Trace Element Characteristics of Quartz from the Zaozigou and Jiagantan Gold Deposits in the Xiahe-Hezuo District, West Qinling

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.124

Abstract

Abstract:

There are a large number of Triassic gold deposits in the West Qinling orogenic belt. The gold resources of Zaozigou and Jiagantan gold deposits are 116 t and 154 t, respectively, which are ascribed to superlarge scale. Zaozigou and Jiagantan gold deposits are located in the south of Xiahe-Hezuo regional thrust nappe fault. The ore-bearing stratum of Zaozigou is the Triassic Gulangdi Formation, and the ore-bearing rocks are argillaceous slate, banded siliceous slate and silty slate. The exposed stratum of Jiagantan ore deposit is the Triassic Longwuhe Formation. The gold orebody occurs in the lithologic section of feldspathic quartz metasandstone mixed with silty slate. The Jiagantan gold deposit is ascribed to a medium low-temperature tectonic altered rock type gold deposit, and its research level is relatively low. However, the Zaozigou gold deposit is highly studied, but there are still different views about its genesis. Trace element geochemical characteristics of quartz can reveal the ore-fluid source and evolution of ore-forming fluid, and those from quartz at Zaozigou and Jiagantan were analyzed here to reveal the ore-fluid source and conditions. We also discussed the implication of quartz trace elements on the gold ore formation, which provides important insights for the gold genesis in the West Qinling orogenic belt. Quartz in different types of ores from Zaozigou and Jiagantan has similar chondrite-normalized REE patterns, which generally show the LREE enrichment and HREE depletion, and large LREE/HREE fractionation, but weak internal HREE fractionation. Rubidium is negatively correlated with Li, and positively correlated with Cs in the quartz from Zaozigou; However, the correlation of Rb versus Li and Cs contents in quartz from Jiagantan is not obvious. This shows that the Li content in quartz decreases with the fluid content increasing, while the Cs content increases with the fluid content at Zaozigou. The Rb and Sr contents of quartz at Zaozigou and Jiagantan indicate that the quartz should be hydrothermal. Most samples have negative Eu anomalies and weak positive Ce anomalies, indicating that both gold deposits were formed in a reduced environment with low metallogenic temperature. The (La/Yb)_N ratio is relatively high, indicating that the metallogenic depth is relatively shallow. The quartz Y/Ho ratios at Zaozigou and Jiagantan are 25.14-30.14 and 23.40-28.94 respectively, suggesting that the ore-forming fluid should be closely crustal-related. Most quartz samples from Zaozigou and Jiagantan have Th/La and Nb/La values below 1, and shows obvious negative Sc anomalies and positive Cr, W, Pb, and U anomalies, indicating that the ore-forming fluids at Zaozigou and Jiagantan should be Cl-rich. Continental crust-normalized trace element diagram of the quartz samples from Zaozigou and Jiagantan suggest that the ore-forming fluids are relatively rich in Cr, W, Pb, and U. Combined with the geotectonic background, the Zaozigou and Jiagantan gold deposit were formed in a continental margin setting.

Key words: trace element, quartz, Zaozigou gold deposit, Jiagantan gold deposit, Xiahe-Hezuo district, West Qinling

CLC Number:

P588.18
P595

DI Pengfei, TANG Qingyan, LIU Cong, SONG Hong, ZHANG Jiahe, LIU Dongxiao, WANG Yuxi, PU Wanfeng. Trace Element Characteristics of Quartz from the Zaozigou and Jiagantan Gold Deposits in the Xiahe-Hezuo District, West Qinling[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(06): 1608-1621.

