Characteristics and Significance of Skarn Minerals of Mengya’a Pb-Zn Deposit in Tibet

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2018.05.02

Abstract

Abstract:

Mengya’a lead-zinc deposit in Tibet is an important stratified or stratoid skarn deposit in the northern margin of Gangdise. Laigu Formation, the main ore-hosting strata, provides the main metallogenic material. The main skarn minerals consist mainly of wollastonite, pyroxene, garnet, hopfnerite, actinolite, epidote, chlorite etc.According to the association combination and replacement relationship of minerals, the authors infer that Mengya’a lead-zinc deposit experienced four stages, i.e., early-skarn stage, late-skarn stage, quartz-sulfide stage and carbonation stage. Combining with mineral hand specimens and microscopic observation and the electron microprobe analysis, the authors analyzed the mineralogical characteristics of garnet, pyroxene and wollastonite. The results of electron microprobe analysis show that Mengya’a lead-zinc deposit in Tibet belongs to calcareous skarn deposit; the composition of garnet and pyroxene changed greatly, which respectively were And_59.9-94.72 Gro_0-37.87(Pyr+Spe+Alm)_0.87-6.78and Di_18.85-94.44 Hd_3.39-70.58 Jo_0.09-11.14; the mineral composition of wollastonite is Wo_99.00-99.44Fs_0.37-0.78En_0.07-0.23. The garnets are mainly andradite-grossuthe, and the garnets always develop zoning structure. The pyroxene is diopside-hedenbergite series, and the wollastonite is pure. The skarn of Mengya’a deposit in Tibet is calcareous skarn. Its ore deposit experienced multi-stage and multi-order evolution of hydrothermal fluid during its formation, and the forming environment of the deposit also is not a stable close system. The mineral composition characteristics of skarn indicate that the metallogenic environment of Mengya’a Pb-Zn deposit was a low acid and oxidation-weak oxidation environment.

Key words: metallogenic environment, mineral characteristics of skarn, Mengya’a Pb-Zn deposit, Tibet

CLC Number:

WU Qiumin, CHEN Cuihua, TU Zonglin, ZHANG Yan, SONG Zhijiao, LAI Xiang. Characteristics and Significance of Skarn Minerals of Mengya’a Pb-Zn Deposit in Tibet[J]. Geoscience, 2018, 32(05): 874-886.

