Temporal and Spatial Changes of Soil Carbon Pool and Its Influencing Factors in the Sanjiang Plain

doi:10.19657/j.geoscience.1000-8527.2021.02.14

Abstract

Abstract:

Based on the soil geochemical survey data of the Sanjiang Plain in northeast China, the surface soil organic carbon density and carbon reserves were calculated. By comparing the data of Multi-Purpose Regional Geochemical Survey with the second national soil census, this paper analyzed soil pool storage changes and main influencing factors. The results show that in the study area, the surface soil carbon is dominated by organic carbon, and there is significantly difference in the contents of organic carbon density and total carbon density in different soil types. Compared with other soil types in the area, marsh soil and peat soil have high organic carbon density, with an average content of over 8 kg/m². The current distribution area of soil organic carbon density of >8.4 kg/m² is significantly lower than that in 1980s.The current reserve of soil organic carbon in the surface layer (0-20 cm) of the study area is about 348 Tg, and the soil organic carbon has decreased by 293.07 Tg in 30 years, which is 45.7% lower than that in the base period. About 1.46 Tg was loss with the migration of water flow to the outside of the basin. The soil organic carbon density of cultivated land transformed from swampy wetlands was reduced by more than 2.8 kg/m²on average. The authors believe that the main reason for the decrease of soil organic carbon in the study area is the rapid change of land use. The land use changes from wetland to dry farmland led to the largest loss of organic carbon, with a loss of 63.47%.Other types of land use changes resulted in soil organic carbon loss between 40% and 50%.The decrease of soil organic carbon pool caused by temperature rise in the study area over the past 30 years was about 7.4 Tg, accounting for 2.52% of the total loss.

Key words: Sanjiang Plain, soil, organic carbon density, carbon pool, land use change

CLC Number:

X142
P595

LIU Guodong, DAI Huimin, YANG Ze, XU Jiang, ZHANG Yihe, WEI Minghui. Temporal and Spatial Changes of Soil Carbon Pool and Its Influencing Factors in the Sanjiang Plain[J]. Geoscience, 2021, 35(02): 443-454.

Figures/Tables 14

References 40

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土类	面积/ km²	SOCD₁₉₈₀/ (kg?m^-2)	SOCD₂₀₁₀/ (kg?m^-2)	SOCS₁₉₈₀/ Tg		SOCS₂₀₁₀/ Tg		下降比例/%
甸土	23 208	6.32	5.48	146.73		127.17		-13.33
沼泽土	9 892	29.37	8.49	290.48		84.02		-71.08
白浆土	11 132	6.55	5.62	72.89		62.55		-14.18
暗棕壤	5 940	9.58	5.57	56.93		33.07		-41.91
黑土	6428	6.83	4.49	43.92		28.87		-34.27
水稻土	688	5.20	5.13	3.58		3.53		-1.50
新积土	624	4.13	5.48	2.58		3.42		32.74
泥炭土	300	65.08	8.72	19.52		2.62		-86.59
其他	284	5.77	4.62	1.64		1.31		-19.90
湖泊、水库	104	16.49	6.31	1.71		0.66		-61.76
江、河	124	5.26	3.23	0.65		0.40		-38.65
灰褐土	16	5.07	2.33	0.08		0.04		-54.02
江河内沙洲、岛屿	4	6.13	4.16	0.02		0.02		-32.12
合计					640.74		347.67	-45.74

土类	面积/ km²	SOCD₁₉₈₀/ (kg?m^-2)	SOCD₂₀₁₀/ (kg?m^-2)	SOCS₁₉₈₀/ Tg		SOCS₂₀₁₀/ Tg		下降比例/%
甸土	23 208	6.32	5.48	146.73		127.17		-13.33
沼泽土	9 892	29.37	8.49	290.48		84.02		-71.08
白浆土	11 132	6.55	5.62	72.89		62.55		-14.18
暗棕壤	5 940	9.58	5.57	56.93		33.07		-41.91
黑土	6428	6.83	4.49	43.92		28.87		-34.27
水稻土	688	5.20	5.13	3.58		3.53		-1.50
新积土	624	4.13	5.48	2.58		3.42		32.74
泥炭土	300	65.08	8.72	19.52		2.62		-86.59
其他	284	5.77	4.62	1.64		1.31		-19.90
湖泊、水库	104	16.49	6.31	1.71		0.66		-61.76
江、河	124	5.26	3.23	0.65		0.40		-38.65
灰褐土	16	5.07	2.33	0.08		0.04		-54.02
江河内沙洲、岛屿	4	6.13	4.16	0.02		0.02		-32.12
合计					640.74		347.67	-45.74

土地利用	1980年面积/km²	2010年面积/km²
水田	2 075.4	11 370.7
旱田	23 487.2	27 639.0
林地	8 300.7	5 323.1
草地	4 619.8	2 442.1
河流水面	1 672.1	2 963.6
建设用地	1 131.9	1 533.8
沼泽地	17 139.1	7 141.8
裸地	10.8	21.3
沙地	0.0	1.5
合计	58 436.9	58 436.9

土地利用	1980年面积/km²	2010年面积/km²
水田	2 075.4	11 370.7
旱田	23 487.2	27 639.0
林地	8 300.7	5 323.1
草地	4 619.8	2 442.1
河流水面	1 672.1	2 963.6
建设用地	1 131.9	1 533.8
沼泽地	17 139.1	7 141.8
裸地	10.8	21.3
沙地	0.0	1.5
合计	58 436.9	58 436.9

利用变化	样本数	SOCD₁₉₈₀/(kg·m^-2)	SOCD₂₀₁₀/(kg·m^-2)	ΔSOCD/(kg·m^-2)	SOCD下降占比/%	开垦因素贡献比/%
草地→旱地	527	10.33	6.16	-4.17	40.37	14.64
草地→水田	269	10.69	6.34	-4.36	40.79	39.72
林地→旱地	599	9.64	5.42	-4.22	43.78	21.28
林地→水田	94	12.39	6.68	-5.71	46.09	46.66
沼泽地→旱地	1 240	20.23	7.38	-12.84	63.47	45.71
沼泽地→水田	814	12.56	6.64	-5.92	47.13	47.84
旱地-旱地	4 460	7.11	4.67	-2.45	34.46	—
水田-水田	425	7.81	5.89	-1.92	24.58	—