Geological Conditions and Resource Potential of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs in Laochang Mining Area, Yunnan Province

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2022.056

Abstract

Abstract:

The Laochang mining area in Yunnan is rich in coalbed methane resource, and is a hot spot for coalbed methane resource exploration and development in China in recent years. Here, the basic reservoir parameter characteristics, such as coal seam thickness, reservoir physical properties and gas content are analyzed, and the potential of regional coalbed methane resources is discussed. Our results show that the coal seams in Laochang mining area are thick and multi-layered, the coal seam roof and floor are mainly mudstone and siltstone, respectively, and the configuration of source-reservoir-cap is good. The target coal seam has relatively high porosity and well-developed fractures, which can provide favorable conditions for the enrichment and output of coalbed methane. The main coal seam pressure belongs to the normal pressure reservoir as a whole, and the desorption rate of coal seam is high. Meanwhile, most of the coal reservoirs are under-saturated, and it took long time to drain and depressurize during their development. The coalbed methane resource with buried depth below 1,000 m in the Yuwang block are 27.093 billion m³, and the resource abundance is 320 million m³/km². In general, the local coalbed methane exploration and development conditions are good, and there is great resource potential for exploration and development.

Key words: Laochang mining area, coalbed methane, permeability, gas content, resource potential

CLC Number:

LI Jinlong, LI Qian, CAI Yidong, CHEN Wei, CHEN Zhizhu, WANG Jian, XUE Xiaohui. Geological Conditions and Resource Potential of Coalbed Methane Reservoirs in Laochang Mining Area, Yunnan Province[J]. Geoscience, 2022, 36(05): 1351-1359.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1 Structural outline map of Laochang block

Fig.2 Stratigraphy for coalbeds in the Laochang Block[13]

Table 1 Statistics of main coal quality indexes of minable coal seam in Laochang block