Figures/Tables 12

References 38

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类型	点号	SiO₂		TiO₂		Al₂O₃			Cr₂O₃		TFeO			MnO		MgO			CaO		总量
第1类	ZK131-9-1-1	33.45		0.02		0			0		33.49			0.31		0.17			32.76		100.20
	ZK131-9-1-2	34.15		0.24		0.55			0		31.88			0.37		0.32			32.82		100.40
	ZK131-9-1-3	33.61		0.36		0.78			0		31.61			0.33		0.34			33.35		100.40
	ZK131-9-1-4	33.99		0.58		0.28			0		32.59			0.36		0.51			32.87		101.20
	ZK131-9-1-5	32.20		0.11		0.64			0		31.90			0.40		0.42			32.92		98.60
	ZK131-9-1-6	34.00		0.02		0			0.02		33.06			0.35		0.18			33.09		100.70
	ZK131-9-1-7	34.53		0.42		1.58			0		30.82			0.34		0.34			33.33		101.40
	ZK131-9-1-8	33.97		0.07		1.54			0.02		31.15			0.42		0.28			32.82		100.30
第2类	ZK071-13T-A1	36.32		3.28		4.78			0		20.26			0.46		0.31			34.84		100.25
	ZK071-13T-A4	36.11		0		0.04			0		29.17			0.25		0.07			33.74		99.38
	ZK071-13T-B4	36.28		0		0			0		29.82			0.23		0.11			33.74		100.18
	ZK071-13T-B5	36.14		0		0.26			0		29.19			0.49		0.17			33.09		99.34
	ZK071-13T-C2	36.24		0		0.08			0.05		29.98			0.79		0.21			32.77		100.12
	ZK071-13T-C4	36.27		0		0.10			0		30.00			0.35		0.10			33.19		100.01
	ZK071-13T-C5	36.93		0		2.75			0.06		26.42			0.51		0.16			33.07		99.90
	ZK071-15T-A5	35.96		0		0			0.04		28.69			0.58		0.38			33.73		99.38
类型	点号	Si	Ti		Al		Fe³⁺	Mn		Mg		Ca	Ura		And		Pyr	Spe		Gro		Alm
第1类	ZK131-9-1-1	2.87	0		0		2.01	0.02		0.02		3.02	0		93.07		0.68	0.69		0.14		5.41
	ZK131-9-1-2	2.90	0.02		0.05		1.96	0.03		0.04		2.99	0		93.80		1.30	0.84		1.38		2.68
	ZK131-9-1-3	2.86	0.02		0.08		1.98	0.02		0.04		3.04	0		94.51		1.36	0.75		1.99		1.38
	ZK131-9-1-4	2.87	0.04		0.03		1.97	0.03		0.06		2.98	0		93.02		2.04	0.81		0.61		3.53
	ZK131-9-1-5	2.81	0.01		0.07		2.01	0.03		0.05		3.08	0		92.60		1.66	0.92		1.81		3.01
	ZK131-9-1-6	2.90	0		0		2.01	0.03		0.02		3.02	0.06		94.72		0.71	0.80		0		3.71
	ZK131-9-1-7	2.89	0.03		0.16		1.89	0.02		0.04		2.99	0		91.07		1.37	0.77		4.96		1.84
	ZK131-9-1-8	2.88	0		0.15		1.91	0.03		0.04		2.98	0.06		91.80		1.12	0.95		3.46		2.60
第2类	ZK071-13T-A1	2.96	0.20		0.46		1.24	0.03		0.04		3.05	0		59.90		1.21	1.02		37.87		0
	ZK071-13T-A4	3.06	0		0		1.86	0.02		0.01		3.06	0		90.29		0.29	0.58		8.84		0
	ZK071-13T-B4	3.05	0		0		1.89	0.02		0.01		3.04	0		92.20		0.45	0.53		6.82		0
	ZK071-13T-B5	3.06	0		0.03		1.86	0.04		0.02		3.00	0		91.21		0.70	1.15		6.94		0
	ZK071-13T-C2	3.05	0		0.01		1.90	0.06		0.03		2.95	0.16		93.76		0.87	1.85		3.36		0
	ZK071-13T-C4	3.05	0		0.01		1.90	0.03		0.01		2.99	0		94.05		0.41	0.82		4.72		0
	ZK071-13T-C5	3.06	0		0.27		1.65	0.04		0.02		2.94	0.20		82.60		0.66	1.20		15.34		0
	ZK071-15T-A5	3.05	0		0		1.83	0.04		0.05		3.06	0.13		87.06		1.52	1.32		9.97		0