Figures/Tables 9

References 72

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样品号		岩性	矿床	Li	Be	Sc	V	Cr	Co	Ni	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cd	Rb	Sr	Y	Cs	W	Mo	Sb	Bi	Ba	Zr
ZD①		花岗斑岩	早子沟	2.57	0.062	0.042	0.433	4.370	0.103	0.871	1.570	16.60	7.96	0.015	2.830	3.30	0.200	0.320	0.396	1.770	10.5	0.042	11.40	8.3
ZH②		花岗斑岩		3.15	0.119	0.265	1.120	1.250	0.337	1.010	4.450	22.40	3.77	0.017	6.370	13.70	0.908	0.605	0.883	0.393	17.0	0.473	17.10	16.0
ZH③		板岩		26.80	0.195	0.047	0.762	9.860	0.071	0.872	1.090	5.08	20.10	0.049	1.440	8.85	0.262	0.261	0.635	0.300	23.5	0.020	5.97	0.8
ZH④		石英脉		31.90	0.358	0.003	0.196	0.447	0.068	0.654	0.175	2.28	2.16	n.d.	0.893	2.43	0.090	0.337	0.102	0.078	124.0	0.010	5.18	0.7
ZH⑤		石英脉		18.30	0.161	0.017	0.337	6.030	0.089	0.921	0.381	10.40	5.68	0.018	0.973	2.40	0.085	0.208	59.400	0.358	24.8	0.013	3.89	0.4
ZH⑥		碳酸盐脉		14.10	0.176	0.079	1.310	2.220	0.218	7.310	3.310	16.90	4.05	0.009	3.320	5.98	0.176	0.337	1.600	0.069	274.0	0.112	9.04	1.6
JH①		蚀变细粒长英质砂岩	加甘滩	5.05	0.032	0.019	0.310	0.383	0.071	0.371	0.443	4.74	5.69	n.d.	0.801	1.32	0.109	0.129	0.200	0.038	20.90	10.100	5.08	4.8
JH②				3.75	0.021	0.029	0.386	0.378	0.232	0.405	4.360	2.98	5.18	n.d.	0.847	1.64	0.117	0.124	0.226	0.043	28.60	9.810	5.99	1.0
JH③				1.54	0.035	n.d.	0.307	0.459	0.097	0.445	2.470	2.26	10.60	0.007	0.457	9.38	0.040	0.131	0.837	4.290	214.00	2.230	6.49	0.4
JH④				5.72	0.115	0.084	0.404	0.373	0.066	0.352	0.519	0.34	2.68	n.d.	0.654	23.40	0.463	0.129	0.415	0.048	8.06	0.021	3.13	0.2
JH⑤		石英脉		6.54	0.053	0.051	0.476	0.426	0.237	0.747	2.180	7.18	34.40	0.065	0.710	12.60	0.286	0.156	0.206	0.042	13.10	0.033	7.77	0.5
JH⑥		石英脉		4.42	0.050	0.004	0.571	0.487	0.152	1.400	0.835	1.03	5.40	0.005	0.779	5.02	0.101	0.145	0.283	0.199	14.70	0.036	6.23	0.8
样品号		岩性	矿床	Nb	Ga	Tl	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	Hf	Ta	Th	U
ZD①	花岗斑岩		早子沟	0.169	0.391	0.044	0.329	0.670	0.074	0.284	0.054	0.013	0.050	0.007	0.039	0.008	0.020	0.003	0.017	0.003	0.251	0.060	0.163	0.2
ZH②	花岗斑岩			0.430	0.848	0.041	3.970	7.560	0.800	2.860	0.492	0.070	0.440	0.050	0.219	0.035	0.095	0.011	0.067	0.010	0.474	0.105	1.600	0.4
ZH③	板岩			0.119	0.173	0.016	1.100	2.150	0.236	0.835	0.152	0.030	0.120	0.013	0.055	0.010	0.027	0.004	0.023	0.003	0.029	0.020	0.375	0.1
ZH④	石英脉			0.029	0.088	0.015	0.068	0.142	0.017	0.074	0.018	0.003	0.015	0.002	0.014	0.003	0.009	n.d.	0.010	0.002	0.019	0.016	0.027	0.1
ZH⑤	石英脉			0.018	0.079	0.014	0.088	0.173	0.018	0.077	0.018	0.009	0.028	0.003	0.021	0.003	0.011	n.d.	0.007	n.d.	0.013	0.008	0.020	0.1
ZH⑥	碳酸盐脉			0.180	0.513	0.039	0.682	1.230	0.123	0.415	0.054	0.012	0.056	0.005	0.032	0.007	0.022	n.d.	0.022	0.004	0.053	0.027	0.142	0.1
JH①		蚀变细粒长英质砂岩	加甘滩	0.049	0.098	0.011	0.086	0.170	0.019	0.070	0.012	0.003	0.013	0.002	0.019	0.004	0.015	0.002	0.019	0.003	0.140	0.016	0.104	1.8
JH②				0.074	0.102	0.010	0.127	0.265	0.031	0.112	0.023	0.004	0.023	0.003	0.021	0.005	0.015	0.002	0.016	0.003	0.030	0.015	0.044	0.1
JH③				0.035	0.056	0.011	0.158	0.294	0.032	0.111	0.021	0.005	0.017	n.d.	0.008	n.d.	0.005	n.d.	0.006	n.d.	0.014	0.007	0.055	0
JH④				0.023	0.044	0.011	0.033	0.089	0.036	0.101	0.037	0.013	0.074	0.013	0.082	0.016	0.040	0.006	0.032	0.005	0.006	0.014	0.197	0.1
JH⑤		石英脉		0.040	0.076	0.018	0.387	0.811	0.094	0.347	0.062	0.017	0.069	0.010	0.057	0.010	0.030	0.004	0.025	0.004	0.015	0.009	0.157	6.0
JH⑥		石英脉		0.083	0.083	0.014	0.645	1.300	0.148	0.524	0.063	0.009	0.042	0.004	0.018	0.004	0.016	0.003	0.015	0.003	0.023	0.014	0.176	0.4