煤层编号	煤岩	工业分析成分/%				发热量 / (MJ/kg)		全水分 (Mar) /%	全硫 (St,d) /%	真密度TRD /(t/m³)	视密度ARD /(t/m³)
煤层编号	煤岩	水分 (Mad)	灰分 (Ad)	挥发分 (Vdaf)	固定碳 (FC,d)	Qgr,ad	Qnet,ar	全水分 (Mar) /%	全硫 (St,d) /%	真密度TRD /(t/m³)	视密度ARD /(t/m³)
C₂	原煤	$0.20 ~ 2.44 1.02$	$10.14 ~ 48.39 23.05$	$6.82 ~ 19.59 10.61$	$39.27 ~ 82.25 67.52$	$15.70 ~ 36.63 28.92$	$14.51 ~ 29.45 25.67$	$1.30 ~ 14.20 3.99$	$0.05 ~ 7.21 1.97$	$1.53 ~ 1.83 1.63$	$1.41 ~ 1.73 1.56$
C₃	原煤	$0.24 ~ 2.97 1.05$	$10.00 ~ 51.21 20.02$	$6.40 ~ 19.05 9.40$	$41.60 ~ 82.99 71.52$	$15.38 ~ 36.85 30.50$	$14.76 ~ 30.40 27.43$	$1.41 ~ 19.00 4.13$	$0.25 ~ 6.51 1.26$	$1.48 ~ 1.68 1.60$	$1.40 ~ 1.64 1.51$
C₄	原煤	$0.28 ~ 2.72 1.11$	$9.90 ~ 39.64 20.92$	$5.91 ~ 15.16 9.85$	$50.92 ~ 80.60 70.53$	$19.92 ~ 36.41 29.70$	$17.74 ~ 30.35 26.85$	$1.50 ~ 15.40 4.82$	$0.35 ~ 5.59 1.71$	$1.52 ~ 1.82 1.65$	$1.43 ~ 1.80 1.54$
C₇₊₈	原煤	$0.22 ~ 3.74 1.00$	$9.77 ~ 45.16 19.98$	$5.82 ~ 12.44 8.65$	$55.15 ~ 82.67 72.47$	$16.94 ~ 36.64 30.24$	$16.27 ~ 31.50 27.11$	$1.29 ~ 15.90 6.43$	$0.36 ~ 6.41 2.23$	$1.52 ~ 1.74 1.64$	$1.40 ~ 1.86 1.53$
C₉	原煤	$0.26 ~ 3.11 1.26$	$9.87 ~ 47.33 20.85$	$5.24 ~ 14.75 8.82$	$44.13 ~ 88.83 71.78$	$17.34 ~ 36.71 29.22$	$13.22 ~ 30.31 26.19$	$0.93 ~ 26.80 6.69$	$0.28 ~ 7.40 1.37$	$1.46 ~ 1.90 1.63$	$1.38 ~ 1.76 1.52$
C₁₃	原煤	$0.25 ~ 3.32 1.20$	$9.41 ~ 49.68 20.98$	$5.65 ~ 13.11 8.19$	$40.65 ~ 83.59 71.67$	$15.96 ~ 36.77 30.28$	$13.55 ~ 31.34 27.16$	$0.85 ~ 12.00 4.89$	$0.25 ~ 6.46 2.04$	$1.52 ~ 1.97 1.73$	$1.41 ~ < 2.00 < 1.60$
C₁₄	原煤	$0.23 ~ 3.69 1.16$	$9.73 ~ 52.94 23.57$	$5.44 ~ 17.25 8.64$	$39.91 ~ 85.86 69.16$	$15.07 ~ 37.05 30.38$	$13.42 ~ 31.18 27.00$	$1.20 ~ 17.80 5.02$	$0.35 ~ 6.80 1.64$	$1.51 ~ 2.55 1.81$	$1.41 ~ 2.37 1.68$
C₁₅	原煤	$0.32 ~ 3.67 1.16$	$11.99 ~ 51.19 22.77$	$5.96 ~ 11.34 7.84$	$38.50 ~ 82.77 70.30$	$14.85 ~ 35.51 27.79$	$14.14 ~ 28.95 25.64$	$1.53 ~ 13.90 5.41$	$0.27 ~ 4.00 1.45$	$1.47 ~ 1.79 1.65$	$1.42 ~ 1.70 1.57$
C₁₆	原煤	$0.28 ~ 4.12 1.22$	$11.23 ~ 45.41 21.59$	$4.75 ~ 12.90 8.14$	$48.43 ~ 83.00 71.30$	$18.38 ~ 36.66 30.23$	$17.02 ~ 30.60 26.73$	$0.85 ~ 18.10 5.89$	$0.31 ~ 5.19 1.28$	$1.48 ~ 1.82 1.64$	$1.38 ~ 1.74 1.55$
C₁₇	原煤	$0.35 ~ 3.28 1.25$	$11.58 ~ 56.49 26.37$	$6.10 ~ 13.95 8.31$	$36.01 ~ 78.90 67.23$	$12.28 ~ 32.37 25.01$	$11.66 ~ 26.83 22.83$	$1.45 ~ 12.64 4.69$	$0.39 ~ 12.78 4.49$	$1.77 ~ 1.97 1.81$	$1.41 ~ 1.86 1.65$
C₁₈	原煤	$0.29 ~ 3.78 1.34$	$9.07 ~ 41.70 23.38$	$4.55 ~ 23.40 8.73$	$22.49 ~ 85.15 68.63$	$8.50 ~ 36.19 28.87$	$7.49 ~ 29.78 24.14$	$1.44 ~ 21.20 7.81$	$0.41 ~ 9.46 3.62$	$1.52 ~ 1.82 1.72$	$1.43 ~ 1.80 1.61$
C₁₈₊₁	原煤	$0.34 ~ 1.48 0.73$	$10.41 ~ 54.47 23.13$	$5.81 ~ 14.14 7.79$	$38.73 ~ 84.39 72.37$	$14.53 ~ 35.68 27.48$	$11.67 ~ 29.95 25.39$	$1.45 ~ 15.50 4.35$	$0.91 ~ 3.38 1.88$	$1.56 ~ 1.59 1.58$	$1.44 ~ 1.66 1.50$
C₁₉	原煤	$0.25 ~ 3.23 1.21$	$8.13 ~ 57.22 28.94$	$5.65 ~ 18.24 10.52$	$34.87 ~ 88.10 63.39$	$14.48 ~ 36.75 29.61$	$11.44 ~ 31.30 26.48$	$1.39 ~ 14.50 6.06$	$0.41 ~ 8.84 4.46$	$1.55 ~ 2.09 1.74$	$1.37 ~ 2.20 1.71$
合计	原煤	$0.20 ~ 4.12 1.12$	$8.13 ~ 57.22 22.53$	$4.55 ~ 23.40 8.87$	$34.87 ~ 88.83 69.99$	$8.50 ~ 37.05 29.35$	$7.49 ~ 31.64 25.98$	$0.85 ~ 26.80 5.61$	$0.05 ~ 12.78 2.20$	$1.46 ~ 2.55 1.68$	$1.37 ~ 2.37 1.57$