类型	点号	SiO₂		TiO₂		Al₂O₃			Cr₂O₃		TFeO			MnO		MgO			CaO		总量
第1类	ZK131-9-1-1	33.45		0.02		0			0		33.49			0.31		0.17			32.76		100.20
	ZK131-9-1-2	34.15		0.24		0.55			0		31.88			0.37		0.32			32.82		100.40
	ZK131-9-1-3	33.61		0.36		0.78			0		31.61			0.33		0.34			33.35		100.40
	ZK131-9-1-4	33.99		0.58		0.28			0		32.59			0.36		0.51			32.87		101.20
	ZK131-9-1-5	32.20		0.11		0.64			0		31.90			0.40		0.42			32.92		98.60
	ZK131-9-1-6	34.00		0.02		0			0.02		33.06			0.35		0.18			33.09		100.70
	ZK131-9-1-7	34.53		0.42		1.58			0		30.82			0.34		0.34			33.33		101.40
	ZK131-9-1-8	33.97		0.07		1.54			0.02		31.15			0.42		0.28			32.82		100.30
第2类	ZK071-13T-A1	36.32		3.28		4.78			0		20.26			0.46		0.31			34.84		100.25
	ZK071-13T-A4	36.11		0		0.04			0		29.17			0.25		0.07			33.74		99.38
	ZK071-13T-B4	36.28		0		0			0		29.82			0.23		0.11			33.74		100.18
	ZK071-13T-B5	36.14		0		0.26			0		29.19			0.49		0.17			33.09		99.34
	ZK071-13T-C2	36.24		0		0.08			0.05		29.98			0.79		0.21			32.77		100.12
	ZK071-13T-C4	36.27		0		0.10			0		30.00			0.35		0.10			33.19		100.01
	ZK071-13T-C5	36.93		0		2.75			0.06		26.42			0.51		0.16			33.07		99.90
	ZK071-15T-A5	35.96		0		0			0.04		28.69			0.58		0.38			33.73		99.38
类型	点号	Si	Ti		Al		Fe³⁺	Mn		Mg		Ca	Ura		And		Pyr	Spe		Gro		Alm
第1类	ZK131-9-1-1	2.87	0		0		2.01	0.02		0.02		3.02	0		93.07		0.68	0.69		0.14		5.41
	ZK131-9-1-2	2.90	0.02		0.05		1.96	0.03		0.04		2.99	0		93.80		1.30	0.84		1.38		2.68
	ZK131-9-1-3	2.86	0.02		0.08		1.98	0.02		0.04		3.04	0		94.51		1.36	0.75		1.99		1.38
	ZK131-9-1-4	2.87	0.04		0.03		1.97	0.03		0.06		2.98	0		93.02		2.04	0.81		0.61		3.53
	ZK131-9-1-5	2.81	0.01		0.07		2.01	0.03		0.05		3.08	0		92.60		1.66	0.92		1.81		3.01
	ZK131-9-1-6	2.90	0		0		2.01	0.03		0.02		3.02	0.06		94.72		0.71	0.80		0		3.71
	ZK131-9-1-7	2.89	0.03		0.16		1.89	0.02		0.04		2.99	0		91.07		1.37	0.77		4.96		1.84
	ZK131-9-1-8	2.88	0		0.15		1.91	0.03		0.04		2.98	0.06		91.80		1.12	0.95		3.46		2.60
第2类	ZK071-13T-A1	2.96	0.20		0.46		1.24	0.03		0.04		3.05	0		59.90		1.21	1.02		37.87		0
	ZK071-13T-A4	3.06	0		0		1.86	0.02		0.01		3.06	0		90.29		0.29	0.58		8.84		0
	ZK071-13T-B4	3.05	0		0		1.89	0.02		0.01		3.04	0		92.20		0.45	0.53		6.82		0
	ZK071-13T-B5	3.06	0		0.03		1.86	0.04		0.02		3.00	0		91.21		0.70	1.15		6.94		0
	ZK071-13T-C2	3.05	0		0.01		1.90	0.06		0.03		2.95	0.16		93.76		0.87	1.85		3.36		0
	ZK071-13T-C4	3.05	0		0.01		1.90	0.03		0.01		2.99	0		94.05		0.41	0.82		4.72		0
	ZK071-13T-C5	3.06	0		0.27		1.65	0.04		0.02		2.94	0.20		82.60		0.66	1.20		15.34		0
	ZK071-15T-A5	3.05	0		0		1.83	0.04		0.05		3.06	0.13		87.06		1.52	1.32		9.97		0