样品号		岩性	矿床	Li	Be	Sc	V	Cr	Co	Ni	Cu	Pb	Zn	Cd	Rb	Sr	Y	Cs	W	Mo	Sb	Bi	Ba	Zr
ZD①		花岗斑岩	早子沟	2.57	0.062	0.042	0.433	4.370	0.103	0.871	1.570	16.60	7.96	0.015	2.830	3.30	0.200	0.320	0.396	1.770	10.5	0.042	11.40	8.3
ZH②		花岗斑岩		3.15	0.119	0.265	1.120	1.250	0.337	1.010	4.450	22.40	3.77	0.017	6.370	13.70	0.908	0.605	0.883	0.393	17.0	0.473	17.10	16.0
ZH③		板岩		26.80	0.195	0.047	0.762	9.860	0.071	0.872	1.090	5.08	20.10	0.049	1.440	8.85	0.262	0.261	0.635	0.300	23.5	0.020	5.97	0.8
ZH④		石英脉		31.90	0.358	0.003	0.196	0.447	0.068	0.654	0.175	2.28	2.16	n.d.	0.893	2.43	0.090	0.337	0.102	0.078	124.0	0.010	5.18	0.7
ZH⑤		石英脉		18.30	0.161	0.017	0.337	6.030	0.089	0.921	0.381	10.40	5.68	0.018	0.973	2.40	0.085	0.208	59.400	0.358	24.8	0.013	3.89	0.4
ZH⑥		碳酸盐脉		14.10	0.176	0.079	1.310	2.220	0.218	7.310	3.310	16.90	4.05	0.009	3.320	5.98	0.176	0.337	1.600	0.069	274.0	0.112	9.04	1.6
JH①		蚀变细粒长英质砂岩	加甘滩	5.05	0.032	0.019	0.310	0.383	0.071	0.371	0.443	4.74	5.69	n.d.	0.801	1.32	0.109	0.129	0.200	0.038	20.90	10.100	5.08	4.8
JH②				3.75	0.021	0.029	0.386	0.378	0.232	0.405	4.360	2.98	5.18	n.d.	0.847	1.64	0.117	0.124	0.226	0.043	28.60	9.810	5.99	1.0
JH③				1.54	0.035	n.d.	0.307	0.459	0.097	0.445	2.470	2.26	10.60	0.007	0.457	9.38	0.040	0.131	0.837	4.290	214.00	2.230	6.49	0.4
JH④				5.72	0.115	0.084	0.404	0.373	0.066	0.352	0.519	0.34	2.68	n.d.	0.654	23.40	0.463	0.129	0.415	0.048	8.06	0.021	3.13	0.2
JH⑤		石英脉		6.54	0.053	0.051	0.476	0.426	0.237	0.747	2.180	7.18	34.40	0.065	0.710	12.60	0.286	0.156	0.206	0.042	13.10	0.033	7.77	0.5
JH⑥		石英脉		4.42	0.050	0.004	0.571	0.487	0.152	1.400	0.835	1.03	5.40	0.005	0.779	5.02	0.101	0.145	0.283	0.199	14.70	0.036	6.23	0.8