Table 1 Statistics of main coal quality indexes of minable coal seam in Laochang block

煤层编号	煤岩	工业分析成分/%				发热量 / (MJ/kg)		全水分 (Mar) /%	全硫 (St,d) /%	真密度TRD /(t/m³)	视密度ARD /(t/m³)
煤层编号	煤岩	水分 (Mad)	灰分 (Ad)	挥发分 (Vdaf)	固定碳 (FC,d)	Qgr,ad	Qnet,ar	全水分 (Mar) /%	全硫 (St,d) /%	真密度TRD /(t/m³)	视密度ARD /(t/m³)
C₂	原煤	$0.20 ~ 2.44 1.02$	$10.14 ~ 48.39 23.05$	$6.82 ~ 19.59 10.61$	$39.27 ~ 82.25 67.52$	$15.70 ~ 36.63 28.92$	$14.51 ~ 29.45 25.67$	$1.30 ~ 14.20 3.99$	$0.05 ~ 7.21 1.97$	$1.53 ~ 1.83 1.63$	$1.41 ~ 1.73 1.56$
C₃	原煤	$0.24 ~ 2.97 1.05$	$10.00 ~ 51.21 20.02$	$6.40 ~ 19.05 9.40$	$41.60 ~ 82.99 71.52$	$15.38 ~ 36.85 30.50$	$14.76 ~ 30.40 27.43$	$1.41 ~ 19.00 4.13$	$0.25 ~ 6.51 1.26$	$1.48 ~ 1.68 1.60$	$1.40 ~ 1.64 1.51$
C₄	原煤	$0.28 ~ 2.72 1.11$	$9.90 ~ 39.64 20.92$	$5.91 ~ 15.16 9.85$	$50.92 ~ 80.60 70.53$	$19.92 ~ 36.41 29.70$	$17.74 ~ 30.35 26.85$	$1.50 ~ 15.40 4.82$	$0.35 ~ 5.59 1.71$	$1.52 ~ 1.82 1.65$	$1.43 ~ 1.80 1.54$
C₇₊₈	原煤	$0.22 ~ 3.74 1.00$	$9.77 ~ 45.16 19.98$	$5.82 ~ 12.44 8.65$	$55.15 ~ 82.67 72.47$	$16.94 ~ 36.64 30.24$	$16.27 ~ 31.50 27.11$	$1.29 ~ 15.90 6.43$	$0.36 ~ 6.41 2.23$	$1.52 ~ 1.74 1.64$	$1.40 ~ 1.86 1.53$
C₉	原煤	$0.26 ~ 3.11 1.26$	$9.87 ~ 47.33 20.85$	$5.24 ~ 14.75 8.82$	$44.13 ~ 88.83 71.78$	$17.34 ~ 36.71 29.22$	$13.22 ~ 30.31 26.19$	$0.93 ~ 26.80 6.69$	$0.28 ~ 7.40 1.37$	$1.46 ~ 1.90 1.63$	$1.38 ~ 1.76 1.52$
C₁₃	原煤	$0.25 ~ 3.32 1.20$	$9.41 ~ 49.68 20.98$	$5.65 ~ 13.11 8.19$	$40.65 ~ 83.59 71.67$	$15.96 ~ 36.77 30.28$	$13.55 ~ 31.34 27.16$	$0.85 ~ 12.00 4.89$	$0.25 ~ 6.46 2.04$	$1.52 ~ 1.97 1.73$	$1.41 ~ < 2.00 < 1.60$
C₁₄	原煤	$0.23 ~ 3.69 1.16$	$9.73 ~ 52.94 23.57$	$5.44 ~ 17.25 8.64$	$39.91 ~ 85.86 69.16$	$15.07 ~ 37.05 30.38$	$13.42 ~ 31.18 27.00$	$1.20 ~ 17.80 5.02$	$0.35 ~ 6.80 1.64$	$1.51 ~ 2.55 1.81$	$1.41 ~ 2.37 1.68$
C₁₅	原煤	$0.32 ~ 3.67 1.16$	$11.99 ~ 51.19 22.77$	$5.96 ~ 11.34 7.84$	$38.50 ~ 82.77 70.30$	$14.85 ~ 35.51 27.79$	$14.14 ~ 28.95 25.64$	$1.53 ~ 13.90 5.41$	$0.27 ~ 4.00 1.45$	$1.47 ~ 1.79 1.65$	$1.42 ~ 1.70 1.57$
C₁₆	原煤	$0.28 ~ 4.12 1.22$	$11.23 ~ 45.41 21.59$	$4.75 ~ 12.90 8.14$	$48.43 ~ 83.00 71.30$	$18.38 ~ 36.66 30.23$	$17.02 ~ 30.60 26.73$	$0.85 ~ 18.10 5.89$	$0.31 ~ 5.19 1.28$	$1.48 ~ 1.82 1.64$	$1.38 ~ 1.74 1.55$
C₁₇	原煤	$0.35 ~ 3.28 1.25$	$11.58 ~ 56.49 26.37$	$6.10 ~ 13.95 8.31$	$36.01 ~ 78.90 67.23$	$12.28 ~ 32.37 25.01$	$11.66 ~ 26.83 22.83$	$1.45 ~ 12.64 4.69$	$0.39 ~ 12.78 4.49$	$1.77 ~ 1.97 1.81$	$1.41 ~ 1.86 1.65$
C₁₈	原煤	$0.29 ~ 3.78 1.34$	$9.07 ~ 41.70 23.38$	$4.55 ~ 23.40 8.73$	$22.49 ~ 85.15 68.63$	$8.50 ~ 36.19 28.87$	$7.49 ~ 29.78 24.14$	$1.44 ~ 21.20 7.81$	$0.41 ~ 9.46 3.62$	$1.52 ~ 1.82 1.72$	$1.43 ~ 1.80 1.61$
C₁₈₊₁	原煤	$0.34 ~ 1.48 0.73$	$10.41 ~ 54.47 23.13$	$5.81 ~ 14.14 7.79$	$38.73 ~ 84.39 72.37$	$14.53 ~ 35.68 27.48$	$11.67 ~ 29.95 25.39$	$1.45 ~ 15.50 4.35$	$0.91 ~ 3.38 1.88$	$1.56 ~ 1.59 1.58$	$1.44 ~ 1.66 1.50$
C₁₉	原煤	$0.25 ~ 3.23 1.21$	$8.13 ~ 57.22 28.94$	$5.65 ~ 18.24 10.52$	$34.87 ~ 88.10 63.39$	$14.48 ~ 36.75 29.61$	$11.44 ~ 31.30 26.48$	$1.39 ~ 14.50 6.06$	$0.41 ~ 8.84 4.46$	$1.55 ~ 2.09 1.74$	$1.37 ~ 2.20 1.71$
合计	原煤	$0.20 ~ 4.12 1.12$	$8.13 ~ 57.22 22.53$	$4.55 ~ 23.40 8.87$	$34.87 ~ 88.83 69.99$	$8.50 ~ 37.05 29.35$	$7.49 ~ 31.64 25.98$	$0.85 ~ 26.80 5.61$	$0.05 ~ 12.78 2.20$	$1.46 ~ 2.55 1.68$	$1.37 ~ 2.37 1.57$