点号	SiO₂		TiO₂		Al₂O₃			Cr₂O₃		TFeO			MnO		MgO		CaO			Na₂O		K₂O			NiO		总量
ZK071-4-1-1	51.19		0.07		0.29			0.02		9.31			0.03		12.82		25.24			0.13		0.01			0		99.09
ZK071-4-3-1	48.98		0.03		1.82			0.02		14.81			0.03		10.34		24.17			0.10		0.01			0		100.33
ZK131-8-1	53.02		0.01		0.06			0.01		0.68			0.55		17.17		26.27			0.02		0.01			0		97.80
ZK131-8-2	53.26		0		0.01			0		1.77			0.61		16.39		25.93			0		0			0		97.97
ZK131-8-3	53.14		0		0			0		1.05			0.71		16.35		26.09			0.01		0.01			0.044		97.41
ZK131-8-4	52.75		0		0.01			0		1.31			0.58		18.06		21.92			0.01		0.01			0.006		94.65
ZK131-8-5	53.23		0.02		0.05			0		1.65			0.47		16.29		25.78			0.01		0			0.003		97.52
ZK84-3-1-1	47.71		0.03		0.04			0.03		24.07			3.72		3.59		22.70			0.02		0			0.05		101.95
ZK84-3-1-2	45.77		0.01		0.16			0		22.36			3.52		3.91		21.65			0.05		0.01			0		97.44
ZK84-3-2-1	47.13		0.02		0.05			0		23.78			3.45		3.50		22.86			0.02		0			0		100.81
点号	Si	Al(Ⅳ)		Al(Ⅵ)		Ti	Cr		Fe³⁺		Fe²⁺	Mn		Mg		Ca		Na	K		Jo		Di	Hd		Mn/Fe		Mg/Fe
ZK071-4-1-1	1.95	0		0		0	0		0.12		0.17	0		0.73		1.03		0.01	0		0.09		71.20	28.71		0.003		2.48
ZK071-4-3-1	1.89	0		0		0	0		0.20		0.28	0		0.60		1.00		0.01	0		0.10		55.80	44.10		0.002		1.27
ZK131-8-1	1.98	0		0		0	0		0.07		0	0.02		0.95		1.05		0	0		1.68		91.71	6.61		0.25		13.87
ZK131-8-2	1.99	0		0		0	0		0.04		0.02	0.02		0.91		1.04		0	0		1.94		92.47	5.59		0.35		16.54
ZK131-8-3	1.99	0		0		0	0		0.03		0.01	0.02		0.91		1.05		0	0		2.32		94.29	3.39		0.68		27.78
ZK131-8-4	2.01	0		0		0	0		0		0.04	0.02		1.03		0.89		0	0		1.71		94.44	3.85		0.44		24.56
ZK131-8-5	1.99	0		0		0	0		0.02		0.03	0.01		0.91		1.03		0	0		1.53		93.18	5.29		0.29		17.60
ZK84-3-1-1	1.93	0		0		0	0		0.21		0.59	0.13		0.22		0.98		0	0		11.14		18.92	69.93		0.16		0.27
ZK84-3-1-2	1.93	0		0		0	0		0.21		0.56	0.13		0.25		0.98		0	0		10.98		21.44	67.57		0.16		0.32
ZK84-3-2-1	1.92	0		0		0	0		0.22		0.58	0.12		0.21		1.00		0	0		10.57		18.85	70.58		0.15		0.27

