Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Daigu Landform in Yimengshan UNESCO Global Geopark

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2023.085

Abstract

Abstract:

The Yimengshan UNESCO Global Geopark (UGGp) is the origin of the “Daigu Landform”. Through field investigation of the characteristics of Gu landform, based on the measurement of river valley stratigraphy and profiles, and using the OSL dating of the river terrace to calculate the cutting rate, the formation time of Daigu Landform has been determined. The results show that the geomorphological features of the Daigu Landform are related to the strata lithology of the Gu body. Daigu Landform is a type of mesa structure, with a flat top, steep margin and gentle slope. Gu body is mainly composed of two strata with different lithologies: The top comprises Cambrian limestone with strong weathering resistance but develops many joints, while the Gu body with weak erosion resistance is dominated by mudstone and siltstone. We estimated that the formation time is about 1.77 Ma by using the erosion rate, based on the dating results of the river terrace. The Daigu Landform formation and evolution can be divided into four main stages: (1) the material was formed in the Early Cambrian; (2) tectonic uplift, and the strata gradually exhumed and the shaping stage began; (3) long-term weathering and denudation of various external forces, such as surface water that gradually created the mature Daigu Landform; (4) the landform ended its development when the upper limestone collapsed. The systematic study of the Daigu Landform has great importance in understanding the Daigu Landform and its scientific value, which also contributes to the spreading of geoscience knowledge of UGGps.

Key words: Daigu Landform, characteristic, river terrace, Yimengshan UNESCO Global Geopark

CLC Number:

P931.2

CAI Yinlu, WU Fadong, HAN Jinfang, HUANG Zhen, ZHOU Ying, LIU Baoyin, CHEN Yangyang. Characteristics, Genesis and Evolution of Daigu Landform in Yimengshan UNESCO Global Geopark[J]. Geoscience, 2023, 37(04): 1065-1074.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig.1 Location of Yimengshan UNESCO Global Geopark and the study area

Fig.2 Geologic map of Daigu area

Fig.3 Shape and stratigraphic composition of Gu body

Fig.4 Field photo of typical Daigu Landform

Fig.5 Field photo of weathered mudstone under thick limestone of Gu body

Fig.6 Types of Daigu Landform

Fig.7 Cambrian stratigraphy at Wolonggu, Daigu area

Fig.8 Measured stratigraphic section at Wolonggu

Fig.9 Cross-section of Zi River in Wuligou Village, Daigu Town

Table 1 Age of river terraces and erosion rate, Daigu Town

阶地	拔河(m)	时间段(ka B.P.)	V_五里沟(mm/a)
T3	20	(120.87±6.53)	0.1234
T2	13	(56.05±3.40)~(11.88±0.67)	0.1811
T1	5	(11.88±0.67)—现今	0.3367
计算结果		(120.87±6.53)—现今	0.1655

Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the Daigu Landform evolution

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