降雨^[6]	-	-	-12.85~-2.55		-92~-12	9.02±1.52	-	-	-
青藏高原南部降雨^[6]	-	-	-18.05~-14.00		-134~-106	6.78±3.87	-	-	-
中国中东部降雨^[21]	-	-	-9.15~-3.74		-62.46~-19.80	-	-	-	-