Study on the pH of Groundwater and Its Controlling Factors in the Poyang Lake Area, Jiangxi

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2023.055

Abstract

Abstract:

The pH value is an essential hydrogeochemical parameter affecting the chemical species in the groundwater. The groundwater in the Poyang Lake area is of great importance to the ecosystem of lake and wetland, and is the vital water resource for industrial and agricultural utilizations, however, only there are few stu-dies on the pH of the groundwater in the Poyang Lake aera. Through the investigation of the values of pH, and components of NO₃, Cl, HCO₃, SO₄, Ca, Mg, Na, and K in the collected 56 groundwater samples, we studied the distribution and its controlling factors of the groundwater pH in the Poyang Lake area during both dry and wet seasons using multivariate statistics analysis and spatial analysis. It shows that the groundwater in the Poyang Lake area is slightly acid. The pH of groundwater ranges from 4.75 to 8.41 with an average of 6.43 during the dry season, while ranging from 4.76 to 7.43 (average value 6.05) during the wet season. Groundwater pH in the Poyang Lake area presents spatial difference and varies with the hydrogeochemical types. This study infers that the potential effects on the pH of groundwater in the Poyang Lake area are acid rain, soil types, and presence of carbonate rocks. The results in this study will benefit the management of groundwater resources and groundwater pollution prevention in the Poyang Lake area.

Key words: Poyang Lake, groundwater, pH, nitrate, controlling factor

CLC Number:

XUE Yang, LIAO Fu, WANG Guangcai. Study on the pH of Groundwater and Its Controlling Factors in the Poyang Lake Area, Jiangxi[J]. Geoscience, 2024, 38(02): 419-426.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig.1 Locality of Poyang Lake (a) and the sampling locations of the groundwater in the Poyang Lake area (b)

Fig.2 Statistical histograms for pH values of groundwater during dry (a) and wet (d) seasons in the Poyang Lake area

Table 1 Statistical values of the pH of groundwateraround Poyany Lake area

属性	枯水期	丰水期
最小值	4.75	4.76
最大值	8.41	7.43
均值	6.43	6.05
中位数	6.55	6.11
标准偏差	0.69	0.65
变差系数	0.11	0.11
偏酸性水(pH<6.5)比例(%)	54.00	75.00

Table 2 The pH values and hydrochemical types of the groundwater during the wet and dry seasons in the Poyang Lake area

水化学类型	枯水期			丰水期
水化学类型	最小值	最大值	平均值	最小值	最大值	平均值
HCO₃-Ca	6.30	8.41	7.00	5.38	7.07	6.79
HCO₃-Ca·Mg	6.15	7.26	6.75	5.64	6.71	6.17
HCO₃-Ca·Na	6.10	6.42	6.35	5.60	7.43	6.49
NO₃·HCO₃、HCO₃ ·NO₃	5.15	6.80	5.86	5.06	6.91	5.97
NO₃·Cl、Cl·NO₃	4.75	6.26	5.80	4.76	6.13	5.31

Fig.3 Contour lines of pH values in the groundwater during the dry season

Fig.4 Contour lines of the pH values of groundwater during the wet season

Fig. 5 Normal distribution Q-Q diagrams and box plot of groundwater pH in the red soil area and paddy soil area

Fig.6 Relationship between pH and the percentage of NO3- milligram equivalent in groundwater

Table 3 Parameters of the multivariable linear regressionmodel

变量	系数	T检验	p值
常量	d=6.494	38.44	0
土壤类型	a=-0.502	-2.73	0.009
NO₃^-	b=-0.030	-1.12	0.268
碳酸盐岩(Ca²⁺)	c=0.010	-2.49	0.016

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