Table 2 Statistics of micro-fracture development characteristics of each coal seam in Laochang block

煤层编号	采样深度/m	煤岩类型	主裂隙								次裂隙						连通性	裂隙发育程度
煤层编号	采样深度/m	煤岩类型	长度/cm	高度/cm		宽度 /μm		密度/ (条/cm)			长度/cm	高度/cm	宽度 /μm		密度/ (条/cm)		连通性	裂隙发育程度
C₇₊₈	721.80~722.10	半亮	0.002~0.800		0.006~2.000		5~48		6.8	0.002~0.600		0.005~0.100		5~18		7.6	中	发育
C₉	745.70~746.00	半亮	0.020~0.200		0.001~0.500		8~28		3.0	0.002~0.028		0.001~0.260		5~18		2.2	中	发育
C₁₃	665.80~666.00	半亮	0.025~3.500		0.002~3.500		5~36		5.4	0.020~0.080		0.002~0.280		5~56		7.8	好	发育
C₁₄	777.50~777.80	半亮	0.020~1.500		0.002~1.200		5~34		0.2	0.020~0.070		0.002~0.240		5~48		1.8	差	不发育
C₁₉	830.80~831.20	半亮-半暗	0.020~0.200		0.001~0.200		6~16		2.0	0.002~0.040		0.001~0.200		5~10		3.8	中	发育