点号	SiO₂		TiO₂		Al₂O₃			Cr₂O₃		TFeO			MnO		MgO		CaO			Na₂O		K₂O			NiO		总量
ZK071-4-1-1	51.19		0.07		0.29			0.02		9.31			0.03		12.82		25.24			0.13		0.01			0		99.09
ZK071-4-3-1	48.98		0.03		1.82			0.02		14.81			0.03		10.34		24.17			0.10		0.01			0		100.33
ZK131-8-1	53.02		0.01		0.06			0.01		0.68			0.55		17.17		26.27			0.02		0.01			0		97.80
ZK131-8-2	53.26		0		0.01			0		1.77			0.61		16.39		25.93			0		0			0		97.97
ZK131-8-3	53.14		0		0			0		1.05			0.71		16.35		26.09			0.01		0.01			0.044		97.41
ZK131-8-4	52.75		0		0.01			0		1.31			0.58		18.06		21.92			0.01		0.01			0.006		94.65
ZK131-8-5	53.23		0.02		0.05			0		1.65			0.47		16.29		25.78			0.01		0			0.003		97.52
ZK84-3-1-1	47.71		0.03		0.04			0.03		24.07			3.72		3.59		22.70			0.02		0			0.05		101.95
ZK84-3-1-2	45.77		0.01		0.16			0		22.36			3.52		3.91		21.65			0.05		0.01			0		97.44
ZK84-3-2-1	47.13		0.02		0.05			0		23.78			3.45		3.50		22.86			0.02		0			0		100.81
点号	Si	Al(Ⅳ)		Al(Ⅵ)		Ti	Cr		Fe³⁺		Fe²⁺	Mn		Mg		Ca		Na	K		Jo		Di	Hd		Mn/Fe		Mg/Fe
ZK071-4-1-1	1.95	0		0		0	0		0.12		0.17	0		0.73		1.03		0.01	0		0.09		71.20	28.71		0.003		2.48
ZK071-4-3-1	1.89	0		0		0	0		0.20		0.28	0		0.60		1.00		0.01	0		0.10		55.80	44.10		0.002		1.27
ZK131-8-1	1.98	0		0		0	0		0.07		0	0.02		0.95		1.05		0	0		1.68		91.71	6.61		0.25		13.87
ZK131-8-2	1.99	0		0		0	0		0.04		0.02	0.02		0.91		1.04		0	0		1.94		92.47	5.59		0.35		16.54
ZK131-8-3	1.99	0		0		0	0		0.03		0.01	0.02		0.91		1.05		0	0		2.32		94.29	3.39		0.68		27.78
ZK131-8-4	2.01	0		0		0	0		0		0.04	0.02		1.03		0.89		0	0		1.71		94.44	3.85		0.44		24.56
ZK131-8-5	1.99	0		0		0	0		0.02		0.03	0.01		0.91		1.03		0	0		1.53		93.18	5.29		0.29		17.60
ZK84-3-1-1	1.93	0		0		0	0		0.21		0.59	0.13		0.22		0.98		0	0		11.14		18.92	69.93		0.16		0.27
ZK84-3-1-2	1.93	0		0		0	0		0.21		0.56	0.13		0.25		0.98		0	0		10.98		21.44	67.57		0.16		0.32
ZK84-3-2-1	1.92	0		0		0	0		0.22		0.58	0.12		0.21		1.00		0	0		10.57		18.85	70.58		0.15		0.27

点号	SiO₂		TiO₂			Al₂O₃		Cr₂O₃			TFeO		MnO		MgO			CaO		Na₂O			K₂O		总量
ZK002-3-1	47.83		0			0		0			0.17		0.21		0.02			46.20		0.02			0.01		94.46
ZK002-3-2	48.16		0			0.02		0.04			0.15		0.08		0.06			47.98		0.01			0		96.56
ZK002-3-3	49.77		0			0		0.01			0.17		0.31		0.06			47.64		0.02			0.02		97.99
ZK002-3-4	48.73		0.03			0		0			0.01		0.26		0.03			47.60		0.01			0.02		96.69
ZK002-3-5	49.14		0.01			0		0			0.10		0.24		0.03			47.43		0			0.01		97.00
ZK002-3-6	48.57		0			0		0			0.21		0.13		0.08			47.53		0.03			0		96.61
点号	Si	Al(Ⅳ)		Al(Ⅵ)	Ti		Cr		Fe³⁺	Fe²⁺		Mn		Mg		Ca	Na		K		Wo	En		Fs		Ac
ZK002-3-1	1.97	0		0	0		0		0.09	0		0.01		0		2.04	0		0		99.22	0.07		0.64		0.07
ZK002-3-2	1.95	0		0	0		0		0.14	0		0		0		2.08	0		0		99.44	0.17		0.37		0.03
ZK002-3-3	1.98	0		0	0		0		0.07	0		0.01		0		2.03	0		0		99.00	0.16		0.78		0.06
ZK002-3-4	1.96	0		0	0		0		0.10	0		0.01		0		2.06	0		0		99.43	0.08		0.44		0.05
ZK002-3-5	1.97	0		0	0		0		0.08	0		0.01		0		2.04	0		0		99.35	0.10		0.56		0
ZK002-3-6	1.96	0		0	0		0		0.11	0		0		0		2.06	0		0		99.10	0.23		0.55		0.11