样品号		岩性	矿床	Nb	Ga	Tl	La	Ce	Pr	Nd	Sm	Eu	Gd	Tb	Dy	Ho	Er	Tm	Yb	Lu	Hf	Ta	Th	U
ZD①	花岗斑岩		早子沟	0.169	0.391	0.044	0.329	0.670	0.074	0.284	0.054	0.013	0.050	0.007	0.039	0.008	0.020	0.003	0.017	0.003	0.251	0.060	0.163	0.2
ZH②	花岗斑岩			0.430	0.848	0.041	3.970	7.560	0.800	2.860	0.492	0.070	0.440	0.050	0.219	0.035	0.095	0.011	0.067	0.010	0.474	0.105	1.600	0.4
ZH③	板岩			0.119	0.173	0.016	1.100	2.150	0.236	0.835	0.152	0.030	0.120	0.013	0.055	0.010	0.027	0.004	0.023	0.003	0.029	0.020	0.375	0.1
ZH④	石英脉			0.029	0.088	0.015	0.068	0.142	0.017	0.074	0.018	0.003	0.015	0.002	0.014	0.003	0.009	n.d.	0.010	0.002	0.019	0.016	0.027	0.1
ZH⑤	石英脉			0.018	0.079	0.014	0.088	0.173	0.018	0.077	0.018	0.009	0.028	0.003	0.021	0.003	0.011	n.d.	0.007	n.d.	0.013	0.008	0.020	0.1
ZH⑥	碳酸盐脉			0.180	0.513	0.039	0.682	1.230	0.123	0.415	0.054	0.012	0.056	0.005	0.032	0.007	0.022	n.d.	0.022	0.004	0.053	0.027	0.142	0.1
JH①		蚀变细粒长英质砂岩	加甘滩	0.049	0.098	0.011	0.086	0.170	0.019	0.070	0.012	0.003	0.013	0.002	0.019	0.004	0.015	0.002	0.019	0.003	0.140	0.016	0.104	1.8
JH②				0.074	0.102	0.010	0.127	0.265	0.031	0.112	0.023	0.004	0.023	0.003	0.021	0.005	0.015	0.002	0.016	0.003	0.030	0.015	0.044	0.1
JH③				0.035	0.056	0.011	0.158	0.294	0.032	0.111	0.021	0.005	0.017	n.d.	0.008	n.d.	0.005	n.d.	0.006	n.d.	0.014	0.007	0.055	0
JH④				0.023	0.044	0.011	0.033	0.089	0.036	0.101	0.037	0.013	0.074	0.013	0.082	0.016	0.040	0.006	0.032	0.005	0.006	0.014	0.197	0.1
JH⑤		石英脉		0.040	0.076	0.018	0.387	0.811	0.094	0.347	0.062	0.017	0.069	0.010	0.057	0.010	0.030	0.004	0.025	0.004	0.015	0.009	0.157	6.0
JH⑥		石英脉		0.083	0.083	0.014	0.645	1.300	0.148	0.524	0.063	0.009	0.042	0.004	0.018	0.004	0.016	0.003	0.015	0.003	0.023	0.014	0.176	0.4