Fig.3 Porosity distribution map of each coal seam in Laochang block

Table 3 Statistics of coalbed methane well test parameters in Laochang block

井号	煤层编号	煤层中点埋深/m		渗透率 /mD		储层压力/MPa		破裂压力/MPa		闭合压力/MPa		储层温度/℃	井区
F1- LC1	C₇	886.28	0.036 0		7.30		16.10		16.02		20.55		道班房区块
F1- LC1	C₁₃	996.43	0.016 0		11.27		22.31		21.44		22.29		道班房区块
F1- LC2	C₇₊₈	680.95	0.005 6		5.72		19.00		18.54		27.74		雨汪区块
	C₉	701.55	0.005 8		6.31		20.06		19.70		28.95
	C₁₃	727.30	0.023 0		6.13		20.12		19.59		30.02
	C₁₉	787.95	0.025 0		5.87		18.86		18.42		32.70
L1	C₁₄	776.85	0.200 0		7.33		13.51		13.13		31.40
L1	C₁₉	830.05	0.080 0		8.07		16.10		15.70		33.90
L2	C₇₊₈	616.05	0.136 0		6.09		13.86		13.39		28.40
L2	C₉	637.30	0.052 0		6.57		15.55		15.17		29.20
ZK-2	C₁₆	167.77		0.780 0		2.04		4.71				28.40	老蚂蚁煤矿
ZK-3	C₁₆	1 134.64		0.200 0		11.73		24.26		23.34		31.10	大为化工-煤矿

Fig.4 Relationship between reservoir pressure and burial depth of target coal seams

Fig.5 Curves of coal seam VL with depth in Laochang block

Fig.6 Relationship between gas saturation and reservoir pressure, measured gas content and burial depth

Fig.7 Relationship between reservoir gas saturation and reservoir pressure

Table 4 Statistics of coalbed methane geological resources in Laochang block

评价单元	含煤面积 /km²	煤层气地质资源量 /亿m³	资源丰度/ (亿m³/km²)	<1 000 m			1 000~1 500 m			1 500~2 000 m
评价单元	含煤面积 /km²	煤层气地质资源量 /亿m³	资源丰度/ (亿m³/km²)	资源量 /亿m³	资源丰度/ (亿m³/km²)	比例 /%	资源量 /亿m³	资源丰度/ (亿m³/km²)	比例 /%	资源量 /亿m³	资源丰度/ (亿m³/km²)	比例 /%
雨汪区块	84.67	270.93	3.20	270.93	3.20	100.00	/	/	/	/	/	/
道班房区块德黑向斜	169.30	702.25	4.15	107.39	2.55	15.29	224.20	4.32	31.93	370.65	4.92	52.78
道班房区块箐口向斜	5.96	25.30	4.25	0.85	2.25	3.37	11.40	4.02	45.06	13.05	4.82	51.57
道班房区块南部	75.33	396.62	5.27	43.65	3.45	11.00	107.75	4.52	27.17	245.22	6.32	61.83
合计	335.25	1 395.10	4.16	422.82	3.02	30.31	343.36	4.37	24.61	628.91	5.38	45.08

Table 5 Statistics of coalbed methane geological resources of main coal seams in Laochang block

评价单元	地质资源量 /亿m³			地质资源丰度 /(亿m³/km²)
评价单元	C₁₃	C₁₉	小计	C₁₃	C₁₉	小计
雨汪区块	31.33	16.09	47.42	0.37	0.19	0.56
道班房区块德黑向斜	98.19	84.65	182.84	0.58	0.50	1.08
道班房区块箐口向斜	3.05	3.05	6.09	0.65	0.55	1.20
道班房区块南部	42.18	32.39	74.58	0.56	0.43	0.99
合计	174.75	136.18	310.93	0.53	0.44	0.97

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